Early ripening litchi hangs on the branches in early summer of May. In Guangzhou, a batch of "frozen sleeping litchi" preserved at low temperature in June last year have been listed, and their color, fragrance and taste are on par with fresh litchi.
Xu Yujuan, director of the Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced that the research team of the Institute of litchi fresh-keeping and processing has successfully broken through the technology of litchi freezing dormancy at ultra-low temperature, which can maintain 80% or 90% of the fresh fruit flavor of litchi preserved for about 10 months, and achieve the "annual listing" of litchi.
"The freeze-thaw and fresh locking technology is to quickly freeze and cool fresh litchi to minus 18 degrees Celsius within 10 minutes, so that litchi can form small, dense and evenly distributed ice crystals, enter the physiological freeze-thaw state, and maintain good taste for a long time. This technology uses pure physical preservation means, without adding any chemical preservatives." Xu Yujuan said.
The technology contained in litchi goes beyond that. In Maoming Gaozhou National Litchi Germplasm Resources Nursery Laboratory, the litchi breeding team is studying how to use ancient litchi trees to cultivate new litchi varieties that are more resistant to harsh environments and more resistant to storage and transportation. According to the researchers, some new varieties have entered the experimental stage of grafting and will be planted in a small scale next year.
It is understood that over the past two years, 2300 hybrid breeding litchi seedlings have been cultivated with the help of more than 700 litchi germplasm resources preserved in the national litchi germplasm resources nursery. Through the promotion of improved varieties, the proportion of high-quality and high-yield litchi varieties in Maoming has reached 80%.
"Litchi can be dormant" and "the land can not be planted in the field"... The reporter observed in the field of Guangdong that with the continuous progress of the "high-quality development project of hundreds of counties, thousands of towns and thousands of villages" in Guangdong Province, agriculture is becoming more efficient and modern, and a sense of science and technology has emerged in a number of "local products".
Zengcheng District of Guangzhou is the "hometown of silk, Miao and rice". When entering the Shimiaomi Modern Agricultural Industrial Park in Zengcheng District, rows and rows of rice were heading neatly and growing well. Qingjie, a drone, is busy shuttling in the fields, spraying pesticides on the rice fields.
Qing Jie recalled that in the past, farmers had to carry dozens of kilograms of buckets and sprayers into the fields to spray medicine, which was hard work and a waste of pesticides. Now, with the remote control in hand, the professional machine can complete the air defense work of thousands of acres of farmland in one or two days, and the spraying is even and efficient.
"In the past, two people could only manage twenty or thirty mu of land, and they would tread on two feet of mud when they went into the field. Now the work is handed over to automatic machinery, and farmers put the rest of their energy into the sales process, so that the silk and rice can sell better," said Qing Jie.
Tian Haibin, deputy general manager of the South China Regional Center of Beidahuang Agricultural Services Group, said that during the spring plowing period this year, more than 5000 mu of rice fields in Zengcheng had comprehensively used a variety of technologies, including intelligent auxiliary driving, side deep fertilization, wide and narrow row transplanting, to speed up the efficiency of rice planting while saving 10% to 20% of fertilizer. "In a cost-effective way, the cost per mu of rice could be saved by more than 100 yuan in the farming link alone."
Silk, Miao and rice, with a history of 100 years, embrace new technology, and the scene of "weeding at noon, sweat dripping under the grain" gradually becomes a thing of the past. According to the statistics of the agricultural and rural departments, the spring planting agricultural area of Guangdong Province in 2024 will reach 30.31 million mu, and the agricultural science and technology contribution rate will exceed 70%.
On the land of Lingnan, science and technology inject new strength into more characteristic agricultural products. In Zhanjiang, the "golden pomfret capital", intelligent and modern marine ranching and breeding equipment are constantly moving towards the deep sea; In Jieyang Puning, the "hometown of green plums", the AI big model is promoting the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry
The data shows that in 2023, the contribution rate of Guangdong's agricultural scientific and technological progress will exceed 72%, ranking first in the country. Under the guidance of Guangdong's "Ten Million Project", hundreds of colleges and universities in the province partnered with agricultural counties (cities, districts), selected 114 leaders and vice leaders of colleges and universities' service teams in the county, reached more than 800 school local cooperation lists, and helped a number of agricultural counties to embark on high-quality development.
Chen Dezhong, the full-time deputy director of the headquarters office of Guangdong Province's "Hundred Thousand and Ten Thousand Project", said that Guangdong would continue to do a good job in "local products", cultivate 10 modern agricultural industrial belts with a total industrial chain output value of 10 billion yuan, seize Lingnan fruit and vegetable, southern medicine, rice, tea, flowers, livestock and poultry, aquatic products and other characteristic symbolic products, and do a good job in variety cultivation, quality control and brand building, Make advantageous and characteristic products into brands, scale up and enhance value.
(Reporter Xiong Jiayi) Xinhua News Agency, Guangzhou, May 18
