On June 20, the reporter of Hainan Daily learned from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hainan Province that the Development Plan for the Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources in Hainan Province (2021-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") has recently been issued: Hainan Province will include four major categories of crops, livestock and poultry, aquatic products, and agricultural microorganisms into the key tasks of germplasm resources protection and utilization, and strive to achieve 2025, Significant progress has been made in the protection and utilization of germplasm resources in Hainan Province. By 2035, the total amount of tropical crops preserved will reach the first in the world.
Five major engineering projects and six major actions will be launched
The Plan points out that during 2021-2025, Hainan Province will further promote the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources by launching five major projects and six major actions. The five major projects are: agricultural germplasm resources protection project; Project to improve basic scientific research capability of seed industry; Germplasm resource development and utilization capacity improvement project; Germplasm resources exchange and cooperation promotion project; Germplasm resources public service capacity improvement project.
The six major actions are: census and collection of agricultural germplasm resources; Action on basic research of germplasm resources; The purification and rejuvenation of Wuzhishan pig, Hainan pig, black goat and other breeds; Wenchang chicken, Jiaji duck and other local strains cultivation action; Exchange and introduction of agricultural germplasm resources; Key resources cooperative R&D action.
In terms of crops, by 2025, Hainan Province will strive to save more than 80000 crop germplasm resources, ranking first in the world; The effective protection rate of wild and semi wild resources should reach more than 80%, and key resources should be fully protected.
In terms of livestock and poultry, by 2025, the third survey of livestock and poultry genetic resources will be basically completed, the provincial protection system of livestock and poultry resources will be basically constructed, the endangered rare and unique livestock and poultry resources will be effectively protected, and the number of important livestock and poultry breeds such as Wuzhishan pig, Hainan pig, Wenchang chicken, Danzhou chicken will reach 3000, 5000, 30000 and 30000 respectively.
In terms of aquaculture, by 2025, the provincial protection list of aquatic germplasm resources will be completed, the information about resource distribution, population density and other information will be basically mastered and real-time monitoring will be realized, the protection rate of national and provincial key protected aquatic germplasm resources will reach more than 70%, the preservation of more than 60 major species of aquaculture will be completed, and the reasonable protection and utilization pattern of important fishery germplasm resources will initially take shape.
In terms of agricultural microorganisms, by 2025, the general survey and collection of agricultural microbial germplasm resources will be basically completed, and the conservation of agricultural microbial germplasm resources will reach more than 50000 copies. The distribution of key agricultural microbial resources with hot zone characteristics, such as large fungi, soil microorganisms, terrestrial microorganisms, marine microorganisms, and special ecological environment microbial resources, will be basically understood.
By 2035, the agricultural germplasm resources will achieve "five banks in one"
The Plan points out that by 2035, Hainan Province will have built a systematic, scientific and efficient modern and intelligent system for the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources, with the total amount of resource conservation jumping to the forefront in China, the total amount of tropical crop conservation reaching the first in the world, rare, endangered and unique resources being effectively collected and protected, and agricultural germplasm resources should be fully protected; The level of in-depth identification, evaluation, development and utilization of resources has been significantly improved, realizing the "five in one" of resource database, sample database, phenotype database, gene database and information database, and the innovative utilization of resources has reached the international advanced level, promoting the innovation level, industrialization development level, and international exchange level of Hainan germplasm resources to be among the top in China.
Luo Dong, Deputy Director General of Hainan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that germplasm resources are the material basis for promoting modern seed industry innovation, the "chip" for promoting high-quality agricultural development, and the strategic resources for ensuring national food security, developing modern agriculture, building ecological civilization, and maintaining biodiversity. In the context of Hainan's construction of a free trade port, the Plan adheres to the government's leadership, strengthens scientific and technological support and policy support, highlights systematicness, foresight and openness, will lead and drive the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of competent departments at all levels and relevant units, and will combine with the implementation of national strategies such as the national silicon valley of southern reproduction and the introduction and transit base of global animal and plant germplasm resources, Accelerate the establishment and improvement of agricultural germplasm resources collection and preservation, identification and evaluation, exchange and sharing, mining and utilization system and information management system, and significantly improve the level of germplasm resources protection and utilization in our province.
"This has laid a solid foundation for turning the seed industry around, helped our province speed up the agricultural supply side structural reform and high-quality development of efficient agriculture with tropical characteristics, which is of great significance for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating agricultural and rural modernization," Luo said.
In addition, in terms of supporting policies for the protection, utilization and development of agricultural germplasm resources, Hainan Province will also introduce policies on finance, talents, scientific research incentives, intellectual property protection, germplasm resources management, risk prevention and control, etc.
