ATX3.0 Era Opens Zhongguancun Online New Power Test Report Will Go Online

In the 1980s, IBM developed AT/ PS -Ⅱ Power Supply The output voltage is only+12V, - 12V,+5V and - 5V, and additional power switches are used to switch the machine.

In 1995, Intel released the ATX1.0 specification, changing the output voltage to six channels of+12V, - 12V,+5V, - 5V,+3.3V and+5VSB, as well as two signals of PS-ON (soft power on/off) and PG (power supply detection), which supports Software Power off, keyboard power on, network remote wake-up and other functions, and the motherboard interface is changed to 20 pin.

In 2000, Intel released the ATX12V specification. On the basis of ATX2.0, it strengthened the 12V voltage output, provided 4pin CPU power supply, and upgraded the main board power supply plug to 24pin.

From the evolution of ATX specification, there is no substantial change from 1.0 to 2.0, such as changing the wind direction of the fan, increasing the 5VSB standby current and adding a 6Pin auxiliary power supply plug (later cancelled). At present, the power supply of PC is upgraded on the basis of ATX12V specification. For example, the power supply of CPU is further strengthened, and the independent power supply of graphics card is increased. At the same time, the power supply power and power conversion efficiency are also constantly improved.

The ATX3.0 specification released by Intel in 2022 can be regarded as a cross era upgrade. Compared with ATX12 V2. x standard, there are mainly the following changes:

1、 PCIe5.0 12VHPWR connector is mandatory. 12V power supply wire must use 16AWG specification to meet the maximum power output of 150W, 300W, 450W and 600W. In addition to the 12pin power supply, the plug has a built-in 4-pin signal line to communicate with the graphics card to determine the power supply limit of the graphics card.

2、 12V output needs to support three times of peak power output and continuous output of 100us, and gradually reduce to continuous output of one time of load according to time. For example, 600WTDP graphics card can obtain 1800W power supply capacity in 100us, meeting the instantaneous power increase at the moment of startup and sudden operation of high load graphics operations.

3、 When the rated power of the power supply is>450W and equipped with a 12VHPWR interface, it can withstand twice the overload for 100 μ s (10% duty cycle), and gradually reduce to twice the continuous output according to the time. That is to say, 1000W power supply can reach 2000W instantaneous peak power within 100us without overload protection or even burning of internal components.

4、 The deviation of the+12V voltage from the upper and lower limits is adjusted to 11.2V, reaching - 7%. Although it seems that the standard is slightly reduced, it is actually adjusted with the+12V instantaneous large current, after all, such as RTX The power of such ultra high performance graphics cards as 4090 greatly tests the dynamic performance of the power supply.

It can be seen from the above that in addition to the newly added 12VHPWR video card interface, the biggest change of ATX3.0 power supply specification is to pass the more rigorous transient power consumption overload test. The engineers of Guangdong Zhongyuan R&D Laboratory believe that the ATX3.0 power supply specification is an extreme test of power supply dynamic power adjustment, which is of positive significance in improving the stability of PC and protecting high power consumption accessories such as video cards in the current era of high power supply.

However, the instantaneous power overload also tests the quality of the power supply. For example, when the power supply with a rated power of 850W is faced with a high-performance video card such as RTX3090, some products may have overload protection or even burn out when the video card and CPU are operating under instantaneous full load. At the same time, the engineer also revealed that few ATX3.0 early products passed all tests, which can be said to be a big test for the power industry.

With regard to the test of ATX3.0 power supply, engineers from Zhongyuan R&D Laboratory said that in the past power supply test, it took several hours for projects such as conversion efficiency, voltage deviation, cross load voltage deviation, and output ripple to collect more than 1000 data, while the new project of ATX3.0 specification added more test dimensions and required more professional test equipment.

Guangdong Zhongyuan R&D Laboratory is one of the few enterprises in China with complete power supply product testing capability. It has all kinds of advanced testing equipment and the industry's authoritative power supply product testing capability. As one of the few domestic science and technology media with power test capability, Zhongguancun Online will cooperate with Zhongyuan R&D Laboratory in data analysis and other aspects, and combine years of evaluation experience, interpret the industrial report of the laboratory professionally, and generate ATX3.0 power test standards and test reports applicable to the consumer market, Continue to provide DIY users with professional power evaluation and purchase suggestions.

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