Get through the last kilometer of rural e-commerce Once, a well-known domestic e-commerce expert visited Dangshan, and asked Xu Jisheng, director of commerce of Dangshan County, what is your biggest gain from doing e-commerce for so many years? Xu Jisheng answered without thinking: "It is not the number of e-commerce enterprises, nor the turnover of billion yuan, but forcing government officials and people to change their e-commerce thinking." Since 2014, with the introduction and implementation of comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce in rural areas, e-commerce poverty alleviation, agricultural e-commerce and other policies, the top-level design and supporting facilities of rural e-commerce have entered a relatively perfect stage, The policy effect is gradually highlighted. At the regular policy briefing of the State Council on May 12, 2020, Wang Bingnan, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Commerce, said that the rural online retail sales increased from 180 billion yuan in 2014 to 1.7 trillion yuan in 2019, an overall expansion of 8.4 times. In 2019, the national online retail sales of agricultural products reached 397.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27%, driving more than 3 million poor farmers to increase their income. However, the "last mile" problem of rural e-commerce is still an important weakness restricting the development of the industry. Behind this are a series of problems such as logistics distribution, e-commerce talents, capital and agricultural product standardization. In the opinion of Li Mingtao, President of the Research Institute of China International Electronic Commerce Center, the government's fundamental goal in promoting the development of rural e-commerce is to adapt measures to local conditions, so as to create a dynamic mechanism for the development of local rural e-commerce. The government subsidy funds should adhere to the guidance, public welfare and play the role of bridging the gap, turn flood irrigation into precision drip irrigation, and achieve the transformation from "blood transfusion" to "hematopoietic". The next three years will be a critical period for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in China. Rural e-commerce needs to actively and organically link up and integrate into the overall strategy of rural revitalization, consolidate the foundation of industrial development, improve basic public services, improve governance capacity, and consolidate and expand development achievements. To tap the "reclamation people" and develop the fertile land of rural e-commerce, it is necessary to have appropriate "reclamation people". In the e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street of the medicinal fungus market in the Dabie Mountain Logistics Park, Jinzhai County, dark red shops stand along the street. Outside the park, there are many cars and people. In the park, the doors of some stores are locked, and even some stores have not been decorated, so there are few customers. The purpose of this e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street is to guide the development of e-commerce enterprises in Jinzhai County, focus on supporting small and medium-sized e-commerce enterprises, create an integrated development model of online and offline e-commerce, promote the sales of agricultural products, and help alleviate poverty. "Some bosses are old, do not know e-commerce at all, and have little experience in sales and channels. Even if the store opens, they can not sell products, so they are unwilling to come." Wei Ping, head of an e-commerce company in the Demonstration Street, said. Wang Ke, the boss of an e-commerce company in Yunnan, also complained that Xishuangbanna has no e-commerce talents, products and markets, and even fewer people know e-commerce marketing. Cao Lei, an expert in China's e-commerce expert database, believes that, in Anhui Jinzhai e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street, some stores are closed all the year round. People say that rural e-commerce is short of talents, and local young people are unwilling to stay in small cities or rural areas and go out to work, which is only an objective reason. "The more objective reason is that rural e-commerce does not earn money." Cao Lei said that nowadays, there is no shortage of talents in profitable industries, including high-end talents. Because rural e-commerce does not earn money, everyone is unwilling to do this. "Why are the eastern coastal areas suitable for young people to start their own businesses?" Cao Lei said, because those places pay more attention to giving play to their own personality, giving personality brands and personalized ideas to products, and producing and processing personalized small products, which is also often called "small and beautiful". He said that from the perspective of the talent structure of e-commerce organizations, the government should focus on the cultivation and training of local leaders. Some places lack a group of leaders who dare to take responsibility and have ideas. They can not only integrate resources in the market, but also interact with the government. This group of people should be excavated first, and then cultivate skilled talents. "How can you select real talents and retain them?" Cao Lei said that in general, the introduction standard of rural e-commerce talents in each county is to make up money or give houses first, but you finally find that the former and current talent standards do not match, so it still needs mechanism innovation. For example, the Lishui Municipal Government and the Bureau of Commerce in Yunnan Province are directly linked to the high-level talents of e-commerce demonstration enterprises, including high-level talents and mid-level talents, so that the evaluation criteria can be connected. Li Mingtao believes that the solution to the talent bottleneck of rural e-commerce should ultimately be based on the principle of professional division of labor, leaving the right people in the right areas, and can't expect a large number of high-end and complex talents in the e-commerce industry to return to counties and rural areas. The advantage of the Internet lies in its wide range and cross regional synergy. Focusing on the demand for talents in the industrial chain of rural e-commerce, it focuses on cultivating talents in the production, processing and logistics services of rural e-commerce products in rural areas, while marketing, management, technology and other talents can gather in urban areas. To realize the interest chain of sustainable development, Geji Town in Dangshan, Anhui, known as the "Hometown of Nectarines", was once the most remote poverty-stricken village in northern Anhui. In 2017, in the face of local television cameras, villager Zhao Qianjin said that he had completed poverty alleviation through rural e-commerce. "I learned to sell fruit online. I joined the village packaging team during slack seasons and earned more than 100 yuan a day. I also sold fruit online and could sell 50 cents more per kilogram. If we had five acres of land, we would have sold 10000 yuan more, basically getting rid of poverty, and getting better on the way to e-commerce." A wholesale market in Dangshan, Anhui Province, Villagers are selling picked pears to purchasers. "Someone told me that 'e-commerce has not brought tangible benefits to farmers'. If Dangshan County does not develop e-commerce, we will become very miserable." Xu Jisheng, director of Dangshan Commerce, said. In 2019, the e-commerce transaction volume of Dangshan County exceeded 5 billion yuan. At present, there are 1696 e-commerce enterprises, nearly 60000 online stores and WeChat businesses, and more than 150000 people engaged in e-commerce logistics and other related industries. In 2019, the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee proposed to encourage the development of multi style characteristic agriculture according to local conditions, and advocated "one village, one product" and "one county, one industry". It emphasizes improving the quality standard system of characteristic agricultural products, strengthening the protection of geographical indications and trademarks of agricultural products, and creating a number of "local brands" and "township brands" of characteristic products. Li Mingtao said that the fundamental source of farmers' income increase through rural e-commerce is that local featured products drive, form and improve the upstream industrial chain through e-commerce sales. Farmers can either provide products to increase their sales income, or join a link in the industrial chain to increase their employment income, or they can realize equity gains by joining cooperatives and other organizations. He believes that the premise of increasing farmers' income is to focus on e-commerce sales of local products, realize sustainable development interest chain, and establish e-commerce market competitiveness from the whole chain of product breeding, sorting and processing, packaging, brand, operation, etc., but the establishment of e-commerce market competitiveness requires local e-commerce operators to exert their professional capabilities. "Enterprises engaged in rural e-commerce should have feelings, patience and innovation." Li Mingtao said that how to turn agricultural products with e-commerce consumption potential into marketable online products not only tests the innovation and operation capabilities of e-commerce enterprises, but also puts forward higher requirements on the supply capacity of agricultural products and the guarantee capacity of the industrial chain. To solve these problems, it is necessary to give full play to the joint efforts of the government and the market, guide and promote the online merchandising of agricultural products with a market-oriented mechanism, and develop products and brands suitable for different e-commerce channels. Now, the biggest pain point of rural e-commerce development is capital. In Xu Jisheng's view, traditional enterprises can mortgage equipment and plant loans, but e-commerce companies do not have these physical objects, and they go anywhere with a mobile phone. This is a problem that the government needs to solve. In fact, the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce on Doing a Good Job in the Comprehensive Demonstration of E-commerce in Rural Areas by 2020 pointed out that the central financial fund implements the management mode of "encouraging development+negative list", focusing on supporting the following directions: county and rural three-level logistics distribution system, rural e-commerce public service system, rural modern circulation service system Rural e-commerce training system. Shen Xuefeng, secretary-general of China Rural Finance and Economics Research Association, said in an interview with People's Daily Online that the notice clearly proposed that e-commerce should adhere to the principle of "effective market and promising government", which is a direct reflection of further clarifying the government and market boundary in e-commerce's work in rural areas, and encourages local governments to give priority to the use of rewards instead of subsidies, loan discount, combined with building first and then making up, purchasing services Direct subsidies and other support methods, reasonably accelerate the progress of funds, improve the efficiency of fund use, drive social capital through the guidance of central financial funds, and jointly participate in rural e-commerce work. The boss of an e-commerce service station in Luanping, Hebei, runs both supermarkets and e-commerce service stations. However, Chen Qiang, a staff member of Mengla Branch of an e-commerce company in Yunnan, said that there was a local company that obtained government orders through bidding. The task was to establish a relevant e-commerce system, but the government spent tens of millions. So far, the system has not been built. In fact, the company really invested very little. When the deadline came, it submitted some reports to the government, which was regarded as the completion of the task. Chen Qiang also saw a company that submitted a report similar to the white paper to the county government, which cost 10 million yuan. The county leaders were very angry, and the government finally approved only a few million yuan. Li Mingtao believes that each county should sort out the development path of local rural e-commerce based on the actual situation of rural e-commerce in the county, and focus on the breakpoints and weak links of the upward and downward rural e-commerce industry chain. In addition, the plans of each county should be unique. Based on these plans, a comprehensive assessment should be conducted to determine the direction, amount and assessment method of government funds, and strive to make real use of government funds for rural e-commerce. "I think it is not enough for e-commerce companies to rely only on subsidies. They must be able to form their own hematopoietic capacity, so that their business can continue to operate." An e-commerce practitioner said. (Wang Ke, Chen Qiang and Wei Ping are pseudonyms in the article) [Related Reading] Rural E-commerce Series Report (I): Rushing Rural E-commerce Rural E-commerce Series Report (II): Rural E-commerce Driving into Deep Water Rural E-commerce Series Report (II): Getting Through the Last Kilometer of Rural E-commerce
2020-12-17 13:56
Rural e-commerce moves into deepwater area On November 23, 2020, Guizhou announced that the last nine counties in deep poverty will withdraw from the poverty county list, which marks that all 832 poor counties in the country identified by the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council have been lifted out of poverty. In the context of the in-depth development of "Internet+", e-commerce has boosted the overall development of rural areas in China by improving the construction of Internet infrastructure and support platforms in poor areas, integrating resources from all walks of life, and strengthening talent training. According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, the online retail sales in poverty-stricken counties nationwide reached 239.2 billion yuan in 2019, up 33% year on year, driving the employment and income increase of 5 million farmers in poverty-stricken areas. Since 2014, policies such as comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce in rural areas, e-commerce poverty alleviation, and agricultural e-commerce have been introduced and implemented. The top-level design and supporting facilities of rural e-commerce have entered a relatively complete stage, and the policy effect of rural e-commerce has gradually emerged. However, with the gradual disappearance of policy dividends, the gradual completion of rural sites, and the gradual improvement of logistics and other supporting facilities, rural e-commerce has entered a critical stage of sustainable operation. People's Daily Online reporter found in Anhui, Hebei, Yunnan and other places that while the innovative model of e-commerce is constantly promoting rural social and economic development, some local governments focus on strengthening administrative orders to promote rural e-commerce, so that some places failed to adjust measures to local conditions, resulting in blind planning. Nowadays, rural e-commerce has become the main force to promote the prosperity of rural industries and a new engine for rural revitalization. With the policy in place, the market mature, the development of digital technology and the return of a large number of talents, rural e-commerce ushered in a "golden age" of comprehensive blowout. Xu Jisheng, director of commerce of Dangshan County, Anhui Province, a "lame" rural Taobao, is an iron fan of Ma Yun. In 2015, rural Taobao staff came to Xu Jisheng's office, took out a cooperation agreement and asked him if he could sign the cooperation agreement. He told the other party that you are just occupying the market, not trying to sell agricultural products, which is the opposite of the development of rural e-commerce. "Rural Taobao is not a blood transfusion, but a blood drawing." Xu Jisheng refused to cooperate with Taobao in rural areas for three consecutive years. This also puts him under great pressure. After all, Alibaba is an Internet giant, which has both abundant capital and huge traffic. In particular, rural Taobao has cooperation with other counties. "Both sides invested a lot of money at that time." Wang Li, a staff member of a department of Yunnan Provincial Government, said that by 2019, relevant departments of rural e-commerce in Yunnan will cooperate with Alibaba to build 34 county-level rural Taobao service centers and 1490 village level service stations. People's Daily Online visited more than 10 rural Taobao stores in Yunnan, Anhui, Hebei and other provinces. Some rural Taobao stores were upgraded to Tmall premium stores. Except for the express business, they have all become home appliance stores. The rest of rural Taobao stores have either been closed or changed to supermarkets and restaurants. "If you don't do other business, you can't even pay the rent every month." The operator of rural Taobao in Jinghong City, Yunnan Province said that today, the sales and express business of rural Taobao products cannot meet the demand, and it is difficult to survive without expanding the business scope. In Jinghong City, Yunnan Province, the biggest problem faced by rural Taobao is that the boss changes rural Taobao into a hotel for profit in order to survive. Once, Xu Jisheng attended a rural Taobao investment promotion meeting. He joked to the rural Taobao staff that he should not attend this investment promotion meeting. You promised to do express integration, but rural Taobao was selling household appliances. The other side told him that he wanted to survive. "Looking back now, I didn't cooperate with rural Taobao, which was a correct decision," said Xu Jisheng. In his view, Internet giants actively seek cooperation with local governments. They want local governments to cultivate and support them. Once there is no government support, coupled with peer competition, they will be difficult to survive. "A lot of people come to the village for policy dividends, but Ali has made continuous investment." Li Shaohua, general manager of Alibaba Rural Business Department, said in an interview. "Why can't we do Taobao in the countryside? Their purpose is not pure, they just want to ask the government for money. " Qian Jin, the person in charge of an e-commerce platform in Dangshan County, once talked about this problem with the person in charge of rural Taobao in the county. Qian Jin said that there was indeed a problem with the rural Taobao business model. The village waiters were former store owners. What can rural Taobao do to find stores? These bosses only sell their own things and do not serve the people at all. But the people want to save money and save time, so Taobao in rural areas has lost its value. Autumn, the "stale" e-commerce demonstration street, is the harvest season. The e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street of the medicinal fungus market in the Dabie Mountain Logistics Park, Jinzhai County, has dark red shops standing along the street. There are many cars outside the park, but the park is silent. The purpose of this demonstration street is to guide the development of e-commerce enterprises in Jinzhai County, focus on supporting small and medium-sized e-commerce enterprises, create an integrated development model of online and offline e-commerce, promote the sales of agricultural products, and help alleviate poverty. In 2019, the e-commerce demonstration street announced that during the lease period, it would enjoy preferential treatment related to the purchase of shops; The county e-commerce service center gives priority to providing policies such as loan discount, e-commerce poverty alleviation awards and subsidies, and express subsidies according to the operation of e-commerce enterprises. In addition, policies such as rent bonus and subsidy will be given to the e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street settled in supply and marketing enterprises that meet the requirements of the opening rate. According to Liu Zhaosheng, deputy director of the e-commerce center of Jinzhai County Science, Technology, Commerce and Economic Informatization Bureau, the application for the establishment of shops in the e-commerce demonstration street needs to be recognized by the county commerce bureau. The shops sign a contract with the government once a year, which can be sold online or operated offline, but they can't set up a shop, and do nothing at the door. "Property management personnel will patrol the store and make records." Liu Zhaosheng said that, 365 days a year, the normal business hours need to reach 200 days, not only 50 days, that means you have not done e-commerce. "This is a supporting management measure summarized from practice." However, the reporter from People's Daily Online saw in the e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street in Jinzhai County that only a few of the 50 shops were open for business without a plaque, locked doors, or decorated indoors. "This shop has been in residence for more than a year and has never been open, but the boss often pulls friends upstairs to play mahjong, which is almost becoming a chess and card room." A boss of the demonstration street pointed to the shop not far away and said that although some shop owners were not open, they gave the shop a floor or tile, and some of them are still rough houses. Hong Tao, director of the Business Economics Research Institute of Beijing Technology and Business University, believes that the main reason for the "waste" of the e-commerce demonstration street in Jinzhai, Anhui Province is formalism and its homogenized development. It does not serve farmers, nor is it market-oriented, nor does it act according to the laws of market economy, As a result, the production and marketing system of "efficient, safe, healthy, green, intelligent and ecological" has not been formed. "To put it bluntly, they just occupy a hole, and if they don't operate themselves, others can't settle in." The above boss said that some shopkeepers were too old to understand e-commerce and sell agricultural products. They were unwilling to work, so they used the shop as a warehouse. No one cared anyway. At the entrance of Henglou Village, Chengzhuang Town, Dangshan County, the "faded" poverty relief post station, Li Cheng, a taxi driver, stuck out his head from the window and asked Dewey beside the road, "Why is the poverty relief post station sign hanging in front of your door missing? I saw it last time when I returned home." "The sign has just been picked up, and it doesn't have much effect." Dewey shook his head repeatedly. "This is not formalism." Li Changchang sighed, stepped on the accelerator and left. Zhao Hui's company once signed an agreement with the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Jinzhai County to win four poverty relief post stations at the township level, each of which is staffed with a staff member. "Now all the staff have withdrawn." Zhao Hui said that the whole chain of rural e-commerce is too long to be built in two or three years, which needs long-term persistence. So far, his boss has invested more than 3 million yuan, but the economic benefits are very poor. Previously, the company had 30 or 40 employees at most, but now only a few people remain. In his opinion, the local agricultural products are small in quantity and expensive in logistics, so there is no competitive advantage at all. In addition, the staff who settle in the poverty relief post station have neither wages nor staffing, so it is better to work for money. The secretary of a village in Jinzhai County also said that his daughter-in-law had received e-commerce training in the county before, and then worked in the village's poverty relief post station, but the operation was less than half a year ago, and was forced to give up because of poor economic benefits. "We also cross the river by feeling for stones." Chu Xiaoyu, head of the E-commerce Office of the Development and Reform Bureau of Luanping County, Hebei Province, said that they built e-commerce service stations in accordance with the requirements and standards of the demonstration counties, but the actual situation continued to change, and unexpected problems occurred in the operation process. For example, some villages realize express delivery, and do not need the relevant functions of village level e-commerce service stations, while some villages with small population have low demand for e-commerce services. This is not just a case. In 2019, the 18th issue of "Asking Politics in Shandong" was broadcast by Shandong Radio and Television Station, and the Department of Commerce of Shandong Province accepted the question of politics. The program exposed that Wulian County, Rizhao City, as a national comprehensive demonstration county for e-commerce into rural areas, has received a special fund of 20 million yuan. However, many e-commerce service stations have the problems of "selling dog meat by hanging sheep's head", falsifying data, and still have no business since its establishment. In this regard, Zhang Deping, director of the Department of Commerce of Shandong Province, said that this is formalism and must be rectified, especially the fraud. Li Mingtao, the president of the Research Institute of China International E-commerce Center, believes that the government's fundamental goal in promoting the development of rural e-commerce is to adapt measures to local conditions and create a dynamic mechanism for the development of local rural e-commerce. According to the demand characteristics of different places, whether it is driven by downward consumption, or upward sales, or to meet the needs of large international and domestic markets, or to develop a small cycle of e-commerce based on small regions, All these should be analyzed in detail. We should not adopt a set of models and practices across the country, let alone a one size fits all indicator assessment. "The poverty relief post station did not play a role." Xu Jisheng said that the poverty relief post station was suitable for promotion in places with weak e-commerce foundation, but Dangshan County's e-commerce development was relatively mature. In addition to the poverty relief post station of the "lonely" poverty relief supermarket, the government of Tangjiahui Town in Jinzhai also invested in transforming the local old street into an e-commerce street. This old street is about 200 meters long, and there are about 20 shops along the street, all of which are antique two-story attics, with various "e-commerce" plaque hanging on the door. However, only a few stores are open in the whole street, and the rest are locked. "You see, the stores are closed, and the sales of goods are very poor." Li Cuihua, who is nearly sixty years old, counted, and the whole old street is still open for business, but there are only three or four. She said that there are few tourists here, and the scenic spot is small. It takes only a few minutes to walk around, without even eating, and tourists leave. There is no business at all. Online development of rural e-commerce has also encountered bottlenecks. In 2017, in order to effectively solve the problem of information release, promotion and sales of agricultural products for poor households, and to drive the county's civil servants, enterprises and individuals to actively participate in e-commerce poverty alleviation and jointly promote Jinzhai agricultural and sideline products, Jinzhai County entrusted Jinzhai to "go on the street" to create an online trading platform serving the county's civil servants, enterprises and the whole society - "Jinzhai e-commerce poverty alleviation supermarket". In the "Poverty Alleviation Supermarket" operation center built by Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, only two employees work on the public account of "Impression Jinzhai Agricultural Expo Hall", click "Poverty Alleviation Supermarket" in the lower menu, click "Poverty Alleviation Information" in the lower right, and select towns and villages to see the published product information, contact information and the latest mailing time. People's Daily Online reporter clicks to enter the e-commerce anti-poverty supermarket. The columns are divided into "one store in one village", "agricultural aid zone", "seasonal new products", etc. Click to enter "all categories". The page is to sell various local specialties, but the maximum sales volume is not more than 500. In the poverty alleviation information list, local specialties not only show the origin, but also the names and mobile phone numbers of poor people, and even the government units that help. Jinzhai E-commerce Poverty Alleviation Supermarket is operated by Shangjiekou Network Technology Company. According to public data, Jinzhai went to the streets to set up an e-commerce anti-poverty supermarket operation center to undertake anti-poverty supermarket operation, daily management and maintenance, integration and docking of agricultural product resources, and organization of online and offline sales of agricultural products. The sign of "Go to the Street" is hung on the head of a small front room on Hongjun Avenue in Jinzhai County, and the signboards of "Jinzhai E-commerce Poverty Alleviation Supermarket Operation Center" and "Jinzhai New Era Logistics Co., Ltd." are hung on one side of the door. "We don't care much." Zhao Hui, a staff member of the Internet technology company who went to the street, said that when the government asked to develop rural e-commerce, one store per village, they were responsible for building the platform without charging any fees, and then the villages put agricultural products on the platform for sales. As for the sales, they could not control or want to control. According to him, Jinzhai County had never been a poverty relief supermarket at that time, and his company only provided technical support. If you sell agricultural products on the platform, the government will give you some subsidies, but the sales of poverty relief supermarkets are not ideal. "We also have a headache, so far there is no solution." "The government can't always support us, can it?" Zhao Hui said that at first, the government gave the company some support, providing operating space in a building in the county, free of rent for three years, but the poverty relief supermarket has been doing poorly, and his company can't bear the high rent, so he moved to this small place to work. "Everyone has shouted slogans for several years, but no one has mentioned them anymore." E-commerce poverty alleviation is a key element of poverty alleviation. According to the data of China E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation Alliance, in 2019, its member units helped and sold more than 2.8 billion yuan of agricultural products in poverty-stricken areas, covering 842 enterprises in 478 poverty-stricken counties in 22 provinces and cities, and driving 80000 farmers. By March 2020, e-commerce in national poverty-stricken counties has attracted more than 9 million farmers. Li Mingtao believes that rural e-commerce can effectively link poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, find new development space in the rural revitalization strategy, deeply integrate with the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation, and increase the income of poor people while solving employment. (Qian Jin, Li Cheng, Zhao Hui and Li Cuihua are all pseudonyms in the article) [Related Reading] Rural E-commerce Series Report (I): Rushing Rural E-commerce Rural E-commerce Series Report (middle): Rural E-commerce Driving into Deep Water Rural E-commerce Series Report (II): Getting through the last kilometer of rural e-commerce
2020-12-16 10:31
Rushing rural e-commerce Zhang Chuanfeng is the key rural e-commerce support object of Jinzhai County Government in Anhui Province. He is only 1.4 meters tall in his 30s. After graduating from junior high school in 2000, he went to work in big cities. Due to his short stature and poor physique, he watched others make money, and was inevitably pessimistic and frustrated. In 2018, he joined the town's e-commerce association. In this year, he helped more than 100 poor households sell agricultural products worth more than 1 million yuan with an annual income of more than 3.8 million yuan from aquaculture and e-commerce sales. Among them, in the purchase of agricultural products from poor households, he received a subsidy of up to 100000 yuan from the local commerce bureau a year. In 2015, the central government allocated a special fund of 2 billion yuan to support the development of rural e-commerce in the central and western regions, especially in the old revolutionary base areas. The focus of the use of funds is to build a three-level logistics distribution system at the county, township and village levels. It is hoped that through the guidance and encouragement of financial funds, more enterprises and social capital will be driven into rural e-commerce development, and the ecological environment of rural e-commerce will be cultivated. In particular, in 2019, the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee again focused on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and put forward the strategic direction of "giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas". Rural e-commerce became one of the priorities. This is the sixth consecutive year since 2014 that rural e-commerce has appeared in the Central No.1 Document. The People's Daily Online reporter investigated Anhui in East China, Hebei in North China, Yunnan in Southwest China and other provinces, and found that, in response to the call of the central government, with the support of special funds from the central government, e-commerce demonstration streets, poverty relief stations, and poverty relief supermarkets have sprung up like mushrooms, like a raging fire. With the introduction of the rural revitalization strategy, the consumption upgrading in rural areas is slowly starting. In the future, the online shopping market of this rural area with a population of 600 million will surpass that of cities, which is undoubtedly a blue ocean market. Giant "hunting" rural market Internet giants took the lead in "sniffing" business opportunities. In 2014, Alibaba launched the "Thousand Counties and Ten Thousand Villages Plan", saying that it would invest 10 billion yuan in the next three to five years to establish 1000 county level operation centers and 100000 village level service stations, and cooperate with the government to comprehensively establish a rural e-commerce system. In the same year, Suning also launched the plan of "going to the countryside", which penetrated into the rural market through Suning E-shop. JD also started to establish its own "county level service center" in early 2015, and at the same time, it opened a "JD Help service store" in the form of franchise. At that time, a rural Taobao store in Dangshan County, Anhui Province was upgraded to Tmall Optimally Select, and operated household appliances business. This wave of e-commerce was spectacular. In 2014, Ali convened more than 100 county chief secretaries to hold a meeting in Hangzhou to discuss how small county towns can play big e-commerce. According to the IT Times, a government official in a fourth tier city in a northern province still remembers the surging tide. At that time, from the province to each prefecture level county and city, the government allocated a large amount of special financial funds to subsidize rural Taobao. Moreover, not every county can be included in the first batch of pilot lists, and there is still competition between county heads. "If only from a commercial perspective, you can't see any commercial benefits in the short term. You need to continue to invest. You need to combine commercial value with social value to find a value system." Li Shaohua, general manager of Alibaba Rural Business Department, said in an interview with the media. In 2018, Alibaba announced to invest 4.5 billion yuan in Huitongda, a rural e-commerce platform, bringing Alibaba 80000 rural outlets. Ali began to add weight to the war. In the view of Hong Tao, director of the Business Economics Research Institute of Beijing Technology and Business University, the rural market is a virgin land that has not yet been fully reclaimed, and almost all Internet e-commerce giants have gone to the sinking market to "seek gold". In recent years, as the growth rate of the market in the first and second tier cities has gradually slowed down, the rapid growth of the vast rural market is becoming a battleground for e-commerce giants. Hong Tao said that rural e-commerce is a "two-way" market, mainly for industrial products to go down and agricultural products to go up. Farmers can not only buy the consumer goods they need through the Internet, but also sell their agricultural products to cities through the Internet. The market potential is self-evident. According to the China E-Commerce Report 2019 issued by the Department of E-Commerce of the Ministry of Commerce, last year China's rural online retail sales reached 1.7 trillion yuan, up 19.1% year on year, and the online retail sales of agricultural products reached 397.5 billion yuan, up 27% year on year. Hong Tao said that since 2012, the rural consumer market has been higher than the urban consumer market for nine consecutive years. In 2019, the total retail sales of consumer goods in rural areas will be 6 trillion yuan. Rural areas are a big market that needs to be developed urgently, and there is huge room for development. Li Mingtao, president of the Research Institute of China International E-commerce Center, believes that from the perspective of consumption potential, rural areas are associated with the consumption demand of more than 600 million people, and at the same time, rural areas contain massive agricultural special products, processed products and cultural tourism resources, which are all potential areas for rural e-commerce. Faced with the peak of Internet traffic dividend, Internet giants will inevitably pay attention to rural areas where the Internet penetration rate is only more than 40%. Rural e-commerce has also become a must for Internet giants to realize new traffic. Behind the rapid development of rural e-commerce in distinctive e-commerce streets is policy guidance and market drive. Jinzhai County, located in the western border of Anhui and the hinterland of the Dabie Mountains, is the second largest general county in China. According to Liu Zhaosheng, deputy director of the e-commerce center of Jinzhai County Science, Technology, Commerce and Economic Informatization Bureau, the foundation of rural e-commerce in Jinzhai is weak. In 2014, the sales of the entire Jinzhai County on Taobao platform were only 220000. "We focus on e-commerce training." Liu Zhaosheng said that Jinzhai County mainly cultivates the main body, and this training is divided into several levels, including leading cadres, management personnel and universal training, and then takes poor households as the main body to tap potential e-commerce entrepreneurs. "There are more than 500000 permanent residents in the county, and only in 2018 the number of e-commerce trainees exceeded 50000." There are only a few stores in the e-commerce street of Tangjiahui Town, Jinzhai County, and there are few customers. "All of them are made of real money." Liu Zhaosheng said that from 2015 to now, Jinzhai County has invested more than 100 million yuan in e-commerce development, and the amount of rewards and subsidies alone has reached 26.61 million yuan in the past three years, In addition, 40 million yuan was allocated to the approved comprehensive demonstration county for e-commerce in rural areas, and more than 50 million yuan was allocated to Jinzhai County to support e-commerce entrepreneurship. In the e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street of the Medicinal Fungus Market in Dabie Mountain Logistics Park, Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, dark red shops stand along the street, with various plaques with "e-commerce" hanging at the door. The purpose of this e-commerce entrepreneurship demonstration street is to guide the development of e-commerce enterprises in Jinzhai County, focus on supporting small, medium-sized and micro e-commerce enterprises, create an integrated development model of online and offline e-commerce, promote the sales of agricultural products, and help alleviate poverty. According to Liu Zhaosheng, the application for the establishment of shops in the demonstration street was approved by the county commerce bureau. The shops signed a contract with the government for one year and can be sold online or operated offline. Jinzhai Tangjiahui Town is an important part of the Hubei Henan Anhui Revolutionary Base, known as the Red "Little Yan'an". In 2017, the party committee and government of Tangjiahui Town, Jinzhai County invested funds to demolish the old houses, build a new tourist reception center, rescue and maintain the revolutionary sites, name the ancient street with the most revolutionary sites and concentration in the town as "Red Army Street", and create an "e-commerce street" combining red tourism. People's Daily Online reporter saw the "E-Commerce Street" in Tangjiahui Town. The street is about 200 meters long. There are two antique attics on both sides of the flagstone road. There are nearly 20 shops along the street, with shop plaques hanging at the front of the doors. On May 16, 2017, the establishment of Jinzhai County's e-commerce characteristic town and the launch ceremony of 100 e-commerce claim and pair poverty alleviation were held at the farmer cultural activity center of Baojiyan Village, Tangjiahui Town, Jinzhai County. Cai Lili, Deputy County Chief of Jinzhai, said in her concluding speech that the establishment of e-commerce characteristic towns is to provide a bearable platform for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, stimulate the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of entrepreneurs, drive the transformation of rural industries, accelerate the development of Internet+agricultural economy, and provide strong support for the fight against poverty. "Rural e-commerce is conducive to poverty alleviation and rural revitalization." Wang Li, a staff member of a department of Yunnan Provincial Government, said that from 2019 to the first half of 2020, there are as many as nine policies in Yunnan Province that will combine poverty alleviation with rural e-commerce. Dangshan County, a poverty relief post station, is known as the "Pear Capital of the World". The output of local pear is very high, but due to the blocked traffic, the pear and pear paste products are unsalable, and the economy has been lagging behind. It was once selected as a national poverty-stricken county. In 2017, Xu Jisheng, Director of Dangshan County Bureau of Commerce, attended the National Rural E-Commerce Targeted Poverty Alleviation Experience Exchange Meeting in Guiyang. Wang Yang, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. He emphasized that e-commerce poverty alleviation is an effective means of targeted poverty alleviation, as well as an innovative measure to use new technologies and new models to boost poverty alleviation. "Well known e-commerce platforms are all participating in this activity, and the battle is very big." Xu Jisheng remembered that the last item of the conference was the oath that everyone volunteered to help the poor through e-commerce. As early as 2015, Dangshan was included in the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas. According to public reports, at present, there are 139 e-commerce poverty alleviation post stations in Dangshan County, and 139 have been put into operation, realizing full coverage ahead of schedule. The employment poverty alleviation post station refers to a comprehensive poverty alleviation service network integrating employment social security, e-commerce, financial services, home services, express delivery, entrepreneurial support, and cultural entertainment, which can build a service platform for farmers to sell agricultural products, enable poor households to obtain employment and sell agricultural and sideline products at the employment poverty alleviation post station, and achieve online offline interaction, We will lift ourselves out of poverty on schedule and for a long time. In the same year, Hebei Luanping was also included in the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas. "This is a process of constant exploration and exploration, Villagers can also go directly to the service station. Jinzhai County also adopts this model. "The poverty alleviation post station is in the charge of the husband and wife shop, the village businessmen, and the cooperatives." Liu Zhaosheng said that in 2017, the Jinzhai County Employment Poverty Alleviation Post Station Construction Implementation Plan issued by the Jinzhai County People's Government Office showed that, according to the document requirements, a total of 200 employment poverty alleviation post stations will be built in the county by 2019. From 2014 to 2019, there were 1231 comprehensive demonstration counties of e-commerce in rural areas in China. In terms of poverty-stricken counties, 875 state-level poverty-stricken counties have been covered in six years. The above scheme also said that the employment poverty alleviation post station should have the functions of employment service, financial service, e-commerce, home service, express delivery, entrepreneurial support, culture and entertainment. Each employment poverty alleviation post station shall be equipped with 1-2 full-time and part-time management and service staff. A one-time subsidy of 100000 yuan will be given to the employment poverty relief post stations that have been completed and operated normally for more than three months. Liu Zhaosheng said that government subsidies need to reach two targets: first, e-commerce practitioners need to purchase agricultural products from poor households, and second, the agricultural products purchased through the network sales reach more than 20%, and then give a certain reward according to the purchase amount. He said that at that time, the county set the reward amount at 10% in the first year, and then increased the reward amount to 15%. "Don't you believe it? These prizes will not go out." (Wang Li is pseudonymous in the article) [Related Reading] Rural E-commerce Series Report (I): Rushing Rural E-commerce Rural E-commerce Series Report (middle): Rural E-commerce Driving into Deepwater Area Rural E-commerce Series Report (II): Connecting the Last Kilometer of Rural E-commerce
2020-12-15 09:07
Is the "central enterprise" state-owned financial chain reliable? "Please check your accounts individually. Do you want to make up for the VIP Gold Powder users? Click on the VIP Gold Powder 399. Do you still need to make up?", Group owners recommend similar advertisements to group friends almost every day. At the same time, the group often "popularizes science" some blockchain development trends, publicizes the cooperation progress of Guojin Public Chain with local governments and official organizations, and encourages users not to miss this wave of "lying and earning outlets". In Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hainan and other provinces and regions, the promotion of Guojin Public Chain has appeared online and offline. "Guojin Public Chain has live broadcast chain, national data chain, enterprise chain, GMT privilege chain and other side chains that are developing original shareholders, and will change the economic model and daily life in the future." Among the promoters, the State Financial Public Chain is a central enterprise under the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. It has blockchain business contacts with many government departments and organizations all over the country. Both B-end enterprises and C-end users should be on the chain as soon as possible to achieve "lying and earning". In addition, according to the introduction of the marketing personnel of Guojin Public Chain, participating in the two-week paid training of Guojin Public Chain can also obtain the blockchain technology certificate issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, which can be used as the "passport" to engage in blockchain project business in the future. An expert told people.com.cn that the promotion of Guojin Public Chain has adopted a multi-level pyramid scheme. Some internal staff of Guojin Public Chain also told reporters that market promotion is "playing the sidelines of pyramid selling". Recently, users have come to the office hall of Guojin Public Chain in Hangzhou and other places to "safeguard their rights". Mysterious "central enterprises"? On the WeChat group of the members of Guojin's GMT Privilege Chain, the "Blockchain Paradigm" of WeChat official account, the online platforms such as coin players and Zhihu, as well as Tencent video, there is a public promotional video of Guojin's official chain. In the video, Li Kemeng, who claimed to be the chairman of Guojin Public Chain, said happily to the audience, "Guojin Public Chain has been officially approved, and the competent unit has been officially changed to the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council." The audience cheered when the voice dropped. The article "The competent unit of Guojin Public Chain - officially becoming the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council" on January 9 of this year It is described as follows: "As the only central enterprise in the blockchain field in China at present, Guojin Public Chain is dedicated to building an ecological industrial public chain system that meets the needs of Chinese industries, Chinese laws, and Chinese characteristics. The change of the competent unit has great far-reaching implications for promoting the integration of blockchain technology and the real economy in China, and helping industrial development and international competition Meaning. " The screenshot of this article not only publicizes videos and some online tweets, but also similar propaganda content appears on many online communities and communication platforms such as Zhihu, Baidu Post Bar, CSDN, etc. In their propaganda, Guojin Public Chain is not only a state-owned enterprise, but also a "major subject of blockchain industry application of the Development Research Center of the State Council", and under the guidance of the top academician team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the ministries and commissions of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, "build an ecological blockchain public chain system with Chinese autonomy, business model, legal compliance and national strategic development significance". Baidu Post Bar Screenshot, CSDN Blog Screenshot, People's Daily Online reporter contacted several local branches of Guojin Public Chain, and many employees said that Guojin Public Chain "has state holding", "is a state-owned enterprise" and "has money". An internal employee told the reporter that the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) has invested in the State owned Financial Public Chain, and the company has fully paid five insurances and one fund for its employees. "The salary of employees is also high, and the company has some money." The official website of the State owned Financial Public Chain Enterprise shows that its main operator, the State owned Financial Public Chain Software System (Beijing) Co., Ltd., is a state-owned enterprise that focuses on the development of the underlying technology of the blockchain, application development The new high-tech company providing technical services is the vice chairman unit of China Blockchain Ecological Alliance and the member unit of the trusted blockchain promotion plan of China Information and Communication Research Institute. The reporter inquired through the national enterprise credit information publicity system and found that Guojin Public Chain Software System (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was founded on February 20, 2019, with Shen Yang as its legal representative, but the shareholder and investment information were not shown. At the same time, the query results of the Tianyan search platform show that Guojin Public Chain Software System (Beijing) Co., Ltd. is 100% owned by Nationwide Online Data Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. The controlling party of Nationwide Online Data Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. is Patriotic Engineering Research Institute, and 100% of the controlling party of Patriotic Engineering Research Institute is China Film Literature Society. According to the official website of the China Film Literature Association, the Association was initiated by Xia Yan on January 16, 1983. It is the only association organization for Chinese film writers, managed by the Social Management Department of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, affiliated with the China Film Group and accepted its guidance. However, according to the person in charge of the China Film Literature Association, the association has never indirectly held shares in blockchain enterprises. The reporter of People's Daily Online called the Patriotic Engineering Research Institute, and the relevant personnel said that the equity information of Tianyancha was correct, and that Nationwide Online Data Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was a subsidiary of the Patriotic Engineering Research Institute. In addition, the People's Daily News reporter also learned from many sources that neither the SASAC of the State Council nor the SASAC of Beijing appeared among the existing shareholders and past shareholders of Guojin Public Chain Software System (Beijing) Co., Ltd. At the same time, the above-mentioned companies do not appear in the list of central enterprises on the official website of the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. The relevant personnel from the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council told people.com.cn that they had never heard of this enterprise, which was not in the charge of the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In the history of shareholder changes of Guojin Public Chain Software System (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Zhongke Zhihui Software Co., Ltd. was its shareholder and main operating agency. According to Tianyan, Zhongke Zhihui Software Co., Ltd. is 100% owned by Hainan Wuzhou Hua'an Investment Co., Ltd., while Hainan Wuzhou Hua'an Investment Co., Ltd. is jointly owned by natural persons Zhu Jingqiang and Yin Fei. Among the executive directors of Zhongke Zhihui Software Co., Ltd., the name of Li Kemeng in the above promotional video appeared. Tianyan search shows that the registered address of Hainan Wuzhou Hua'an Investment Co., Ltd. is No. 9, Guoxing Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou City, Hainan Province. This address is also the location of the People's Government of Hainan Province on Baidu Map and Gaode Map. Blockchain information service filing shall not be used for any commercial purpose. "When I am in Xi'an and wait for blockchain training, you can come here and get a blockchain primary certificate from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology." Gao Yang (a pseudonym), an employee of Guojin Public Chain, invited reporters to register the "Nationwide Data Chain" while warmly inviting people from all walks of life to Xi'an for blockchain training. Gao Yang works in the Preparatory Office of the CICC Public Chain Blockchain Industry Development Center (Xi'an) Branch. According to him, the commercial operation of blockchain projects must have a "blockchain certificate" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The user needs to pay an enrollment fee of about 9800 yuan to obtain the blockchain primary certificate through the training of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. However, through his application for training in Xi'an, he only needs 3000 or 4000 yuan to get a certificate, and "it is the person directly from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology who comes to train". The training lasts about a week. The reporter learned that the "primary certificate of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology" mentioned by the above-mentioned staff of the State Financial Public Chain refers to the special technical training of blockchain technology (primary). After the training and assessment, the "special technical certificate" stamped by the Education and Examination Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology was obtained. The picture is the "Special Technology Certificate" stamped by the Education and Examination Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The interviewees provided the picture. In the introduction of the official website of Guojin Public Chain, Guojin Public Chain has worked with CCID Blockchain Research Institute to create "training of blockchain technology and public chain industry application talents", After passing the assessment, the trainees participating in the training will obtain the "Blockchain Application Technology Talent Certificate" designated by the Education and Examination Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the "Blockchain Service Entity Industrial Planner Completion Certificate" jointly issued by Guojin Public Chain and CCID Research Institute. A screenshot of the official website of Guojin Public Chain was sent by the reporter to the Education and Examination Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the "Center"). The relevant staff of the Center said that the Education and Examination Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is a primary special training on blockchain technology in cooperation with CCID Research Institute. After the training, the "Special Technology Certificate" stamped by the Center can be obtained after passing the examination, However, this certificate is only a training certificate, not a professional qualification or accreditation certificate. The specific training contents and methods depend on the arrangements of CCID Research Institute. The reporter retrieved an article entitled "The Side Chain of Credible Authentication Service of Guojin Public Chain - Official Launch of Guojin Authentication Chain", which was reprinted by the Finance Channel of Phoenix Network, the Enterprise Channel of Dongfang Network, etc. The article said that, including the "Blockchain Technology (Primary) Special Technical Certificate", "Blockchain Service Entity Industrial Planner Training Completion Certificate (Primary)", "Guojin Public Chain Certification Senior Blockchain Industrial Planner President Class First Training Completion Certificate", "Guojin Public Chain Certification Lecturer Certificate" and other certificates, the trusted certification service side chain of Guojin Public Chain Guojin Certification Chain, A one-stop visual authentication service system of "online storage verification" has been built for nearly 1000 certificate data; Some of the online industrial planners, president classes, lecturers, letters of engagement, letters of authorization and other on chain authentication query functions within the national financial public chain system, as well as the on chain authentication query function of blockchain special technical certificates have been launched; The source authentication nodes such as CCID Blockchain Research Institute are introduced to participate in the authentication, "the data source is authentic and reliable". At the same time, in the Research Report on the Development of Chinese Blockchain Enterprises and the 2019 Chinese Blockchain Technology Innovation Typical Enterprise Directory released by CCID (Qingdao) Blockchain Research Institute, Guojin Public Chain was selected as the 19th in the 2019 Chinese Blockchain Technology Innovation Typical Enterprise Directory. According to the official website of the report screenshot, CCID (Qingdao) Blockchain Research Institute Co., Ltd. is an independent legal entity approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and established by the China Electronics Information Industry Development Research Institute directly under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology by integrating internal and external resources. It settled in Laoshan District, Qingdao in September 2017 and has an office in Beijing. In its external publicity, Guojin Public Chain said that it had filed domestic blockchain information services in the National Internet Information Office. The reporter found that in the first batch of domestic blockchain information service filing numbers released by the State Internet Information Office on March 30, 2019, the then operating agencies of Guojin Public Chain, namely, Zhongke Zhihui Software System Co., Ltd., Guojin Blockchain Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., and the first tier node operating environment authorized deployment agency, Guoke Blockchain Technology (Hangzhou) The limited company has obtained the record number. However, when the first batch of domestic blockchain information service filing numbers were announced, the National Cyberspace Office said that, according to the requirements of the Regulations on the Management of Blockchain Information Services, blockchain information service providers should mark their filing numbers at prominent locations such as Internet sites and applications where they provide services to the outside world. The filing is only the registration of the relevant information of the subject blockchain information service, and does not represent the recognition of its institutions, products and services. Any institution or individual shall not be used for any commercial purpose. In addition, the National Cyberspace Office also mentioned in the Notice on the Launch of the Blockchain Information Service Filing Management System that the information should be filled in by the filing subject, and no institution or individual should use the filing results for publicity or other purposes. In addition, in the public information of some network platforms and the publicity of relevant promotion personnel of Guojin Public Chain, Guojin Public Chain has established various cooperative relationships with many government departments and organizations all over the country, and has entered some grass-roots governments for speeches and exchanges. The picture shows that Guojin Public Chain walked into Daqiao Town, Nanbu County, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, and made a speech to reporters. The company also established contact or cooperation with Inspur Group, Taobao, China Radio and Television Federation, Tianjin Jizhou District People's Government, Chengdu Jinjiang District and other sectors. However, is the high-profile national financial chain really reliable? Is pyramid selling a "marginal ball"? "We have done so many projects before, all of which are dead on policy risk. We can do it with confidence and boldness in Guojin Public Chain." In the WeChat communication group of Guojin Public Chain, some promoters said that their projects "make money quickly in the future" and "push boldly". At the same time, Guojin Public Chain has also been promoted on many network platforms, and said that it has developed more than ten side chains, including the national data chain, the national online commodity database, the direct procurement chain, the government chain, the agriculture security chain, and the phantom chain, covering social networking, e-commerce, supply chain, government affairs, medical care, agriculture, 5G and other fields, and has taken the lead in enabling the innovative development of China's real industries. In 2020, Guojin Public Chain will focus on the three core modules of "people on the chain", "things on the chain" and "behavior on the chain", and upgrade the theory and path of the blockchain enabling entity industry, which will promote the blockchain enabling entity industry to enter the era of "internal driving force". According to the marketing personnel of Guojin Public Chain to People's Daily Online, Guojin Public Chain has adopted a multi-level promotion mode. Taking the Guojin GMT Value Ecological Privilege Chain Project (hereinafter referred to as GMT) as an example, the project defines each entrant as a "co builder". Each entrant has a QR code or link registration shared by the "superior". The "co builder" is bound to the hierarchical relationship of the national data chain at the same time of real name authentication. According to its marketing staff, the project is divided into six stages in the promotion: the first stage is to build a global shopping mall to attract more users; In the second stage, create a data portrait privilege card, which is divided into six levels. With the improvement of the level, you can enjoy better services, such as one discount, two discounts, and even VIP services; The third stage is the optimization of ecological franchisees, increasing the layout of GMT ecology in the field of technology and planning, and assisting ecological franchisees with the blockchain plus optimized business model; In the fourth stage, data profiling financial services, according to the data profiling quality of individuals or businesses+behavioral value, score LTS (GMT's on chain behavioral data contribution value) to obtain credit services from cooperative financial institutions; In the fifth stage, the urban node service center will be stationed in the first and second tier cities nationwide to serve all offline businesses; In the sixth stage, Guojin GMT University Park, from freshman year to senior year internship, all data and behaviors are recorded on the blockchain, improving the whole China's understanding of blockchain. At the same time, GMT adopts the mode of "token economy". According to the quality of input data and the frequency of use, users can get different numbers of LTS rewards. In addition, LTS can be obtained by registering, promoting, viewing advertisements, sharing and forwarding in GMT, so that users can communicate their data value assets. In addition, the GMT project issued 3 billion GMT certificates to benchmark 100% of the equity of the GMT project. It claims that every income of the company is closely related to the co builders, and participation is the shareholder. The profit of GMT adopts the 3+1 mode of GMT super acceleration plan. Among them, "3" refers to 9 yuan of global shopping mall pipeline revenue, 399 yuan of gift package pipeline revenue and city center node pipeline revenue; "1" means "GMT token super value model". Members will enjoy different "privileges" at different levels in the system according to the different fees they pay, and the rewards they receive after recommending others to join the project will also be divided into different levels. The details of the membership system are as follows: in the above 3+1 model, the three benefit "channels" represented by "3" are also divided into different levels. For example, according to the promotion staff's introduction of the 9 yuan global shopping mall pipeline revenue, users can be divided into 9 levels according to the number of new team members, and the number of people and corresponding rewards and commissions will gradually increase. The number of first level corresponding teams is 100, and 40% points difference award can be obtained; The number of the highest nine level corresponding teams is 25600, which can obtain 160% points difference award. At the same time, when there are 25600 people in each of the three channels, they will become the "perfect team" and enjoy the global C-level dividend. The benefits of gift package channel of RMB 399 are: in general, the higher the level of "co builders", the larger the development team, and the more benefits they will get. For example, in the promotion of 399 yuan gift channel revenue (see the figure above), the user level is divided into 11 levels according to the number of team members, and the corresponding gift channel revenue (GNB) increases in turn. The lowest number of first level gift channel teams is 4-9, the gift channel revenue is 20 yuan, the highest number of 11 levels is more than 50000, and the gift channel revenue is 100 yuan. If A is the superior of B, the A level is 5, the number of gift package pipeline team is 350, and the corresponding income of gift package pipeline is 75 yuan; Level B is Level 4, the number of gift package pipeline team is 150, and the corresponding income of gift package pipeline is 70 yuan. Then, if B promotes a gift package of 399 yuan, B will get 70 yuan of income from the corresponding gift package channel, and A will get 5 yuan of income difference of the corresponding level, that is, 75 yuan to 70 yuan (if A and B are in the same level, B will get all the income, and A will get 0). "It is the idea of direct marketing, which can run without blockchain." An internal employee of Guojin Public Chain told the reporter that although the actual business of Guojin Public Chain is developing blockchain technology, the business logic is not closely related to blockchain. The employee said that there was a legal affairs committee within the public chain of Guojin that had a special understanding of the legal nature of pyramid selling, and "every project legal affairs should go through" and "play the legal sidelines". In addition, many private chain businesses are also subsidiaries, which are self operated and the profits belong to. "GMT's equity token is equivalent to 'issuing coins', but from the perspective of blockchain technology alone, most blockchain scenarios do not need to issue coins at all. What they are doing has nothing to do with the blockchain, and the main chain and side chain claimed in the promotion are all words. " Wang Zhong (not his real name), director of a university's blockchain technology and application research center, told the People's Daily Online reporter that blockchain technology start-ups usually start from a fixed point, a fixed user group, and at the initial stage, it is unlikely that all people can be users. Wang Zhong said that some people related to Guojin Public Chain tried to communicate with him and claimed that they were an open source project, "but the source code is a state secret and cannot be released, which is ridiculous. For the public chain, only with the source code can we achieve multi participation." For the multi-level promotion of some side chains of Guojin Public Chain, a lawyer from a Beijing law firm said, This mode is suspected of pyramid selling. "Whether it is pyramid selling or not depends mainly on the profit model. If it attracts people, or if there are products but the products have no value or are falsely high in value, it can be considered as pyramid selling. The number of multi-level personnel suspected of pyramid selling and the amount of money brought by the products are related to conviction and sentencing." The lawyer said that the original pyramid selling did not have product circulation, Some MLM organizations design a class of products in the name of making money. However, these products are often of false high value or virtual, without market value, or even used to beautify the way of pyramid selling, and are "shelled" as a reason for non pyramid selling when investigated by law enforcement departments such as public security. This website will continue to track and report the follow-up progress of Guojin Public Chain. (At the request of the interviewer, Gao Yang and Wang Zhong are pseudonyms in the article)
2020-09-11 09:52
Survey on our website: "Heart to heart training" platform "late night service" is seriously involved in pornography Every late night, Huang Ting opens the Bing Peilian APP, and the message "Ding Ding Ding" rings ceaselessly. When she clicks open, most people ask if she has "late night service". Huang Ting is not surprised by this kind of hidden language, but she can't help cursing. After she quit her stable job a year ago and became a sparring trainer on the competition platform, she often received harassing messages from "players" with provocative and explicit language. Bixin sparring is a game sparring platform. At present, there are more than 30 million game player users nationwide, and more than 3 million platform certified game sparring gods. Among them, nearly 1.5 million people have earned income through game skill sharing. They have received investment from IDG Capital, and Shanghai Netfish Cafe invested by Wang Sicong's Putsi Capital is also a shareholder. However, a survey by a reporter on People's Daily Online found that some female trainers, under the command of the gang behind the scenes, actively peddle "late night services" to "players", mainly video chat and sex services. The female trainer chatted naked on WeChat, her language was flirtatious and explicit (the picture was a live screenshot), and the video of "late night service" was naked. Xu Huiwei, the trainer, was always busy "soliciting customers" on the platform. The guests were called "bosses" by her. She usually lurks on the matchmaking platform and takes the initiative to chat up male players. Sometimes players also take the initiative to ask her if she is "late night service". She priced herself 188 yuan/20 minutes for naked video chat, and 388 yuan/20 minutes for appearance. She repeatedly promised that in the video naked chat between the two sides, the boss could verify whether the performance was real through voice communication and command. "I receive many such lists every day. If it is a liar, the customer must report on the platform." To verify that it is not a liar, she sent a screenshot of the customer's WeChat. The picture shows that after the two people communicated by voice, the customer paid her 200 yuan and 188 yuan twice. The reporter of People's Daily Online contacted two female trainers on the company training platform. After WeChat payment, the two women sent videos on their own initiative. In the video, they speak provocative language while doing indecent actions. At first, Chen Wei was just a game trainer. A strange man actively contacted her on the competition training platform and asked her if she would do the video chat business, and was recommended by customers. She didn't refuse because she didn't show her face and it was easy to earn money. "We all have bosses behind the scenes. They recommend them to my customers. The price is 150 yuan and 140 yuan, and they draw 40 yuan and 50 yuan." Chen Qing is one of the gang commanders behind the scenes. She sends pictures of women from all over the country in her circle of friends every day, and writes suggestive words such as "Welcome to Nanjing" and "I have everything you like". She has been lurking in the game platform for half a year, and is platinum level 4. According to her introduction, she provides female trainers with services, including night package and fast food, with prices of 5000 yuan and 2500 yuan respectively. She has repeatedly guaranteed that she can provide services throughout the country. Customers will choose people through photos and pay when they are satisfied. After asking for the reporter's address on People's Daily Online, Chen Qing took the initiative to send pictures of two women, asked if she was satisfied, and said she could arrange someone at any time. However, she claimed that the hotel was unsafe. Customers could go to the girl's home, and the girl had to pay a deposit of 100 yuan in advance to go to the customer's home. If she was dissatisfied, she could also guarantee the girl's round-trip fare. Screenshot of WeChat chat: Chen Qing promises to provide nationwide services, and the customer satisfaction payment companion training platform has been reported because of Yellow River. On the Black Cat complaint platform, a player placed an order twice in the competition, one price was 40 yuan/hour, the other 160 yuan/hour, but the trainer sent him a yellow video via WeChat. "I thought the video content was too disgusting, so I hung up directly." Zhu Yan, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, said that the trainer's online dissemination of pornographic information was suspected to constitute the crime of illegal use of information networks and the crime of spreading pornographic materials. The network platform can not timely manage the pornographic information spread within the platform, and the network service provider is suspected of constituting the crime of refusing to perform the obligation of information network security management. If users and service providers who participate in offline sexual transactions through online contact, they are suspected to constitute the crime of luring, sheltering or introducing others to prostitution under the Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Penalties for Public Security. "The pornographic problem in the playing field is very serious." Wang Qin, the female trainer, said that there are online and offline references to Huang. Online is during the live broadcast of the game, and the female trainer is exposed in the live broadcast through implicit hints or anchors. Offline, it mainly depends on the relationship between the trainer and the player. It's hard to say what happened to the two offline players. After all, it's hard to define whether they are involved in pornography or not. Not only adults, but also minors, are not the only ones lurking in the heart beating practice. Huang Ting once received a list of the King's Glory Games on the competition platform. The "boss" was a 13-year-old boy. "I listened to his childish voice and specifically asked him how old he was. He said he was 13 years old and still a student at school." She didn't have the heart to accept his order after completing the order. Huang Ting is at the level of God in the competition platform. The price of a single order is 19 yuan, which is close to 30 yuan. She wondered where the boy's order money came from and why he was able to log in to the Bixin Peilian Platform. "He may play games with an adult mobile phone." The Bixin Peilian Platform has a youth mode. This mode reminds that in order to protect the healthy growth of minors, the platform specially introduces the youth mode, in which some functions cannot be used normally. The supervisor should take the initiative to select and set the monitoring password. Huang Ting said that the competition training platform is dominated by adults, who are mainly social practitioners and college students, each accounting for half. There are also many junior and senior high school students mixed in the platform, but these people often live in low price consumption areas. According to the data of the first quarter of 2020 released by Bexin Peilian, the game Peilian God has increased more than 1.02 million people in the past single quarter, and the cumulative registered users have exceeded 30 million. According to the data of the 2019 White Paper on Game Companion Training, the average age of game players is 23.27 years old, and 2/3 of them are post-95. "Some sparring platforms do not strictly review the age of players." Wang Qin said that when she first engaged in the playing industry, there were not many minor players, but now the number is increasing. The female trainer released seductive videos in her circle of friends, hoping that customers would take orders. "Eighty percent of the games are aimed at teenagers between the ages of 14 and 22. There are strong or weak sexual connotations in the play industry, which has a very bad impact on the mental health of teenagers." Fan Jingren, the founder of Beijing Xin'an Exploration Psychological Consultation, said. He believes that adolescent boys have a natural sense of curiosity about sex. As female trainers increase their game experience, they are also very attractive to teenagers, which not only makes them have the habit of extravagant consumption, but also makes online practice possible to turn to offline dating, which will undoubtedly lead to early love, early sex and other problems. In addition, the main force of the game industry is the junior and senior high school students, who are addicted to games and divorced from reality, which is likely to lead to academic neglect. Frustration in learning further deepens the sense of self defeat, which may cause incalculable losses to future social and family life. Qi Haifeng, a psychological consultant from Zhonghe Psychological Consultation Studio, believes that teenagers can easily materialize the opposite sex by communicating with the opposite sex online through pictures, sounds, videos and other ways, and evaluate and communicate with the opposite sex in terms of beauty, body and other aspects from a single dimension, which not only causes teenagers to misunderstand the concept of love and marriage, but also foreshadows sexual crimes. "I don't know what their private transactions are." Wang Qin, a female trainer, said that on the game practice platform, game skills were not important, while sweet voice and beautiful appearance were the most important bargaining indicators. This is the same as the anchor industry. The higher the popularity, the higher the price of accompaniment. The company training industry under the pursuit of capital urgently needs to be supervised. The predecessor of the company training platform is Fish Bubble. At that time, the online project of Fish Bubble included 12 categories and 43 sub items, and games and voice optimization accounted for the vast majority of projects. The game is divided into online and offline games, covering current popular games, including League of Heroes, King Glory, Jedi Survival and many other games. Voice actors include waking up, sleeping and chatting. In addition, Fish Bubble has also extended to the pan entertainment category, introducing offline dining, karaoke, love consulting and other skills sharing. Bixin Peilian Platform was established in 2014 (Yuanyu Paopao APP). At the beginning of 2019, Bixin Peilian removed functions such as emotional consultation and canceled offline game Peilian services. Enterprise investigation data shows that Bixin Peilian has obtained two rounds of financing, and obtained IDG's round A financing of tens of millions of dollars in 2018. Angel Wheel received an investment of 50 million yuan from the fishnet cafe, and Wang Sicong's Pusi Capital is the investor of the fishnet cafe. Previously, Wang Sicong had been the "platform" for the company training platform. He set the price of company training for himself at 666 yuan/hour, making him the most expensive person in the field of game company training. Accompanied training industry has also risen rapidly under the influence of capital. In 2019, Taobao launched the "Taobao Peilian" channel, and then tentacle, tiger teeth, and fighting fish launched the Peilian business. The industry competition entered the stage of competition between giants. Du Mingjiang, vice president of Beside Training, once said that game practice has become a new "10 billion market". Fan Jingren said that with the rapid development of the game industry and the rapid increase in the number of game players, "playing with others" has become a fashion. In essence, the game accompaniment, like bar accompaniment and KTV accompaniment, is nothing more than improving the user's consumption experience accompanied by the opposite sex. If the number of people experiencing it increases, corresponding supporting services will naturally appear. The Nanchang Evening News once reported that some users used the probing platform to publish online information about soliciting prostitutes, and users involved in pornography published the Wechat and QQ numbers of soliciting prostitutes on their avatars and signatures to induce users to add. In the same year, Probing APP was required to be taken off the shelf by relevant departments due to the dissemination of pornographic and other illegal information. As early as 2016, the Ministry of Culture issued the 25th batch of investigation and punishment list of illegal Internet cultural activities, and many online live broadcasting platforms, such as Douyu, Tiger Teeth Live, YY, were included in the investigation and punishment list because they were suspected of providing Internet cultural products that promote obscenity, violence, instigate crime, and endanger social morality. In the following year, the Beijing Municipal Cyberspace Office, the Public Security Bureau, and the Municipal Cultural Market Administrative Law Enforcement Corps jointly interviewed Today's Headlines, Volcano Live Broadcast, and Pepper Live Broadcast, investigated and dealt with the above websites for illegal provision of pornographic content, and ordered them to rectify within a time limit. This year, the National Cyberspace Office, together with relevant departments, conducted a comprehensive inspection of the content ecology of 31 major webcast platforms in China. Ten webcast platforms had problems in spreading vulgar content, and were interviewed according to law. The person in charge of the Department of Culture and Market of the Ministry of Culture once said that there were two types of violations of the online live broadcasting platform investigated and dealt with. One was that the live broadcasting platform for performing arts provided online performances containing content that publicized obscenity, pornography and harmed social morality. Some "anchors" sexually teased and hinted through body and language, and there were violations such as "flash" and "saumai". The female trainer posted a cryptic message on the Beside Training Platform and said that "I think the main thing is to attract people to go out." Wang Qin said that in the early development of the game platform, the phenomenon of pornography was quite common, and some platforms employed part-time personnel to lure other players to download software under the guise of pornography. A well-known social platform staff said that some game platforms and companies are in the financing and start-up stages. If internal and external supervision becomes stricter, user growth will slow down and revenue will decline. Some vulgar content appears on social platforms, which also turns a blind eye. "No one can guarantee anything when the interests are at the top of the list." Chen Wei's account for "late night service" has been sealed. Chen Wei said that she was trying to attract customers on the Companion Training Platform. Because she talked too much, her account could not be logged in, but she and her former customers had moved to other social platforms, and she was not worried about no customers. Wang Qin believes that in the live broadcast industry, the anchor may be banned due to inappropriate words and exposed clothing, but this fear does not exist in the play industry. The trainer can say some provocative words and sexual hints on the platform everywhere. Zhu Yan believes that in recent years, electronic games have become increasingly popular, and game playing services have become a popular industry for investors while meeting users' needs for in-depth social interaction. However, the game playing industry has the attribute of difficult Internet supervision, which may breed various forms of criminal acts in the barbaric growth period, such as prostitution, fraud, intimidation, gambling, smuggling Extortion and other illegal and criminal activities. In his opinion, there are many interfaces in the game playing industry, which makes it difficult to track. The online connection between users and service providers is one-on-one, and when using secret language in the transaction process, pornographic content is hidden under legal transactions, while the sparring platform may not have a good effect on keyword shielding. Off line, both parties play games in private places, which also increases the difficulty for the public security organs to investigate and deal with. "The problem of pornography on Internet platforms is as difficult to eradicate as cockroaches." Xue Jun, vice president of the School of Law of Peking University, said that the biggest challenge faced by supervision was the large number of yellow river related cases, the hidden illegal acts and the difficulty of effective market supervision. "At present, the toy industry market is too small to attract the attention of the regulatory authorities." Wang Jin said that with the further development of the online game market, the accompaniment and game industry may be jointly regulated. Zhu Yan said that from the perspective of national supervision, law enforcement departments such as public security, online communications, industry and commerce, and judicial departments such as procuratorates and courts are linked to crack down on the Yellow River related issues from both law enforcement and justice levels. At present, the public security department has taken relevant net operation, and has maintained a high pressure on combating cyber crime and pornography related issues. He also said that according to the provisions of the Electronic Commerce Law, e-commerce operators have the obligation to prevent online crimes on the platform, and the platform party should be the first person responsible for supervising and regulating pornographic content on the network platform. Since the network platform manager knows the relevant content released by the platform, once someone is engaged in online criminal activities on the platform, he should timely handle them according to law and report to the relevant departments. In addition, the industry association can also restrict the operators of suspected illegal network platforms and related services by formulating industry access agreements, formulating industry rules, establishing industry integrity lists and other ways. Wang Jin believes that the artificial intelligence identification technology for pornographic content in the live broadcast industry is relatively mature now. Once the technology is introduced into the play industry, it will also have some effect on solving the pornographic problem of the practice platform. (Huang Ting, Xu Huiwei, Chen Wei and Wang Qin are pseudonyms in the article)
2020-08-20 15:57
Reporter observation: those "village waiters" who fled from rural Taobao After three years of "escaping" from rural Taobao in Tancheng County, Shandong Province, Zhang Le was filled with reluctance, frustration and disappointment when he looked at the white logo of rural Taobao in the mobile phone photos again. This shop has changed its owner two times. It was first transferred to relatives and then handed over to fellow villagers until it was closed. This is his first stop after graduation. In 2014, three years before he ran rural Taobao, Alibaba launched the "Thousand Counties and Ten Thousand Villages Plan", saying that in the next three to five years, it would invest 10 billion yuan, establish 1000 county level operation centers and 100000 village level service stations, and cooperate with the government to comprehensively establish a rural e-commerce system. At that time, rural Taobao was "bustling". Young people in rural areas enthusiastically signed up to become a "village waiter". The provincial, municipal and county governments also provided special financial subsidies for rural Taobao, and even provided free operation sites. "Rural Taobao is not only a canteen, but also a member of the new retail system. It may monopolize the rural consumer goods market in the future." The village leader was trying to persuade him. Now Zhang Le doesn't think so. The rural Taobao shop that Zhang Le once ran has been "transformed" into a snack department. In his opinion, because of poor rural consumption capacity, "village waiters" earn less, and rural Taobao directly "transformed" into a snack department, which is also the main profit model of rural Taobao. For agricultural products entering the city, it is difficult to sell them to the city because it is difficult to form a brand and competitiveness. "This is just a gimmick." Like Zhang Le's "escape" from rural Taobao, some "village waiters" in Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Hebei and other provinces also left under the pressure of business. The rural Taobao that "escaped" from Zhang Le's family is located in Nianli Village, Tancheng Town, Linyi City, Shandong Province, which is known as "the granary in southern Shandong", the hometown of Chinese ginkgo and the hometown of Chinese willow. The village is crisscrossed by paths, far away from the bustle and noise of the city, quiet and peaceful. Now, the "rural Taobao" near the village has already changed the lintel. There are about 100 villages in Tancheng County, and each village has a rural Taobao service station. Zhang Le is responsible for one of them. The rural Taobao service station in his photo looks like a rural snack bar. From the perspective of indoor display, most of the indoor displays are thermal cups, children's toys, paper towels and other daily necessities. Zhang Le said that rural Taobao helps villagers send and receive express delivery, which has also become the main source of profit for shopkeepers. In his village Taobao shop, mosquito repellent incense, detergent and soap sold best. He said that the countryside is a family living together, and the necessities of life are naturally easy to sell, but other types of goods are rare. "People in the countryside are economical, and things that are not bad will not be replaced." Chai Junjie, Changxing Village, Mei County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, once did rural Taobao for half a year. In his opinion, the villagers are all over 40 years old. They usually take care of their children in the village. Not only do they have no online shopping habits, but many do not even have mobile phones. Everyone goes to the grocery store to shop. "After sales service of household appliances is difficult, and no one in the village buys them." Li Jin, a former rural Taobao shopkeeper in Sichuan, said that the sales of household appliances were low at ordinary times, and when the products met problems, he would call him. He said that he would find after-sales service, and the other party would make trouble, and he had to refund. The refund accounted for one third. Zhang Le calculated an account. In 2016, rural Taobao provided more than 2000 yuan of subsidies for shopkeepers, plus 1000 yuan for sending and receiving express delivery, 1000 yuan for commission, and 1000 yuan for selling products. As rural Taobao operated at its own home, it saved rent and earned more than 5000 yuan a month. However, the upgrading of rural Taobao has doubled the pressure on shopkeepers to operate. In June 2017, Alibaba upgraded the business model of rural Taobao to "three connections", that is, system connection, commodity connection and service connection, formally integrating the commodities and businesses in rural Taobao into the big Taobao system. "The upgrade of rural Taobao is not a success, but the resources were robbed by Taobao." Zhang Le said that after the rural Taobao APP was taken off the shelves, the home version of rural Taobao officially launched was integrated with mobile Taobao, but it was difficult for villagers to find the entrance to rural Taobao, and it was not as convenient as the Taobao platform. By 2018, the profit of Zhang Le's rural Taobao shop had been cut from 5000 to 6000. "Some rural Taobao rented on the busy main road in the village, unable to bear the high rent, and closed down in succession." He also chose to give up rural Taobao. Fu Qian from Longmen Township, Hebei Province, who is worried about her own life, feels the same way. She originally wanted to sell agricultural products through the rural Taobao platform, but found that only rural people were allowed to buy goods, which was free of charge to promote rural Taobao in the countryside. "At that time, rural Taobao publicized that the local government gave certain funds and project support. Now, this is empty talk." In 2014, Alibaba convened the secretaries and county heads of 176 counties and cities in 26 provinces across the country, and held a "county head conference". One of the important topics is how to develop and strengthen county e-commerce. A rural Taobao shop in Guangdong. Gao Hongbing, vice president of Alibaba Research Institute, once said that rural e-commerce has a broad development prospect. By developing rural Taobao and recruiting relevant partners for Alibaba, it can enhance farmers' concept of Internet rural e-commerce, and also improve the e-commerce concept of relevant leaders. Taobao in rural areas was once in full swing. Zhang Le said that when the village leader persuaded him at that time, he said that you are educated and have seen the world in big cities. Rural Taobao is not only a shop, including online and offline, but also a member of the new retail system. It may monopolize the rural consumer goods market in the future. "The provincial, municipal and county governments also provide special financial subsidies for rural Taobao, and even provide free operation sites." Zhang Le was deeply moved. He said that for the government, they pay more attention to rural Taobao to help agricultural products enter the city, not only to boost the economy and become rich in rural areas, but also to keep talents in rural areas to prevent rural hollowing out. It is not easy for agricultural products to enter cities. Li Jin introduced that agricultural products launched on rural Taobao should first take photos and submit applications, then someone should check and review, and finally agricultural products launched. At that time, he made several product launch applications, but he never got a reply. Zhang Le said that in order to ensure quality control, Taobao has set the threshold for the rural Taobao management team, which not only needs to pay the deposit, but also has a professional team to operate the products and brands. However, the reporter of People's Daily Online searched for "rural Taobao" on Taobao, and the page he entered was "Hema Xiansheng Flagship Store", so he could not find the official website of rural Taobao. However, rural Taobao can be accessed directly on the PC. "After the upgrading of rural Taobao, the agricultural products are still in the online mode of Taobao." Wu Lian, investment manager of Shenzhen Venture Capital, said. If the quality of agricultural products is high, they can be sold on Taobao platform, and rural Taobao has lost its value. Wu Lian believes that, on the surface, agricultural products are very attractive to enter the city, but agricultural products inevitably compete with professional products, which is very easy to lose. The Shanghai Rural Market Research Group has investigated the market competitiveness of agricultural products. Zhang Juying, the person in charge, said that the agricultural products produced by rural workshops are generally not competitive, and the agricultural products under the banner of poverty alleviation are more expensive than the regular products on the market. The buyers have a public welfare mentality, and the brand is difficult to grow. "The most direct role of rural Taobao is to" transform "into a canteen, which is the profit model of rural Taobao." Wu Lian said that the small Taobao stores in rural areas are set up in rural areas, and the purchasing power in rural areas is limited, so the model of the canteen is difficult to succeed. Yang Boming, the chief partner of COSCO Capital, also believes that there are problems with the business model of rural Taobao. With the joint support of Internet giants and capital, the sinking market has become a hot spot for e-commerce platforms from the past. The battle started online. Since Pinduoduo's emergence, around March 2018, Taobao launched a special price version of Taobao, and JD launched the JD Pinduoduo, which has not been valued for many years, to directly benchmark Pinduoduo, which has made a lot of profits from the sinking market. Subsidence market competition is flourishing offline. As early as a few years ago, the old "enemies" of e-commerce giants Ali and JD turned their attention here and started a round of "battle" for e-commerce in this "virgin land" that has not yet been reclaimed. In 2013, rural Taobao was a strategic project launched by Alibaba Group. The next year, Jingdong began to build a "Jingdong Gang service store", and various stores beginning with the word "Jingdong" appeared in some small city blocks from time to time. At the end of 2016, JD Group announced that it had 1731 stores, covering 25000 towns and 450000 administrative villages, and its sales accounted for 30% of the whole JD Group's consumer electronics category. Rural Taobao is more crazy. In 2017, rural Taobao has covered 29 provinces, nearly 700 counties, nearly 30000 village service stations, and a rural service system with nearly 60000 people. Li Shaohua, general manager of Alibaba's Rural Business Department, said in an interview with the media that by May 31, 2019, rural Taobao would cover 1300 counties nationwide, covering more than 80% of the market of county consumers. In Yang Boming's view, Alibaba's market segment is huge. For Pinduoduo, its internal Juhuasuan and Taobao are also selling cheaply, thus attracting users in the sinking market. But its brand image is not prominent, unlike Pinduoduo, which specializes in sinking markets. According to the report "Insight into Online Shopping Trends of Consumers in the Sinking Market 2019" released by Analysys International, 72.4% of the active users of Pinduoduo APP use Taobao at the same time. The Internet survey conducted by the digital economy think tank DE Thinktank shows that 79.8% of Pinduoduo core users are using Taobao - the growth bonus period of Pinduoduo and the so-called "dislocation competition" pattern of Taobao has ended. Villagers in Yang Boming's hometown prefer Pinduoduo, and Suning shop is more recognized offline. He said that for Taobao platform, villagers have the ability to use mobile Internet and can choose a variety of e-commerce platforms without being affected offline. He believes that rural Taobao has a wide layout, but it can not compete with online Pinduo, which is a severe test for Ali system, and also shows that rural Taobao's understanding of the sinking market is not very realistic. A rural Taobao shop run by a "village waiter" in Guangdong. Zhang Le also had an "unrealistic" idea. Before he opened rural Taobao in the village, he dreamed of setting up a factory to reprocess agricultural products in the village and sell them to big cities. Because of the high cost, he could not stop, but with the persuasion and support of local leaders, he became a member of the thousands of rural Taobao. He decided to use rural Taobao as a springboard for entrepreneurship. McKinsey and Morgan Stanley predict that by 2030, China's personal consumption will grow from 29.6 trillion yuan in 2016 to 65.3 trillion yuan, with more than 66% of the growth coming from the sinking market. Rural Taobao was once called by Alibaba as the most sensitive antenna to change the countryside. Rural e-commerce includes the two-way circulation of industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to the city, and for rural areas, the significance of e-commerce should lie in the upward movement of agricultural products. In the opinion of Du Feng in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, rural Taobao basically failed to bring rural products into the city. Local agricultural products are mainly fruits and vegetables, with poor fresh-keeping ability. Some small workshops can't go online on Taobao because they don't have complete procedures. Unless rural Taobao is completely liberalized, some subsidies are given to agricultural products, or the review standards for rural products go online are lowered, and better page support is needed, it will be empty talk. "Rural Taos have more utility than commercial value in local government relations." Zhang Juying said that for the sinking market, the market has no purchasing power and good products, and the rural economy is difficult to develop, so rural Taobao still needs to be implemented in the industry. Li Mingtao, the chief expert of China International E-Commerce Center, said that the most direct problem faced by rural Taobao was the operation of online stores. The offline online stores rooted in rural areas gradually expanded their business scope, such as financial services and express collection, but it was still difficult to fully match the sustainability of such services with the cost of outlets. In short, the site operation cost is too high. Li Mingtao believes that one of the development methods of rural Taobao service stations is to achieve diversification. In the process of development and operation, rural stations should maintain development diversification, without fixed and unified decoration, but can be flexible in form and reduce costs according to the surrounding environment. In addition, rural Taobao service stations can be connected to the Internet to gather scattered demands and produce large-scale effects, so as to realize the sustainable operation of rural Taobao outlets. In his opinion, nowadays, rural Taobao has gone from 1.0 to 2.0, and then developed to 3.0. The operation theme has changed from the initial retail style to the main body supporting college students to return home and start their own businesses. If it is only guided by the villagers' shopping needs, it is not enough to support the operation of outlets. "A large number of rural Taobao do have operating difficulties." Hong Tao, a professor at Beijing Technology and Business University, said that Taobao's advantages online and opening physical stores in the sinking market may not be advantageous. If online and offline can not be integrated as a whole, omni channel can not be achieved. Hong Tao believes that if Taobao can achieve all channels, all elements, integration and the whole chain, it will be very advantageous. If it is just a small store in rural Taobao, or a chain store in the style of supply and marketing cooperatives, or a chain supermarket in rural areas, it will obviously have no advantage. To develop physical stores in rural areas, we still need to take the road of "one store for multiple purposes". If the transaction volume per square meter of stores cannot reach a certain quantity value, the result will be a loss. Huang Wei, a logistics provider in a certain place in Northeast China, does not think that rural Taobao has a broad market. He said that on line, shopkeepers choose to sell goods with high commission, and the commission is about 10%, which makes the profits of agricultural product distributors drop again and again. Instead, it is better to supply food markets and farmers' markets at the county level. He is more inclined to think that Alibaba intends to spread its rural market first, occupy the offline market, and then distribute its rookies to the whole country, perhaps because it has greater retail ambitions. The rural Taobao side denied that some "village waiters" had reduced their income after the upgrade of rural Taobao in 2017, their business model was questioned, it was difficult for agricultural products to enter the city, and it was mainly to build government relations. (At the request of the interviewer, Zhang Le, Chai Junjie, Li Jin, Du Feng, and Huang Wei are all pseudonyms in the article) [Recommended reading] Personal data transaction "grey Jianghu": behind the battle of a 360 IOU data for only 3 cents, the Internet monopoly changes, behind the trial: Shunfeng's obsession and anxiety
2020-07-02 09:00
Behind the group meal test: Shunfeng's obsession and anxiety During the epidemic, the staff of Shunfeng Water Testing Enterprise provided group meal delivery service, and catering enterprises such as Texas, Pizza Hut, Xibei Youmian Village, Wangxiangyuan settled in the "Fengshi" small program. Although Shunfeng said that its original intention was to solve the dining problem of its internal employees, it still caused various guesses from the media and industry people. There is a view in the market that after occupying the leading position in the express delivery market, Shunfeng has been committed to the development of an integrated logistics and supply chain ecological model. This time, it tried to provide local life services and water related B end takeout again, which is the performance of its attempt to pursue higher marginal income on the basis of its inherent advantages. Is Wang Wei, who has already achieved fame and is in his 50s, really ready to launch another competition in the local life service market? Is Shunfeng firing a fake shot, or is he doing exercises before the "war"? The wild hope in the life service market "It is not the ultimate fate of Shunfeng to sell labor to move goods." In 2015, Wang Wei said in the article "Shunfeng Wang Wei's Latest Reflection: Facing the Challenge of Innovation Road". At that time, Wang Wei has led Shunfeng to launch a series of reform measures in 2014, develop new value-added services, put forward the "Hey guest" business model, enter the community O2O, launch e-commerce convenience products such as e-commerce speed matching, e-commerce special offers, Shunfeng small boxes, business alliance benefits, green channels, and layout the "overseas shopping" business...... Wang Wei said frankly in reflection, Half of these innovations failed. Wang Wei, who founded Shunfeng in 1993, has always led Shunfeng to challenge the "ultimate destiny" in the life service market while creating a "big brother" in the express delivery field. Previously, Shunfeng launched e-commerce "E Business District", fresh food platform "Shunfeng First", O2O community "Hey Shop", invested in Fengchao Express Cabinets, and created "intra city express delivery" business, all of which reflect Wang Wei's commitment to the local life market. Since October 2019, when it announced the independent operation of the "intra city express delivery" business, SF has extended its real-time logistics to catering, supermarket, fresh food, clothing, medicine, luxury goods and other fields. Shunfeng's involvement in B-end takeout this time is to see the demand for food enterprises to build their own takeout channels. "The strong network transportation system and enough basic customer groups make the threshold for SF to enter the takeout industry very low, which can be said to be within reach." Guo Yuxuan, an industry observer, is not surprised that Shunfeng is fond of the life service market and will enter the takeout business in the future. Guo Yuxuan analyzed that for Shunfeng, the threshold and marginal cost of takeout are low, but the marginal revenue is high. This water trial has a clear strategic positioning, and the focus is on the development of the B-end market through dislocation competition. Over the past two decades, with the continuous fission of the Internet industry, as well as the impact of multiple factors such as consumer demand, capital, infrastructure and policies, China's life services market has grown rapidly. As a very important part of the life service market, takeout has become a phenomenon level service product. According to the prediction of iResearch, from 2017 to 2023, the average annual compound growth rate of catering takeout is expected to be 31%, and the amount of takeout transactions in 2023 is expected to be five times that of 2017. The temptation of the market cake has stimulated the "Hundred Regiments' War", a colorful story in the history of Internet venture capital, with capital and entrepreneurs streaming in. In Wang Wei's eyes, "the express industry is a relatively hard industry... If we can't liberate from the traditional mode of selling labor to make money, then SF will not be a true" transformation "success." As long as it is logically feasible, any enterprise may try to enter a new field. The life service market may be an important foothold for Shunfeng's "transformation". Anxiety about business growth. SF has been trying new businesses. Wang Yang (not his real name), an observer in the logistics industry, said when talking about Shunfeng, "I am not willing to make achievements at the moment, and I have always been quite innovative". This is related to the increasing competitive pressure in the express market and the need for self renewal of SF. Wang Wei once said frankly that the biggest problem encountered in Shunfeng's transformation is how to reduce the labor intensity of front-line employees while ensuring their income or even increasing their income in the current situation of thin profits. In fact, SF's business transformation and expansion in recent years reflect its anxiety at the level of profit, employee income and its own development. According to the 2019 China Express Development Index Report released by the State Post Office, in 2019, the average daily express handling volume of the national express enterprises exceeded 170 million, up 25.3% year on year, and the maximum daily express handling volume reached 540 million, up 28.5% year on year. The national express business volume exceeded 60 billion, with a cumulative completion of 63.52 billion, up 25.3% year on year, and the incremental scale exceeded 10 billion for two consecutive years. The revenue of express business totaled 749.78 billion yuan, an increase of 24.2% year on year, and the growth gap between volume and revenue further narrowed to 1.1% from 4.8% last year. The industry gradually shifted from a one-way drive of scale to a two-way drive of scale and efficiency. Compared with 2010, the volume of express business increased by 26.1 times and 12.0 times respectively, and the compound annual growth rate of business income was 4 times of the growth rate of GDP in the same period. On the other side of the rapid growth of revenue in China's express industry, Shunfeng, which has multiple advantages, is under the pressure of "three supplies and one delivery" in the market. Data shows that the four express companies of "three supplies and one delivery" accounted for about 60% of the express market in 2019. Although Shunfeng is the first listed express delivery company with an operating revenue exceeding 100 billion yuan, it only completed 4.821 billion pieces of business in 2019, accounting for only 7.59% of the market share. In 2010, SF's logistics business accounted for 18.8%. "The 'three supplies and one arrival' has price advantages, and their express orders have maintained a rapid growth in recent years. In addition, the single piece gross profit, gross profit rate and other data that can reflect the premium ability, the financial report of "Three Links and One Reach" is relatively good in these aspects, which are the manifestations of strong competition for SF. " Zeng contacted Shunfeng's internal operation closely (alias) and told the People's Daily Venture Channel that what impressed him most last year was that in the third quarter, the overall business volume of Shentong grew at 52.73%, Yunda at 47.00%, Zhongtong at 45.90%, Yuantong at 44.11%, Baishi at 37.90%, and Shunfeng at 31.33%. This trend has been repeated during the epidemic. With the overall improvement of epidemic prevention and control, the resumption of work and production in various industries has accelerated. The competition between SF and "three supplies and one access" deserves attention. The financial report shows that the single ticket income of SF in 2019 was 21.94 yuan, compared with 23.26 yuan in the same period of 2018, a year-on-year decline of 5.67%; The total liabilities in 2019 were 50.042 billion yuan (34.701 billion yuan in 2018), accounting for 44.6% of the total revenue of the year; The asset liability ratio was 54.08% in 2019 and 48.35% in the same period of 2018. On the other hand, SF's traditional business volume is under pressure, because the proportion of new business in the overall operating income has increased. SF's supply chain business revenue in 2019 was 4.918 billion yuan, compared with only 400 million yuan in the same period last year, a sharp increase of 11.28 times. The overall revenue excluding tax of cold transport and pharmaceutical business was 5.094 billion yuan, up 32.54% year on year, down from 84.9% in 2018. "Shunfeng certainly has the pressure brought by the decline of traditional business. In addition, Xiaomi, Pinduoduo and others mentioned in their 2019 financial reports that they should build their own logistics. There is no" moat "for traditional express business, and there is still room for new fortresses and positions." Wang Yang believes that Shunfeng's ability to become "the first brother of express delivery" shows its advantages in aviation, international transportation, technical equipment and intelligent transformation. It is a good choice to use these advantages to create a new situation. In Zhang's opinion, in terms of express business, Shunfeng's most noticeable competitors are Jingdong and Pinduoduo. JD Logistics has created a very mature set of warehouse, transportation and distribution "sales supply chain" services, and goods can be directly connected to the sales place; Pinduoduo is also developing a "new logistics" technology platform to open up the whole chain of production and marketing. Inevitable competition "A relatively mature market has been formed in the field of takeout. After full competition, Shunfeng, as a spoiler, is not likely to succeed." Tension believes that doing takeout is not doing express delivery, and there are differences between the two businesses. At present, SF has formed a certain influence in the life service market. In March 2019, Shunfeng realized independent corporate operation in the same city. On October 24 of the same year, the brand of "Shunfeng Express Delivery in the Same City" was officially released. This third-party real-time logistics platform, which focuses on professional customized services, has brought convenience to McDonald's, Xicha, Haidilao, Zhenkungfu and other well-known catering businesses. In addition to providing agency services for catering distribution scenarios, Shunfeng's intra city emergency delivery business has covered catering takeout, supermarket daily use, fresh fruits and vegetables, personal goods pick-up and delivery, as well as agency shopping and errand business. The service scenario has been expanding. Compared with the traditional distribution business, the demand for real-time distribution in the same city under the business scenario is more distinctive. Shunfeng intra city express delivery has advantages in the field of business distribution. The data shows that Shunfeng's intra city business has more than 1 million orders, more than 300000 knights, and more than 200 cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen. Sun Haijin, CEO of Shunfeng in the same city, once said frankly that the differentiated approach of Shunfeng in the same city lies in that "other platforms do simple and standardized connections, and we can do N kinds of connections offline, which is the difference between us and takeout and other platforms." "B-end takeout should solve the problem of customer taste standardization. When the preferences of employees in a company are quite different, it is worth pondering how Shunfeng maximizes the satisfaction of customers' taste needs by means of "to B". " Guo Yuxuan said that whether Shunfeng can overcome this obstacle will directly determine how big the "cake" of the B-end market can be. In the interview, some people in the life service industry reminded that as the industry gradually moves towards scale and maturity, the omni channel based life service market has long gone from extensive growth to the optimization and upgrading stage, and large-scale life service integrated platforms such as Meituan Public Comments, Yelaimai, Tmall Supermarket, and Jingdong Supermarket have gradually been established, and the huge demand potential has also led to the emergence of daily delicious food Mushroom Street and other vertical platforms have formed a diversified competition pattern. They reminded that although SF has strong express delivery network and channel advantages, it will encounter various forms of competition in this field. In the group meal market, the number of leading enterprises is relatively small. According to the data released by the China Cuisine Association, by the end of 2018, the number of Chinese group meal enterprises had exceeded 100000, and the proportion of enterprises with annual income of more than 100 million yuan was only 0.1%. The report released by DCCI Internet Data Center in March this year revealed that in the takeout market, Meituan takeout and Elema were the most frequently used among users, with 67.1% of users most using Meituan takeout service and 32.2% of users most using Elema service. If we cut into the group meal market, Shunfeng will face competition with Meituan takeout and Lulemi. In the vertical field of group meal, capital enterprises and well-known Internet companies have also begun to layout. In May 2018, Xiyun International obtained the financing of Ant Financial, public praise and CDH investment of 200 million dollars; The library boxes supported by Interesting Headlines, which are mainly aimed at urban white-collar workers, also continue to make efforts; In May this year, iQIYI also set up "Beijing Greifu Catering Management Co., Ltd.". The company's business scope includes catering management, food sales, etc. It declared that the catering industry is arranged for business needs. "Shunfeng will not be the first, nor the last, if it formally enters the board. The offline catering industry as a whole is transforming to the digital direction, which is a cake of integration of the old and the new. It is different from the traditional simple delivery, and also different from the simple ERP management upgrade, with a high degree of integration. " Chen Duan, director of the China Economic Digital Economy Research Center, said that the group meal model has more intensive advantages in operating costs, but Shunfeng's accumulated advantages in this field are not obvious, and the effect of its entry needs to be seen. The Shunfeng local government recently publicly responded that the "Fengshi" project was very light, and it did not rise to the strategic level of the company itself, or even the key business of the Shunfeng local government. The next step is uncertain. In the opinion of Ouyang Guoren, a senior researcher of Beijing Reading Research Institute, "no matter which industry, many companies participate in and compete with each other, it is good for the common people." Ouyang Guoren said that Shunfeng still has certain competitive advantages, and those who stick to the old thinking should be awakened. "It turns out that you won't occupy the position until you occupy it, but in the Internet era, the idea of occupation has changed into 'although you occupy the position, you may not be able to hold it, and if I move my mind a little, you will give up the position to me'." "Don't regard the previous experience as a 'treasure'. The 'experience' you think is likely to be a 'burden'. When we enter a new field, we should have a mentality of returning to zero." Wang Wei once told the staff of Shunfeng that in the process of change, everything designed by Shunfeng is a two-way consideration, taking into account both the interests of employees and the development of the company. However, the public has higher expectations of express service enterprises. The article "Making the" Last 100 Meters "of Express Service More Convenient" published by People's Daily on June 3 reminds that express service is closely related to people's daily life. While considering economic benefits, enterprises should further improve their service level and assume more social responsibilities. This time, will Wang Wei, who has a zero mentality, squeeze into the noisy catering "Jianghu"? (At the request of the interviewer, both Zhang Li and Wang Yang are pseudonyms)
2020-06-04 09:58
Uncover the "grey Jianghu" of personal data underground transaction: a 360 debit note data is only sold for 3 cents In September 2019, the company's capital chain operated by Wang Yong had problems, and it was difficult to recover the arrears at the moment. He filled in his personal information on the mobile phone APP and lent a sum of money through 360 IOUs to solve the urgent need. 360 Debit Note is a consumer credit brand of 360 Financial Group. 360 Finance was listed on NASDAQ in 2018, and its products include 360 Debit Notes, 360 Small and Micro Loans and 360 Installments. The financial report shows that as of December 31, 2019, 360 Financial had 135 million registered users. Wang Yong had a good experience of the early stage of this online loan. He thinks that the interest rate is not high and the platform service is also good. In the meantime, although the staff of 360 Debit Notes called to urge payment, his repayment was still timely, and no unpleasant things happened to both parties. However, Wang Yong did not expect that while obtaining fast and convenient services, an invisible "black hand" was quietly reaching out to him. The information he registered on 360 IOUs was publicly sold online. In the interview and survey, the VC channel of People's Daily Online "purchased" hundreds of data of "360 IOUs" in 2019 in the name of customers. The seller named Li Gang revealed that these data were flowing out of the "360 Debit Note". The seller claimed that he could guarantee the shipment of about 30000 pieces of data every day (including "360 IOUs" data), and the minimum price of each piece was 3 cents. According to the information shown in the data, the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online randomly dialed nearly 100 users, 17 of whom confirmed that they were 360 debit note users, 33 of whom were empty numbers, and the rest of whom either hung up or denied. Since then, the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online has "purchased" another 200 "360 IOUs" data in 2020, randomly dialed 110 users, 21 of whom admitted to being 360 IOUs customers, 65 of whom failed to get through (or the prompt number was empty), and 24 of whom hung up or denied. In this regard, Li Gang explained that some people will "maliciously" apply on the platform, but the data can be filtered to ensure that there is no empty number. In the opinion of many insiders of the online loan company, the presence of an empty number or the phone owner's shutdown does not necessarily mean that the user data is unqualified. It may be that some people cannot afford to pay back the loan or do not want to pay back the loan, and some people can not resist harassment and make the phone stop or shut down. Every once in a while, Li Gang advertised his personal information in his circle of friends: "In the process of continuous delivery, the boss needs to contact..." The information he sells includes customer data of 360 IOUs. According to the official website of 360 Debit Note, 360 Debit Note is a financial technology platform for consumer loans, mainly relying on 360's data, flow and technical advantages. It is mainly used as an intermediary to connect high-quality loan customers with the loan services of financial institutions. According to the official website, 360 IOUs can accurately portray customers and analyze their repayment ability and credit ability, thus reducing the financing costs of borrowers and the analysis costs of lenders. Its assessment of consumer credit limit mainly considers credit risk, payment habits, consumption habits and other aspects. The technologies used include cloud computing, machine learning and big data. "360 debit note data has high purity and good quality, and is very popular with customers." When Li Gang recommended, he said that 360 debit note data includes real-time, overnight, fortnightly and historical data. The price of real-time data is 2 yuan, the price of overnight data is 50 cents, the weekly data is 500 yuan, and the historical data is 300 yuan. Li Gang has repeatedly guaranteed that the data of these external sales are from the internal staff of 360 Debit Notes. He can guarantee the shipment volume of about 30000 pieces (including 360 debit note data) every day. Most buyers are small and medium-sized customers. Some "customers" buy thousands of pieces at a time, and some buy tens of thousands of pieces a day. He claimed that "customers" had never reported any problems with the 360 IOU data he sold. He said that he only wanted to ship goods and never asked "customers" why they bought data. He even reminded that the data sales industry is a mixture of good and bad people, with many fraudsters, so don't buy too many at a time. After verifying the authenticity, buy in large quantities. Li Gang, the seller, said that some of the data sold were from 360 Debit Notes. Li Gang claimed to have been engaged in the loan industry. He recommended many financial platforms to the People's Daily Online venture capital channel, including promising future, mustard money, starting point finance, predestined credit, Ruyi loan, ultrafast loan, etc. "One of the most important uses of these data is for the fixed-point promotion of" 714 anti-aircraft gun "online loan companies." "714" refers to 7 or 14 days, and "anti-aircraft gun" refers to excessive "haircuts" and overdue fees. In 2019, CCTV 315 program exposed the "714 anti-aircraft guns" chaos of cash loans. Key information includes: disguised beheading, high overdue interest rates, "desperate" collection, and loan supermarkets as accomplices. On March 20, 2019, the China Internet Finance Association issued the Notice on Self inspection and Rectification of High Interest Cash Loans and Other Businesses. The notice requires that all members should carry out comprehensive self-examination on illegal businesses such as high interest cash loans, charging "beheading interest", and violent collection, and submit a self-examination report to the Mutual Finance Association before the end of March, and immediately rectify the problems found in the self-examination. Li Gang claims that most "customers" come from "anti-aircraft gun" online loan companies. "Five yuan for one piece, although the price is high, the resources are good and the conversion rate is high." He said that at present, China's control over "anti-aircraft artillery" is relatively strict, and many platforms have been transferred to Southeast Asia, but there are still a large number of small online loan companies operating privately. Li Gang said that with the support of data, a company with more than 30 people can pull about 200 new orders and borrow about 500 again a day. "This is the real feedback from a friend company". "The 'anti-aircraft gun' is a lending model with the highest cost and high income among private lending, which can accumulate high returns in the shortest time." Li De, an employee of a large online loan platform in China, said. Li De introduced that the high cost of the "anti-aircraft gun" platform is mainly reflected in two aspects, one is the flow introduction cost, and the other is the collection cost. The "anti-aircraft gun" platform places advertisements on other websites. As long as someone enters the platform registration page through the advertisement, no matter whether the loan is successful or not, they will pay the traffic fee. Generally, the cost of a single flow on the online loan platform is between 100 and 200 yuan. If the repayment needs collection, the cost is higher. Insider leak? "WeChat was too strict, and three WeChat messages were sealed one after another within a week. I think there are too many advertisements. " Li Gang, who has been in the industry for less than two years, keeps complaining about the difficulty of doing business. Since the regulatory authorities severely attacked "anti-aircraft" online lending in 2019, business has plummeted, and some "anti-aircraft" platforms have been forced to move to Southeast Asia. Li Gang said that when business was good in the past, the demand for data was in short supply, and many sellers even had the idea of "watering down" the data, adding fake data to the real data. "But you can rest assured that the data I sell is absolutely true. These are the data obtained from 360 Debit Note internal staff." "Can I verify the authenticity of the data?" "What to verify? Give you some data for trial." Then Li Gang sent an Excel. The data table shows that the product type is marked with 360 IOUs, and the submission time is June 5, 2019. Each information displays the loan order approval status, as well as the loan limit, user name, and mobile number. "Some buyers can identify whether the data comes from within the company, but some customers do not care about these, and the data is easy to use." Li Gang said. Li De, the user information of 360 IOUs sold by the seller Li Gang, said that at present, personal information disclosure can be roughly divided into three ways. One is that individuals leak information unconsciously. The second is that enterprises or individuals with a large amount of data intentionally leak confidential information and enter the black chain. The third is that criminals invade the network database of relevant enterprises and departments through technical means to obtain a large amount of personal information. "It is often said that hackers steal data, but this kind of theft requires strong technical support. Real hackers have a wide way to make money, and they don't look at these data at all." Li De said that with luck, criminals whose technology does not reach the hacker level can crack individual systems, but the amount of information stolen is very limited. In his opinion, the main reason for information and data leakage today is that there are internal demons. The loan data of his company is open internally, and anyone can extract and sell the data. There are many types of data, including the borrower's name, contact information, ID card number, as well as the relevant content information of the mobile phone address book, graphics information, etc. Some loan companies even require the borrower to provide nude photos. Without the consent of the other party, it is entirely possible to sell the other party's nude photos, charging according to the size of the capacity. The amount is too large to calculate, or even sold in packs. Li De said that one of his friends was once engaged in data sales. He was a terminal retail data dealer, mainly selling "senior official" data. The price of a piece of data was about 1000 yuan, and the price of his relatives' data was 300 to 500 yuan. His friend, as a seller, only got 10% commission, so his wife is the most profitable person. "I heard that an insider bought two suites in Hangzhou in less than half a year by selling some well-known e-commerce data, but he was caught later." Li De said that generally, insiders only provide data and do not sell data. They get their share from sales channels. Almost all major channels and retailers are fawning on these insiders. The hotbed of crime is in the gray Jianghu of the underground trade. Saying "slang" has become a common rule between the buyer and the seller. "Sfz" stands for "ID card", "sjh" stands for "mobile phone number", "bc" stands for "gambling", and gambling, marketing, etc. represent the use direction of such data. In Li De's view, the main sales channels of user privacy data are online loans, gambling, collection, marketing and pyramid schemes. He analyzed that marketing agencies are mainly used to find target customer groups; Gambling institutions are to provide services such as pornography, gambling and drugs, most of which are fraud gangs; The collection institution is mainly to accumulate the user database. Li De's friends have experienced "violent collection". His friend once received a strange phone call. The other party claimed that if he didn't pay back the money, he would send insulting text messages to his friends and friends' families, publicize nude photos of PS, and even make personal attacks. At that time, his friend chose to call the police, and ended up with nothing. "Have you heard of naked loan? Some women borrow money with nude photos as collateral. If they do not pay back on time, online loan companies will threaten them to expose nude photos, but some people have no intention of paying back the money. "Li De said that these people knew that even if they paid back the money on time, nude photos or videos might flow out, so some of them used to shut down or shut down the machine." The "anti-aircraft gun" online loan seemed to have huge profits, but it was actually difficult to pay back. Li De said that some borrowers have a low credit rating. When they run out of money, they will make loans on the "anti-aircraft gun" online loan platform, or even sell their ID cards. In Li De's view, the high interest online loan platform is a "survival" tool for some low credit people, and illegal groups such as collection companies, mafia and pyramid schemes also "love" to call these people's mobile phone numbers to expand their teams. "I heard that someone once found the personal information of the enemy through the financial platform, and then used the other party's ID card number to fake ID cards, handled many cards, and even used the other party's identity to shout on the Internet to offend netizens. His enemies are not only on the credit blacklist, but also blocked at home and scolded. " Li De said. Li De revealed that after obtaining the data, the fraud gang would first filter the data by the user's age, and their favorite target of fraud was college students. They believe that college students have not yet entered the society and are more likely to be cheated because of their simple nature. Secondly, college students regularly have living expenses remitted by their parents, and the cash is relatively fixed. Thirdly, some college students want to find jobs after graduation, and do not want to appear stains before entering the society. Once this weakness is grasped, the fraudster will tell the other party that if the late fee is not paid on time, the case will be left at the end of the case, affecting employment, and college students will easily follow suit. According to the data released by the Ministry of Public Security, by the end of 2019, the police had registered 29 criminal acts of fraud using citizens' private data, involving more than 468 million pieces of personal information, and involving nearly 100 million yuan. Zhang Xihuai, senior partner of Yingke Law Firm, said that at present, the law has clear penalties for the black industry chain involving personal information. As a financial platform, it should be responsible for the protection and custody of user and consumer data. If data leakage threatens public security and causes serious damage, the platform should bear not only civil liability, but also criminal liability. Supervision needs to be strengthened. In the past few years, personal information data leakage incidents have occurred frequently at home and abroad. According to media reports, in 2018, the criminal suspect Liu used hacker means to steal the hotel data of Huazhu Group and peddle it on overseas websites, and then he was caught by the police; In 2019, the AI face changing software ZAO under Momo caused an uproar due to the risk of privacy disclosure, and was finally interviewed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. In foreign countries, the data of 57 million Uber drivers and passengers were leaked in 2016; In the same year, Yahoo revealed that 3 billion users' login data had been stolen. In 2017, 143 million Americans were involved in the disclosure of user information by Equifax, an American credit bureau... Some information recorded in detail names, mobile phone numbers, addresses, and even housing opening records. Xue Jun, vice president of the School of Law of Peking University, said that Article 111 of the General Principles of Civil Law stipulates that the personal information of natural persons is protected by law. Any organization or individual who needs to obtain personal information of others should obtain and ensure the security of information according to law, and should not illegally collect, use, process, transmit personal information of others, or illegally trade Provide or disclose personal information of others. Yang Dong, director of the Internet Security Research Center of the National Development and Strategy Research Institute of Renmin University of China, introduced that the Criminal Law Amendment (IX), which came into effect in 2015, revised Article 253 of the Criminal Law, and set criminal penalties for illegal collection, reselling, and provision of personal data information The law of illegal access to personal information is also being vigorously promoted. Yang Dong believes that at present, China's criminal punishment has been very strong, especially for insiders who directly illegally steal or illegally obtain citizen information, they will be sentenced to three to seven years of fixed-term imprisonment and a fine, and the unit and the person in charge of the unit will also be punished. At the same time, Yang Dong said frankly: "The criminal law focuses on the afterwards attack. Although the attack is the largest, the scope of the attack is small, and the number of criminal punishment cases is not too many." He said that compared with windfall profits, the cost of criminals' illegal activities is still low, and they can even evade responsibility overseas. Abroad, the EU has implemented strict data protection regulations GDPR. GDRP is the abbreviation of the General Data Protection Regulation, which is a bill formulated by the European Union legislature in response to the high incidence of information and privacy data leakage cases in Europe. This regulation clearly stipulates that the company needs to establish a data protection officer DPO (similar to CEO and COO senior management positions) to be responsible for personal privacy data protection. According to the data in the White Paper on Selected GDPR Law Enforcement Cases jointly prepared by ZTE Data Protection Compliance Department and Data Law Union, as of September 24, 2019, 22 European data regulators had made administrative penalty decisions totaling 370 million euros for 87 cases. Referring to personal data protection suggestions, Yang Dong further suggested that, first, we should strengthen protection in advance and in the process, and strengthen internal control; Second, we should improve the awareness of individual self-protection; Third, we should strengthen positive incentives. Xue Jun believes that if we want to fundamentally solve the problem of information disclosure, we should also rely on advanced technology. In the link where personal privacy and information disclosure may occur, we should use technology to anonymize information. Only the system can identify these anonymous information, but the actor cannot identify and obtain them. (At the request of the interviewer, Wang Yong, Li Gang and Li De are pseudonyms in the article)
2020-04-23 08:37
The Changes of Internet Monopoly Behind the "Touteng" Dispute During this period, entrepreneur Li Yiyi often regretted that he had not started his business a few years earlier. The company he founded recently developed a software, and was forced to "choose one from the other" by the platform, which not only required him to provide a high amount of guarantee money, but also to "dictate" the product. At first, Li Yiyi hoped that the company could go public in the future, but now he has shaken this goal. Facing the current environment, the survival problem of the company is the biggest problem in front of him. Photo source: After years of rapid development, ssyer China's Internet industry has produced a number of internationally renowned companies. But the giants have been fighting each other. According to media reports, at the beginning of March this year, WeChat used traffic monitoring, technology shielding and other methods to "block" the online office software of byte beating company. In the meantime, byte skipping executives constantly complained about Tencent to the outside world. The article "In WeChat, please bypass these illegal acts" released by Tencent said that some third-party apps were suspected of pulling the WeChat relationship chain and inducing download through sharing, which posed a threat to users' privacy security. In the process of the development of the Internet industry, it is not uncommon for "accidents" caused by seemingly "shooting" among competing objects. Today, a series of conflicts between Toutiao and Tencent have been described by the media as "Touteng Battle". In the view of many entrepreneurs, some Internet giants are suspected of using advantageous resources to influence the market in the following ways: screening and blocking to exclude potential competitors; Use the influence of the platform to randomly place payment information and advertisements, even with fraud links; If the price is raised at will, the cooperative merchants are required to "choose one from two"; The copyright use fee is increasing day by day... On January 2, 2020, the official website of the State Market Supervision and Administration of the People's Republic of China released the revised draft of the Anti monopoly Law for public comment. This is the first overhaul of the Anti monopoly Law after 11 years of implementation. The biggest highlight is the addition of anti-monopoly provisions for the Internet field. It is common for Li Yiyi both at home and abroad to lament that small fish fight each other constantly in the Internet market and are eventually eaten by big fish. He believes that the damage of monopoly to start-ups is very obvious. In the past, high-quality products could be known to users at a lower cost, but now they are being buried. The product cannot be profitable in the early stage, and the online cost is increasing, which leads to the tight capital chain of start-ups. "ToC is better than ToB. ToB companies compete directly with giants. The initial investment cost is high, and it is difficult for ordinary entrepreneurs to involve." Li Yiyi said. Chinese shipping companies are also facing difficulties. On February 20 this year, Google removed more than 600 applications, including many products from Chinese developers, on the ground of combating "destructive" advertising. APUS is one of the first companies to go to sea in China. As early as 2018, the Google advertising account of APUS was banned by Google. Compared with the overseas enterprises that have been punished by Google for many times, APUS has been lucky. Due to the introduction of third-party partners in advance and the layout of its own advertising platform, Google did not remove the relevant applications of APUS. "I think Google is intentional. They require to fill in the nationality and registered address of the company, and they also require the software to make various modifications, which is unfriendly." A person familiar with an Internet company said that Google had also investigated the source and provenance of many programs before removing the software from its shelves, and their choice of targets was targeted. It is not uncommon for domestic Internet companies to be suspected of monopoly. The PC era is dominated by search. In 2008, Taobao sued Baidu, saying that through Baidu search, Taobao's official website was not in the search results. In the era of mobile Internet, WeChat, a newly emerging platform, has become the king of traffic, blocking other applications as well. The "new rich" on the Internet are following in the headlines today. In 2018, Toutiao released an announcement today, requiring that it is prohibited to promote the QR code diverted to Weibo, WeChat, etc. in the Toutiao account, and to promote Taobao's WeChat store products in the Toutiao account. In 2019, e-commerce giants Ali and JD.com finally brought a lawsuit against each other because they asked businesses to choose one from the other. Ali believes that the so-called "one out of two" is just a false proposition, a normal market behavior, and a good currency expels the bad currency. JD responded that laws and regulations have made it clear that "one out of two" is illegal. In foreign countries, after Facebook acquired Instagram, Twitter closed the development interface for Instagram, which is also regarded by the media as a means of competition. With the transfer of flow outlets, the "shielding war" has continued from the PC Internet era to the mobile Internet era, and has never stopped. Zhu Yan, a professor at Renmin University of China Law School, said that Tencent WeChat blocked the book, mainly involving the competition for Internet users and traffic. WeChat, which is in an advantageous position, certainly does not want to let others hitchhike, and Tencent also hopes to eliminate potential competitors as soon as possible. Zhu Yan said that it has always been a common phenomenon for large Internet companies to be suspected of monopoly. For example, the "3Q war" between 360 and Tencent, and the "one out of two" dispute between Ali and JD, all have the shadow of monopoly. The new form is more hidden. "Monopolies have destroyed the Internet economic system, both in China and abroad." Zhang Xihuai, senior partner of Yingke Law Firm, said that this time, Google has taken off more than 600 applications. Is it not aimed at specific countries or companies at all? He thought it impossible. For the offshore companies, they should be prepared to fight monopoly lawsuits all the year round. A person in charge of a Chinese offshore company said that the growing business and scale of Chinese offshore developers had caused Google's fear. Google would prefer to have small companies in the Android ecosystem, so that no one could challenge its dominance forever. In addition, tool products are the underlying cornerstone of Android ecology. Google is also developing its own layout. The other side of its "referee" status is the "athlete" who competes with developers for territory. For this statement, the People's Network Venture Capital Channel contacted Google, but did not receive a response. Google is the king of search engines in the PC era and an important core of Internet ecology. In the early development process of Google, it used to use the advertising diversion model to increase revenue, but in the recent case of offline, businesses using Google to make money were punished. In the advertising distribution process, Google is a middleman, but the strength of the middleman has weakened the bargaining power of developers, users and brands. Aptoide is one of the biggest replacements for Google Play, the Google App Store. In 2014, Aptoide filed an antitrust lawsuit against Google in the EU, claiming that when users download and use the Aptoide App Store on Android phones, Google marked it and reminded users of "unsafe", resulting in a 20% reduction in the potential number of unique users of Aptoide. After years of investigation, the European Commission confirmed Aptoide's accusation against Google and fined Google $5 billion in the summer of 2018. This is the third huge anti-monopoly fine imposed by the EU on Google in the past three years. Ken Paxton, the attorney general of Texas who once led the investigation, said that the investigation focused on Google's "overall control over the online advertising market and search traffic, which may lead to anti competitive behavior that is not conducive to consumers." Zhu Yan said that the Internet was originally the most open and free competition industry, but it will also form a competitive pattern of "one step ahead, step by step ahead", There are monopoly giants or double giants. The most typical are e-commerce, search, social media and other formats. After controlling users and traffic, enterprises can easily become monopolies that affect competition. Xue Jun, vice president of Peking University Law School, analyzed that some Internet products have the status of "Internet operating system" with their unmatched user stickiness and stable mass users. With this invincible super position, they have influenced and controlled their main partners through investment, flow control, flow distribution and other ways, forming a new cartel phenomenon in the Internet era. They are like traffic black holes, and the "partners" will gradually lose their independence. Yang Dong, a professor of Renmin University of China Law School, concluded that the new form of monopoly of network platform is different from the past and more hidden. First, refuse to trade. The rejected dataset is an important and indispensable key facility for competitors; The second is differential treatment. Through the design of algorithm, the information of competitors is listed in the lower position of the search results; Third, bundling sales. The manufacturer in control of the data can require the data use platform to use its data analysis tools or other data sets that do not have a dominant position in the market at the same time, as a condition for using key data, so as to expand the market to data analysis tools or other data type markets and block competitors in the market; Fourth, strategic merger. At present, there are many network platforms with data sets in the market. Through data analysis, the value of data services is improved and new competitive effects are generated. For example, the Facebook/WhatsApp case illustrates the competitive effect of data-driven mergers. Yang Dong explained that monopolists can form analysis data through powerful and fast algorithms, which may be far more competitive than the data competitors can obtain from other network platforms. In terms of consumers, more and more platform operators attach importance to and are willing to protect the privacy of network users' personal data, so privacy protection has gradually become a non price competition that cannot be ignored by the platform. According to the law, the innovative exploration of governance model "Before Baidu outsourced some post bars, coupled with competitive rankings, which led to the emergence of Wei Zexi incident, this is completely the result of monopoly behavior. If there is no monopoly, these companies will not do things against their conscience without fear." Zhang Xihuai said that the Internet has externalities, the more users, the greater the value of the network, This is different from the marginal utility of traditional economy. The zero marginal cost of Internet economy directly leads to monopoly. Yang Dong said that the new monopoly behavior established by controlling traffic is seriously endangering the healthy development of the Internet industry, eroding the values of Internet open sharing, affecting the development of the market economy and the protection of emerging industries, and posing a potential threat to national security and economic security. Monopoly is also called the "killer" of innovation. There is a saying in the Internet entrepreneurship circle that "it is not the time for BAT to imitate what you do, but the time for BAT not to invest in what you do". For some Internet start-ups or small enterprises, Internet giants such as BAT have mastered almost all the upstream resources and downstream channels. If they can't win their favor, it means that enterprises can't stand in this industry. Li Tao, the founder of APUS, once said that when China's Internet began to sink, it also meant that it was becoming highly centralized, and more and more companies were struggling in the same red sea. In response to the restrictions on competition by Internet giants, countries have carried out a lot of anti-monopoly law enforcement and judicial work. In recent years, the EU and its member states have carried out antitrust investigations on Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Qualcomm, Apple, Facebook and other platforms in the United States. China has also introduced new laws or legislative interpretations on Internet industry monopoly. For example, the Electronic Commerce Law, implemented in 2019, proposes that e-commerce operators with dominant market positions shall not abuse their dominant market positions to eliminate or restrict competition. The Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Standardized and Healthy Development of the Platform Economy, issued in August 2019, explains and stipulates the "one out of two" monopoly issue, and prohibits the platform from unilaterally signing exclusive service provision contracts to ensure fair participation in market competition by relevant market entities of the platform economy. On January 2 this year, the official website of the State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration of the People's Republic of China released the revised draft of the Anti monopoly Law (the draft for public comment), adding anti-monopoly provisions in the Internet field. Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, pointed out that when it came to the monopoly of the Internet, some people would emphasize the particularity of the industry, which belongs to the wrong theory of "white horse is not horse". Monopoly is not a unique phenomenon in traditional industries. Even in the Internet industry, its harm should also be taken seriously. Both traditional industries and the Internet industry should break monopoly, encourage fair competition, and protect consumers' rights and interests. But Xue Jun reminded that the Internet monopoly has new characteristics and it is very difficult to determine. The previous Anti monopoly Law is a law in the era of industrial economy. If you want to keep up with the era of data economy, you need to revise it accordingly. In Xue Jun's opinion, more in-depth consideration is needed on whether Internet enterprises should be more rigid or loose. When the behavior of the giants touches the regulatory red line, the victims can report and initiate a lawsuit, and the punishment of monopoly behavior has laws to follow. "However, legal restrictions on a certain industry are worth discussing." Xue Jun said that the huge platform has a large impact and a high market share, which may lead to some restrictions and elimination of competition, which is a very practical problem. In terms of monopoly law enforcement, the EU is much more strict than China. It once issued huge fines to many Internet giants, which is like setting up a toll station on the highway, and collecting money when money is scarce. This is not conducive to market competition, so it is difficult for these countries in the EU to have excellent Internet companies. Zhu Yan believes that for Internet monopoly, the principle is to implement the basic spirit of the Anti monopoly Law, and individual enterprises should not form oligopolies in a certain field, otherwise it will affect the development of other small and medium-sized enterprises. Especially in the context of the need for innovative forces to play a greater role, it is necessary to properly prevent the monopoly behavior of Internet giants. Yang Dong said that with the rapid development of 5G, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other technologies, a new round of scientific and technological revolution is about to break out. In the face of the new situation, first improve the laws and regulations governing the network platform; Secondly, encourage innovation and avoid hasty anti-monopoly law enforcement; Explore new dimensions of data governance again. Xue Jun analyzed that today, with the rapid development of the Internet, the traditional contract law theory still needs to be adhered to, and the concept of contract must be formed to adapt to the Internet era. The concepts of contract law such as private autonomy and rational consumers are not out of date. The law should adopt a prudent attitude, should not intervene excessively, and should leave enough space for freedom of contract for competition among enterprises. In the governance structure of the Internet economy, some diversified and multi-level governance mechanisms should be introduced. As for whether large-scale platforms and enterprises should be regulated in a certain aspect, in addition to the opinions of the regulatory authorities, some social evaluation mechanisms can be introduced to investigate the public acceptance. Zhang Xihuai believes that to solve the monopoly problem, we must first rely on the law, and then rely on administrative means. For market economy, monopoly is an inevitable phenomenon, and it is difficult to solve the problem fundamentally by a single means. (At the request of the interviewer, Li Yiyi is a pseudonym in the article)
2020-04-01 09:02
VC observation: blockchain industry is expected to develop after the epidemic "test" Editor's note: People's Daily recently announced the launch of the "People's War 'Epidemic'" content science and technology theme contest to promote the deep integration of content science and technology with the real economy and society. Focusing on the competition, the People's Network Venture Capital Channel launched a series of reports on new opportunities for the development of new technology industries in the "People's War", to explore the stories refined in the fight against epidemic prevention and control, and explore the prospects of industrial development. During the prevention and control of COVID-19, the transparency of material donation and management has attracted public attention. The blockchain technology has ushered in the "highlight" moment again because of its distributed, tamper proof, traceable, open collaboration and other characteristics. In order to improve transparency and credibility, institutions such as the Blockchain Research Center of the School of Information Science and Technology of Peking University have developed and built a public welfare platform for "liberal medical chain" and "epidemic" medical supplies donation and certificate storage. On February 15, at the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council to deal with epidemic situations, Xuan Changneng, Deputy Director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, said that the construction of cross-border financial blockchain service platform should be strengthened to ease the financing difficulties and expensive problems of SMEs. ... In the opinion of Liu Haifa, Deputy General Manager of Aerospace Information Co., Ltd., affected by the epidemic, many industries' traditional businesses have been forced to move online, and blockchain technology will play a greater role in promoting enterprise business innovation, business model innovation, etc. Under the epidemic situation, the advantages of blockchain applications are highlighted by the impact of the epidemic situation. Remote office, air class, online medical and other forms that were once tepid have become the "trend" of the industry. Kuang Lizhong, vice president of Fun Chain Technology, believes that remote office has the characteristics of reducing the spread of epidemic clustering, and the office hours are more flexible. However, the division of physical space reduces the communication efficiency, making it difficult to establish trust ties. The on chain environment based on blockchain technology not only improves the security of information, but also improves the efficiency of multi-party cooperation Scenarios such as remote signing of electronic contracts and distributed office have great application potential. He believes that blockchain has a wide application space in the field of social governance and public services. To build a better interaction between the government, institutions, the public and the market, it is necessary to improve the trust mechanism, and blockchain technology just has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, more security and more transparency. For example, the supply chain financial platform using blockchain technology realizes the confirmation of accounts receivable through the underlying technology of blockchain, transfers the original offline financing application to the online, and analyzes the scenarios that originally needed physical pledge through data asset conversion, so as to help small and micro enterprises and achieve accurate assistance. Li Feng, head of DuXiaoMan financial blockchain, believes that after the epidemic, blockchain will also play a role in data collection, government cooperation, public welfare, medical care and other fields. In terms of data collection, the blockchain can ensure the transparent flow and traceability of collected data, which is of great significance in the field of disease control; In terms of government cooperation, the blockchain has lowered the industrial threshold, broken unnecessary business barriers, and promoted the construction of efficient government, transparent government, and digital government; In terms of public welfare, the blockchain enables credibility and makes contributions to the development of the public welfare and donation industry; In the medical field, the establishment of the "blockchain+" medical data network is also of great significance in reducing the waste of medical resources and improving collaboration capabilities. Now, the battle against the epidemic has entered a critical moment. Strengthening the scenario application of big data and other technologies in the epidemic prevention and control, and achieving "battle by battle" is an important means to promote more scientific, refined and intelligent epidemic prevention and control. "Data resources are the main production factors of economic and social intelligent facilities." Liu Haifa said that the "resource collaboration and technology integration" of blockchain, big data and artificial intelligence has become an important concept, which is expected to create a "decentralized data market" to achieve high integration of data resources, credible governance and accurate research and judgment. After the epidemic, blockchain is expected to better help governance capacity building. On October 25, 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed at the 18th collective learning of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee that the integrated application of blockchain technology plays an important role in new technological innovation and industrial transformation. We should take the blockchain as an important breakthrough in independent innovation of core technology, clarify the main direction of attack, increase investment, focus on tackling a number of key core technologies, and accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation. Liu Haifa said that after the epidemic, the country will pay more attention to the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Blockchain technology can promote the flat management of the government and improve the efficiency of data utilization. Through the analysis and rapid processing of a large amount of data information, information can be transmitted at an efficient level, creating conditions for flat management, Effectively solve the problems of information reporting and response delay caused by information asymmetry. He said that with the rapid development of online economy, the society will pay more attention to the data sharing, privacy protection, business collaboration, openness and transparency of online business, and the demand will also be stronger. In Liu Haifa's view, the current blockchain, big data and artificial intelligence have formed their own technology systems. In the future, the technology integration of the three will be promoted, and a new trend of complementary advantages and integrated development will be formed around the common characteristics of "distribution". Li Feng also believes that after the epidemic, the process of digitalization in the public sphere and government affairs will accelerate, and the application of blockchain will promote the future digitalization process, so the process of formulating blockchain application standards should be accelerated. Kuang Lizhong summarized that the country has a strategic positioning for blockchain technology, and actively explores the application of "blockchain+" in people's livelihood and other fields, which is reflected in medical and health, public welfare, social assistance and other scenarios. In the future, cutting-edge technologies represented by blockchain will also play a greater role in social governance, emergency management, data governance, public opinion analysis and other aspects, further helping the economic society to achieve trust and coordination across regions and institutions. ■ Related reading: People's War "Epidemic" - People's Venture Capital Series Report (I) Venture Capital Observation: AI empowering new drug research and development, a long way to go (II) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", intelligent enterprises are expected to enter the "fast lane" (III) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", the development of the blockchain industry is expected
2020-03-09 17:06
VC observation: after the "epidemic" test, intelligent enterprises are expected to enter the "fast lane" Editor's note: People's Daily recently announced the launch of the "People's War 'Epidemic'" content science and technology theme contest to promote the deep integration of content science and technology with the real economy and society. Focusing on the competition, the People's Network Venture Capital Channel launched a series of reports on new opportunities for the development of new technology industries in the "People's War", to explore the stories refined in the fight against epidemic prevention and control, and explore the prospects of industrial development. Since January 23, Chen Liaohan, co-founder and president of Graffiti Intelligence, has been busy, leading the internal COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control special action team to assess the impact of the epidemic on the company's operations in three to six months. In Chen Liaohan's view, to a certain extent, some enterprises have encountered problems such as difficulty in resuming work, orders can not be delivered on time, but there is an opportunity for crisis. For example, graffiti intelligence has launched an omni channel service model, realized "digital network" services through the IoT development platform, and provided personalized intelligent new retail SaaS tools, lightweight e-commerce tools, and small program stores for partners, Help smart home partners build their own mobile retail malls. At present, the demand for transformation and upgrading of intelligent manufacturing in the manufacturing industry is gradually increasing. Taking the opportunity of responding to the epidemic, identifying the key points, practicing hard and accelerating the planning and implementation of AI, IOT and other intelligent technologies are becoming the key for intelligent enterprises to win the future. On the evening of February 19, the COVID-19 CT van made by Dacheng Medical was sent to Wuhan Fangcang Hospital. During the transportation of the inspection vehicle from Tianjin to Wuhan, many problems such as quality and quantity guarantee, CT equipment matching and installation difficult to move were overcome. The intelligent Internet of Things logistics enterprise G7 uses IoT technology to ensure the visualization of the whole process through the rapid transformation of digital cargo holds, to ensure the safety of CT medical equipment in transit, and to effectively command the abnormal conditions in the transportation process through AI real-time positioning, and finally complete the distribution. "In this fight against the epidemic and serving the society, there are more and more intelligent enterprises based on AI, IOT and other emerging technologies. They are looking for new ideas, new ways and new applications for industry development." Zhai Xuehun, founder and CEO of G7, said. Schneider Electric is also one of these enterprises. After the resumption of production, the company moved the channel partner summit of key power business online, and discussed and laid out new changes, channel development strategies and product innovation strategies of the data center industry under the post epidemic digital trend through nine online keynote speeches and meetings. In Chen Liaohan's view, the epidemic prevention and control and the isolation of some people in their homes have made intelligent household appliances more demanding and higher standards, which makes people feel the urgent need for intelligent transformation of traditional manufacturing industry. Schneider Electric also realized that the transformation of intelligent applications in traditional industries such as medical care, transportation, industry and energy is accelerating. Zhu Wenqin, senior vice president of Schneider Electric, said that the combination of new technologies such as 5G and IoT and edge computing has given birth to new scenarios including smart cities, unmanned driving, and intelligent manufacturing. From 2020 to 2025, the intelligent data center market will show an hourglass shape, and more than 85% of the market will be composed of the upper and lower ends - the growth of the upper layer of large-scale cloud computing data centers will continue to expand, the underlying distributed edge applications will grow at a rate of about 15%, and the middle end applications will gradually migrate to large-scale cloud computing data centers or distributed applications. At present, more and more intelligent application scenarios are growing rapidly, and the stability and security of edge computing and big data will become the focus of many companies in related industries. In Zhai Xuehun's view, the epidemic has catalyzed the non-contact online freight transaction process and the transparent demand for freight supply and demand information, which has accelerated the brewing of the whole process of online freight service and quickly become the new mainstream business of the industry. "The biggest contribution of IoT and other functional technologies to the industry is to make the transportation behavior known and controllable." Zhai Xuehun said that in special times, the value of transparency and manageability in the whole logistics process is visible reassurance, and its value is to help customers reduce costs and increase efficiency. Zhai Xuehun said that the epidemic, as a small probability event, made many industries unexpectedly meet an exam without standard answers. At the same time, it also provided an extreme testing environment, which verified the confidence of relying on the development prospects of IoT technology. There are great opportunities for intelligence, and the transformation of traditional industries has accelerated. On February 23, at the deployment meeting on the coordinated promotion of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, pointed out that the epidemic is both a challenge and an opportunity for industrial development. Some traditional industries have been greatly impacted, while emerging industries such as intelligent manufacturing, unmanned distribution, online consumption and medical health have shown strong growth potential. We should take this opportunity to transform and upgrade traditional industries and foster and expand emerging industries. The COVID-19 epidemic has made more enterprises realize the importance and urgency of digitalization and intelligence. Tsinghua University of Economics and Management recently released the Research Report on the Impact of COVID-19 on Large and Medium sized Enterprises in China. Its survey data on the "medium and long-term impact of the epidemic on business management" shows that the option of "accelerating digital transformation and realizing online business" ranks first, accounting for 53.3%. Ma Jun, director of the Enterprise Research Institute of the Development Research Center of the State Council, once said that intelligence will have the following four impacts on enterprises. First, products will shift from hardware oriented to both hardware and software oriented; Second, enterprises and users have changed from one-time transactions to long-term services; Third, big data has become an important resource for enterprises; Fourth, the competition among enterprises has evolved into the competition in the industrial ecosystem. "The development of the epidemic has made people engaged in intelligent manufacturing industry pay more attention to whether intelligent machines can effectively replace people, the cost performance of the industrial supply chain, and whether there is room for more cost-effective manufacturing development in countries and regions outside China." Chen Liaohan said that the epidemic did make it difficult for some factories to resume work and production. First of all, it was because of "people". Although the intelligent process of manufacturing has been going on, its speed was not as fast as expected due to large investment and high costs. The changes brought by the epidemic may not be phased. Chen Liaohan also said that the supply chain is also an important reason for the impact of the epidemic on enterprises. The launch of a product often requires the support of a large number of original devices and supporting equipment, so enterprises with strong supply chain systems will still have good market performance during the epidemic. "For the industry as a whole, the epidemic does bring some pressure, but the impact of the epidemic on different enterprises is not the same." With the improvement of IoT, 5G, Cloud, AI and other technical infrastructure, the technological progress of traditional industry management systems and equipment follows. G7 CFO Zhang Jielong believes that the upstream of consumer products has been centralized and integrated, which has promoted the rapid progress and upgrading of the logistics system supporting express and express transportation. This trend will also be replicated in the field of means of production of coal, steel, cement and other bulk materials. In Zhang Jielong's view, the general trend of the real economy is from decentralization to relative concentration, which further promotes the improvement of the efficiency of the logistics system. He said that the essential prerequisite for the emergence of standardization, centralization and platform of production factor supply is that all production factors can be digitized. In the field of mobile Internet of Things, the realization of digitalization mainly depends on the use of mobile phones to collect user information, while in the field of industrial Internet, the realization of digitalization mainly depends on the real-time collection of equipment information through sensors and the Internet of Things. The epidemic has made more people realize that the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing intelligence is imperative, and new technological changes will bring new market opportunities. However, in the interview, some entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs also felt that the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry needs to solve the problem of excessive cost investment. Some insiders mentioned that AI and IOT based smart products involve data security and personal privacy, and there is still a lack of security standards for the whole industry. Interconnection between smart devices of different brands also needs to be achieved. ■ Related reading: People's War "Epidemic" - People's Venture Capital Series Report (I) Venture Capital Observation: AI empowering new drug research and development, a long way to go (II) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", intelligent enterprises are expected to enter the "fast lane" (III) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", the development of the blockchain industry is expected
2020-03-04 08:25
Venture Capital Observation: AI empowers new drug research and development, with a long way to go Editor's note: People's Daily recently announced the launch of the "People's War 'Epidemic'" content science and technology theme contest to promote the deep integration of content science and technology with the real economy and society. Focusing on the competition, the People's Network Venture Capital Channel launched a series of reports on new opportunities for the development of new technology industry, "People's War", to dig out the stories refined in the battle of epidemic prevention and control, and explore the prospects of industrial development. In the face of COVID-19, "AI Doctor" has been engaged in the battle field of epidemic prevention early: AI temperature measurement system uses the "human body recognition+portrait recognition+infrared/visible light dual sensor" scheme, which can quickly detect fevers in the scene of high-density personnel flow; The whole genome detection and analysis platform can quickly and accurately diagnose infectious patients and detect possible virus variations; Using big data to build epidemic dispersion maps can analyze the trajectory of COVID-19 patients, so as to jointly prevent and control the epidemic... In the field of drug research and development, AI is playing an increasingly important role through big data processing, machine learning, deep learning and other technologies. Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China (MIIT) issued a proposal for AI "smart" drugs under the epidemic situation, proposing to strengthen scientific research, make use of artificial intelligence technology as soon as possible to complement the weak points of epidemic control technology, and quickly promote industrial production and application services; It is necessary to give full play to the effectiveness of artificial intelligence, optimize AI algorithm and computing power, and assist in drug research and development such as virus gene sequencing, vaccine/drug research and development, protein screening, etc. Ding Sheng, Dean of the School of Pharmacy of Tsinghua University and Director of the Global Health Drug Research and Development Center, said in an interview that GHDDI (Global Health Drug Research and Development Center) had earlier deployed relevant teams to engage in "AI+drug research and development". For example, the online AI drug research and development platform and big data sharing platform are supported by the AI research and development team. At the same time, GHDDI is also providing high-quality resources such as the center's high-throughput screening platform and multiple compound molecular libraries for free to scientific researchers or institutions with research and development foundation in the society. Ali has also opened AI computing power on this platform for free during the epidemic to help research and development of new drugs and vaccines. How does AI enable new drug research and development? The research and development of new drugs and vaccines is a time-consuming, laborious and costly process. According to the relevant report of Nature, it takes an average of 10-15 years to develop a new drug in the United States from the start of the project to the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration for listing, and the research and development cost is about 2.6 billion US dollars. AI technology based on big data and cloud computing can make full use of existing medical resources, simplify the time researchers spend on data analysis, large-scale literature screening, scientific supercomputing and other work, help scientific research institutions significantly shorten the vaccine research and development cycle, and reduce the cost of pharmaceutical research and development. At present, the combination of AI and drug research and development is mainly used in the following main scenarios: drug target discovery, candidate drug discovery, drug design, drug synthesis, pathophysiological research and development of new indications, as well as new use of old drugs. According to Professor Pei Jianfeng from the Quantitative Biology Center of the Institute of Frontier Interdisciplinary Studies of Peking University, the integration and application of AI technology can save 40-50% of the time in the early stage of new drug research and development, save about $26 billion in compound screening costs and $28 billion in clinical experiment costs every year. New drug research and development AI is becoming an important new tool for drug research and development. For this COVID-19 epidemic, GHDDI has used three complementary R&D programs to find clinically safe and effective drugs, and is conducting further confirmation research and sequencing. It is hoped that the program will be submitted to relevant national institutions as soon as possible and help promote clinical research. "Now the time and economic costs of drug research and development are getting higher and higher, and AI technology is a powerful breakthrough." Pei Jianfeng said that as a powerful data mining tool, AI technology has been applied to various fields of drug design in recent years. "For example, knowledge mapping technology can quickly carry out the new use of old drugs and the discovery of drug targets, AI molecular generation technology can efficiently and quickly design and optimize new drug molecules, the current AI reverse synthesis analysis technology is also maturing, which can automatically guide the design of new drug synthesis routes, and AI technology has significantly improved the accuracy of drug effectiveness and safety prediction." Some start-ups are already exploring AI technology for developing new drugs, and scientific research institutions and pharmaceutical companies are investing more resources in this field. GlaxoSmithKline cooperated with Exscientia, a British AI startup, and invested 43 million dollars for drug research and development, identifying small molecules for 10 selected targeted drugs in undisclosed treatment areas; The artificial intelligence platform "CURATE. AI" created by the National University of Singapore can quickly identify the drug dose by using the clinical data of patients, and on this basis, correct the tumor size or tumor biomarker level. There are also many challenges behind the development of AI+drugs. "AI has been used for drug research and development for decades. So far, in addition to lowering the entry threshold of drug research and development industry and allowing more non professional talents to join in the early work of research and development, AI has not brought significant changes to the entire field in my opinion." As the founder of DeepBiome Therapeutics, an American biopharmaceutical research and development company, Dr. Luo Chengwei has long focused on using AI to explore the field of human microbiome, He said: "Take the new small molecule research and development process as an example. First, a lot of calculations and models are needed to determine and verify the availability of molecules, then experiments are carried out in different cell lines, and then various clinical experiments of animal models. The calculation part of AI plays a role in the drug research and development process accounts for only about 2%." IBM, the leader of AI+medicine, decided to stop developing and selling Watson AI suite, a drug development tool, in April 2019 due to its poor financial performance. Luo Chengwei said frankly: "AI needs enough data points to support drug research and development, but in the world, data sharing among major pharmaceutical factories is a problem, which weakens the role of AI." There are also many weaknesses in the application of AI technology in medical research and development in China, such as the unstructured medical literature information processing technology, which is still in its infancy; AI technology is not strong in learning and processing small data problems that are common in medical research and development. "AI+drug R&D in China urgently needs to develop more and better original algorithms and underlying tools." Pei Jianfeng believes that AI assisted pharmaceutical research and development is bound to be one of the main technical directions of new drug research and development in the future, which may promote the change of new drug research and development methods. In the future, with the development of strong artificial intelligence and cognitive intelligence technology, these problems will be gradually solved. ■ Related reading: People's War "Epidemic" - People's Venture Capital Series Report (I) Venture Capital Observation: AI empowering new drug research and development, a long way to go (II) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", intelligent enterprises are expected to enter the "fast lane" (III) Venture Capital Observation: After the epidemic "test", the development of the blockchain industry is expected
2020-02-26 13:00
Electronic cigarette on the tuyere: the welding factory has turned into a substitute processing factory, and the electronic cigarette for pregnant women is harmless to the fetus? Abstract: As a new outlet, the electronic cigarette industry is growing savagely under the background of blind pursuit of profits by capital and temporary lack of supervision. In view of the market chaos, since August, People's Daily Online has organized a series of reports, "Five Questions about Electronic Cigarettes" - "Is Electronic Cigarettes a" God Tool for Quitting Smoking ". Many businesses promote electronic cigarettes with" Can Quit Smoking "as the selling point. However, consumers have different opinions on the effect of quitting smoking in actual use, and the statement of quitting smoking lacks scientific basis; "Does electronic smoke affect health?", electronic smoke "steam" is not harmless, "second-hand electronic smoke" is also harmful to health, and poor quality cigarette sets have potential safety hazards; "How Does E-cigarettes Affect Teenagers?" Although the state has specifically announced that "it is prohibited to sell e-cigarettes to minors", e-cigarettes are penetrating into teenagers online and offline, and the "ban on sales to minors" has not really been effectively realized; How should electronic cigarettes be managed? How to distinguish and supervise the various types of electronic cigarettes in the market? Is electronic cigarette harmful or harmless? Is there any definite evidence that it is healthier than cigarettes? These need to be discussed and clarified; How to Balance the Electronic Cigarette Industry and Public Health? The development potential of China's electronic cigarette industry is huge, but experts pointed out that to achieve a balance between the electronic cigarette industry and public health, China's government, enterprises, academia and other parties need to work together. Recently, the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online investigated the entire interest chain from the suppliers of electronic cigarette raw materials, co processing plants, investors, brand names, sales channels, etc., revealing more unknown industry secrets. According to the information obtained from the interview, the global regulation on electronic cigarettes is becoming stricter, and industry norms are imminent. Investors should understand the regulatory logic, strengthen self-restraint, and create a good environment for industrial development. Zhang Yong, a fan of electronic cigarettes, often stayed up late and worked overtime. Once, he smoked five cigarettes in a row, suddenly felt dizzy and numb, and didn't recover until noon the next day. Since being exposed to "electronic cigarettes", he felt more stimulated than smoking real cigarettes, and felt that he was "addicted". For the electronic cigarette industry, 2019 is a year of carnival and cloudy. Only in the first half of 2019, at least 9 entrepreneurial projects in the field of electronic cigarettes were financed. The latest data from the US Federal Center for Disease Control and Prevention shows that as of October 1 this year, 1080 confirmed and suspected lung disease cases related to the use of electronic cigarettes have been reported in 48 states and the US Virgin Islands, with at least 18 deaths. On September 11, the White House announced that it would issue a sales ban on flavored electronic cigarettes. Faced with the increasingly strict regulation of electronic cigarette products in the United States, Alibaba and JD, two major Chinese e-commerce companies, decided to suspend sales to the United States. However, according to the survey conducted by the People's Daily Online venture capital channel, the keyword "quit smoking magic tool" was searched on e-commerce platforms such as Taobao and Jingdong, and advertising slogans such as "it only takes three days to say goodbye to real cigarettes", "30 days to quit smoking", and "electronic cigarettes for harmless pregnant women" appeared. In addition, the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online also found that, driven by interests, a company in Sanhe City, which mainly engaged in mounting and welding, turned into an "electronic cigarette processing factory". The staff of the factory vowed, "No matter what formula you provide, I can produce it for you without any qualification." China is the world's largest producer of electronic cigarettes, and more than 90% of the world's electronic cigarette equipment is produced in Shenzhen. Relevant experts said that electronic cigarettes are neither tobacco, nor health care products, nor medical devices. They have been in the state of "no product standards, no quality supervision, and no safety assessment". However, atomized electronic cigarettes contain ultrafine particles and heavy metals, including lead, which are liable to harm human health. Electronic cigarette for pregnant women? Although electronic cigarette is a new outlet, it is not a new industry. As early as 2003, Han Li, a Chinese pharmacist, invented the first electronic cigarette "like smoke". Since then, electronic cigarettes have grown savagely in this hot land of China. Until the 2015 evening party in 2019, CCTV pointed its finger at electronic cigarettes, doubting that smoking electronic cigarettes for a long time would lead to dependence on nicotine. After the broadcast of the program, JD, Tmall, Suning and other major e-commerce platforms have blocked the keyword of "electronic cigarette". On July 22 this year, Mao Qun'an, head of the Planning Department of the National Health Commission, disclosed at a press conference that the National Health Commission is conducting research on the supervision of electronic cigarettes with relevant departments, plans to regulate electronic cigarettes through legislation, and prohibits businesses from promoting electronic cigarettes as "a magic weapon for quitting smoking". However, the People's Daily Online venture capital channel still found a large number of e-cigarette products by searching for the keyword "quit smoking artifact" on e-commerce platforms such as Taobao and Jingdong. A shop in Jingdong sells electronic cigarettes for pregnant women at a price of 378 yuan, including 7 bottles of different fruit flavors+3 bottles of tobacco. It claims that it is a woman's magic weapon for quitting smoking, harmless hookah, and 10 bottles of tobacco oil are included. A Taobao store also said that its products are for pregnant women only, and do not contain nicotine, which does no harm to the fetus. However, many factory owners, investors and brand owners said that they had never heard of electronic cigarettes for pregnant women, and never recommended that pregnant women smoke electronic cigarettes. Taobao Electronic Cigarette Store advocates He said that electronic cigarettes can play a role in smoking cessation to a certain extent, because the nicotine content is low, does not burn, and basically does not contain tar, so people will not have a sense of dependence. Electronic cigarettes do not contain addictive substances, which is like fruit juice, not addictive, but also has repeat customers. One of the selling points of electronic cigarettes is the variety of tastes. "I can produce whatever flavor you want." Zhang He said that the cartridge of electronic cigarette contains essence, which is atomized into the mouth after sublimation. It is the same as drinking drinks, except that fog is different from water. "It's normal for electronic cigarettes to be exaggerated." Li Ya, the boss of the Shenzhen OEM factory, said that he had seen a poster of Jiugongge, on which electronic cigarettes of different flavors were displayed, with nicotine content no more than 3%. According to the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online, the concentration of electronic cigarette oil on the market is mainly divided into four common standards: no 0mg, low 6mg, medium 12mg and high 18mg. "The mushrooms and tomatoes we eat in our daily life also contain traces of nicotine, and the nicotine content in tobacco oil is higher than that in grains, but these traces of nicotine are used to quit smoking and do no harm to the body." The owner of a shop selling electronic cigarettes on Taobao thinks. "Why is it nicotine salt (a compound containing nicotine and other organic components)? Nicotine salt is used to make the tobacco oil taste like real smoke," the shopkeeper added. A bioengineering technology company in Xi'an specializes in the raw materials of electronic cigarettes, providing highly concentrated flavors, coolants, sweeteners and nicotine, of which more than 800 flavors are available. According to its staff, nicotine is used to make electronic cigarettes smell like ordinary cigarettes. The normal dose of tobacco oil on the market is 3mg and 6mg, but some electronic cigarettes contain 12mg or more of tobacco oil, which is not only addictive, but also easy to make people "drunk". Zhang Wei, an electronic smoker with "mysterious" ingredients, has experienced "drunken smoking" symptoms. Before he bought the electronic cigarette for the first time, he simply glanced at the chemical composition of the packing box. After smoking, he felt slightly dizzy and could not stand steadily. "When we package our customers' products, some raw materials are not printed on the packaging box, and the specific content of harmful substances will not be marked." Li Ya said that the promotion of electronic cigarettes nowadays mainly discloses individual data and content of ingredients, and some dangerous ingredients are not listed on the package. Li Yan, a researcher of the electronic cigarette testing agency, said that electronic cigarettes will definitely add nicotine. At present, there is no corresponding standard for the nicotine content of electronic cigarettes. The actual nicotine content of many brands of electronic cigarettes is quite different from the content marked on the package. In order to make electronic cigarettes known to users, there are also some abnormal competitions in the market. The content of addictive nicotine and related tobacco extracts is increasing, and the taste is also getting stronger and stronger. Even illegal products are added, making people feel that real cigarettes are tasteless after smoking electronic cigarettes. Li Yan said that maintaining nicotine salt at a medium or low level would not cause obvious harm to the body, but could bring satisfaction and excitement. For people who are not addicted to tobacco, it is appropriate to choose nicotine salt of medium and low degree. If they are addicted to tobacco, they can choose high content of tobacco oil. However, the content of tobacco oil should not exceed 24mg, or you may feel unwell or even faint. What worried Li Yan was that due to the blank supervision of electronic cigarettes, more and more electronic cigarettes with unknown origin were added by individual businesses, which could not keep users healthy and even damage the nerves of smokers. On October 4 this year, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a statement warning consumers to stop using electronic cigarette products with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, a high concentration chemical ingredient extracted from industrial cannabis), and not to use any electronic cigarette products obtained from the street or other irregular channels. The statement also mentioned that the investigation showed that the electronic cigarette products containing tetrahydrocannabinol were related to a large number of lung disease cases reported recently. It was suggested that consumers should not use electronic cigarette products added with tetrahydrocannabinol and electronic cigarette products purchased through informal channels, nor modify the composition of electronic cigarettes or add any substances, such as tetrahydrocannabinol or other oil substances, without authorization. Li Yan said that tetrahydrocannabinol is a hallucinogenic component of cannabis, and the origin of electronic cigarette products containing tetrahydrocannabinol is unknown. If tetrahydrocannabinol is ingested beyond the limit, it may lead to sudden death of smokers. In Li Yan's opinion, electronic cigarettes are more harmful than ordinary tobacco. In addition to nicotine and tar, electronic cigarettes also contain nicotine salt, formaldehyde, propylene glycol, glycerin and other harmful substances. Formaldehyde, propylene glycol and glycerin can strongly stimulate the respiratory tract, and impurities and spices may also pose health and safety risks. Even, there are ultrafine particles in the atomized electronic smoke, including heavy metals such as lead, and even carcinogens. Li Yan said that with the arrival of the electronic cigarette outlet, some bad businesses have flocked to produce low-quality electronic cigarettes in order to grab profits, so smokers should not smoke electronic cigarette products obtained from the street or other informal channels, and their smoke may come from small workshops. On the Taobao platform, electronic cigarettes exclusively for women and pregnant women are being sold. Driven by the interests of the false qualification of "tasting real cigarettes, without real smoke hazards", merchants in Hebei, a company mainly engaged in pasting and wave soldering, has also "changed" into a processing factory for electronic cigarettes. This company is located in Chaobai Street, Sanhe City, Hebei Province. It claims to be an electronic product limited company. Its main business is SMT (surface assembly technology) mounting, welding and electronic product assembly. According to the employees of the company, in addition to the main business, they also process electronic cigarettes. The charges are divided into working hours and equipment rental. A production line costs 60 yuan per hour. "We have never processed electronic cigarettes before." The above staff said, however, the assembly of e-cigarette is simple. You only need to provide funds, design schemes and raw materials, and the company can mass produce without any qualification. Now, with the birth of capital, many e-cigarette brands have been established. Due to the lack of effective supervision, e-cigarettes have been drifting away from the edge of the law, and problems such as adding contraband, exaggerating publicity and falsifying qualifications frequently occur. The venture capital channel of People's Daily Online found that qualification publicity such as "FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) Certification", "FDA Food Report", "EU CE Certification", and "National Quality Inspection" are quite common in the atomized e-cigarette market through the investigation of several online shopping platforms. It is understood that it is only a registration number issued for each registered food agency, and the FDA registration number does not mean that it has been approved by the US FDA, so the "FDA certification" certificate referred to by the retailers on Taobao does not exist at all. FDA has also announced that it does not recognize the registration certificate issued by a third party. Guo Cong, director of the Tort Law Professional Committee of the Beijing Lawyers Association, said that domestic e-cigarette retailers generally make false propaganda in the name of "FDA certification", which violates Article 8 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Countering Unfair Competition: operators shall not comment on the performance, function, quality, sales status, user evaluation Those who have won honors have made false or misleading commercial propaganda to deceive and mislead consumers. More than 90% of the world's electronic cigarette equipment is produced in Shenzhen. According to Li Ya, in Shenzhen, because of the low difficulty in the production of electronic cigarettes, we can rent a small factory at the cost of hundreds of thousands of dollars to recruit workers, and then we can take orders for production. In addition, there are not many patents for e-cigarette, and the intellectual property rights of most e-cigarette brands are mainly concentrated on the appearance and design level, rather than the technical level. "Why is Shenzhen electronic cigarette developed? The electronics industry and processing industry in Shenzhen are developed and well managed. It is difficult for factories in other places to compete with them. " Li Ya said that some factories do not only focus on electronic cigarettes, they do everything. For example, when the electronic cigarette outlet comes, these factories will immediately change their appearance and become electronic cigarette manufacturers. Then they form an alliance and adopt the same price to exclude the electronic cigarette manufacturers in other places. Li Ya entered the field of electronic cigarette production in 2005 when the cost of tobacco stems was only a few yuan. He once worked as a OEM and OEM. In order to survive, the factory also produces processed food. The year 2005 was the most chaotic year in the electronic cigarette market, which lasted until 2010. At that time, there was no content index of electronic cigarettes, and even the appearance of electronic cigarettes was varied, ranging from eight centimeters to five centimeters, transparent cigarette tubes filled with tobacco oil, and filters with flavor. Since 2018, with the advent of electronic smoke vents, the number of co processing has increased sharply, which also shows Li Ya the business opportunity. He imports atomizers from India, refits old production lines and looks for raw material suppliers. After long-term efforts, the current capacity has stabilized. "We have received a lot of large orders to make cigarette bombs, that is, to put flavor and other raw materials into cigarette bombs, but we do not produce special atomizers, because the other party will check the specifications and indicators of the atomizers when they are delivered." Liya said. The reason why Li Ya didn't want to make an atomizer was that the atomizer was too cheap and the profit space was low. For example, the cigarette rod was made of steel or plastic after the atomizer was covered with a grinding tool. The production was simple and the cost was only a few yuan, but the profit space of raw materials and smoke bomb production was high. High profits are accompanied by high risks. Li Ya said that today's cigarette bombs have not yet completely achieved the same taste, and even the quality of raw materials has experienced problems, leading to all the cigarette bombs of the same batch being labeled as unqualified. In the past, Liya purchased raw materials from middlemen, but in order to make money, the middlemen did not know where to import unqualified raw materials. In the end, the products failed to pass the inspection, and the customer did not pay. He had to sue the raw material supplier through the court. So far, millions of accounts have been confiscated. Li Ya said that different customers have different requirements, but the other side will provide formulas, and then they will purchase and produce. Generally speaking, the formula of each electronic cigarette is confidential, but we all know that the raw materials are similar, but the content is different. In Li Ya's opinion, after the arrival of the electronic cigarette, orders kept coming, and the factory basically realized full load operation. Although he had the technology to produce electronic cigarettes, he never had the opportunity to produce his own brand. "Earn the money I can earn first, and when I have production capacity later, I may invest in an electronic cigarette brand by myself, instead of producing more, I will only make hundreds of electronic cigarettes and give them as gifts." Liya said. On the JD platform, electronic cigarettes specially for pregnant women are being sold. The advertising slogan of the merchants shows that "Buy this electronic cigarette with a price of 378 yuan, and give 10 bottles of tobacco oil as a bonus". The supervision "storm" is coming. As a substitute for traditional tobacco, electronic cigarettes in the early days are more like medical products and "tobacco like toys", It has not been given an accurate positioning by the market and relevant regulatory authorities. Failure to regulate does not mean disregard. According to US CDC data, by September 17, 2019, the number of serious lung disease cases related to the use of electronic cigarettes in the US had risen to 530, of which 7 were confirmed dead. The preliminary data shows that these patients have a history of using electronic cigarette products containing tetrahydrocannabinol and nicotine. At present, more than a dozen countries and regions in the world, such as the United States, India, Japan, Canada, Singapore, New Zealand, Thailand, Brazil, etc., have completely or partially banned electronic cigarettes. China is the world's largest tobacco producer and consumer. Since 2014, the tobacco industry has turned over 1 trillion yuan of profits and taxes to the government every year. As a major taxpayer, China National Tobacco Corporation is known as the "most profitable company". In 2018, China's pre tax profit of tobacco was 1155.62 billion yuan, about 16 times that of Alibaba, 14 times that of Tencent and 3 times that of Apple. Tsinghua University's Report on the Status of Electronic Cigarette Industry Regulation in the Public Health and Technology Regulation Research Report (2019) shows that in 2017, China's electronic cigarette consumption reached 7.4 million people, and China has become the world's largest producer of electronic cigarette products (accounting for 95% of the world's share) and exporter (accounting for 90% of the world's share). As of August 2018, there were 25979 electronic cigarette patents in the world, of which 22825 were in China, accounting for nearly 87.9%. However, with the development of the past decade, the share of electronic cigarettes in the Chinese tobacco market is less than 1%, far less than 13% of the American market. The huge market attracts capital crazy pursuit. In April 2019, Luo Yonghao was defeated on his mobile phone and joined Ono, an electronic cigarette brand founded by Peng Jinzhou, former president of Hammer Technology. The brand of Flu Electronic Cigarette was also founded by Zhu Xiaomu, the former product director of Hammer Technology, who is known as the No. 1 employee of Hammer Technology. As of the first half of this year, Ferro Electronic Cigarette has raised tens of millions of dollars. Cai Yuedong, the founder of the same uncle, and Hechang, the founder of Huang Taiji, announced the launch of "YOOZ pomelo" electronic cigarettes, and the turnover of electronic cigarettes sold on the first day of spot sales reached 5 million. Zhang Jinyuan, a former CEO of the same uncle and a well-known We Media person, and Li Yan, CEO of WeMedia Holding Group, founded LINX Lingxi. At the beginning of the launch, they received angel rounds of 10 million yuan investment, and then successively completed two rounds of 10 million yuan financing. At present, there are thousands of e-cigarette brands in the domestic market, forming a pattern of "thousand cigarettes war". Behind the "thousand cigarettes war" is the "three no" state of no product standards, no quality supervision and no safety assessment. Mao Qun'an, head of the Planning Department of the National Health Commission, disclosed on July 22 this year that the National Health Commission is conducting research on the supervision of electronic cigarettes with relevant departments, and plans to regulate electronic cigarettes through legislation. Yang Huo, the co-founder of an electronic cigarette brand, believes that if the regulatory details are released this year, two aspects can be controlled, one is the source of electronic cigarette raw materials, the construction of channels, and the other is the control of electronic cigarette cartridge composition. The government regulation may be standardized from the details of electronic cigarette fittings, electronic cigarette liquid, and electronic cigarette emissions. Li Yan also believes that electronic cigarettes can be regulated according to the product composition, such as the batteries, atomizing equipment and smoke cartridges of electronic cigarettes. Only after these requirements are met, can such products be assembled and circulated in the market. Li Yan further pointed out that from the perspective of consumers, the regulation of electronic cigarettes is conducive to reducing security risks, ensuring the personal health of users and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Similarly, it is also conducive to the orderly and healthy development of the industry. (At the request of the interviewer, Li Yan, Yang Huo, Zhang He and Li Ya are pseudonyms)
2019-10-23 09:58
The audit of undocumented homestay in the "gray zone" platform is nominal Wang Yiyang (not his real name), who has opened 5 home stays in Beijing, never thought that his first "close contact" with the police station was due to "suspected illegal business". Wang Yiyang is not the only one who runs home stay without official qualification. In recent years, more and more ordinary people have started to operate B&Bs, and many online tourism platforms have opened up B&B business territory, and related business chaos has also emerged. When testing the home stay source registration system on Airbnb, Hazelnut, Tujia, Piggy, Ctrip and other platforms, the People's Network venture capital channel found that only Airbnb reminded the homeowner to submit the source business license, and other platforms did not have this reminder. Even if there is an option, it is not mandatory. Industry insiders believe that the B&B industry and its related business model are relatively new in China, and the supervision of laws and regulations has not been kept up with in time. Whether the supervision of home stay is comparable to that of the hotel industry, whether special business licenses are required, and how to solve the problems such as regional differences in supervision, should be straightened out in a timely manner, and it is necessary to accelerate the introduction of national unified norms with stronger binding force. Wang Yiyang learned at a friend's party that homestay is a good business, so he wanted to give it a try. In 2018, he rented an ordinary residential house in a Hutong in Beijing on the recommendation of a real estate agent. After obtaining the consent of the landlord, Wang Yiyang repainted the house, configured new appliances, and then registered on Airbnb and other platforms to become a home stay operator. At that time, he did not consider that B&B required business qualification, and the platform did not remind and review the qualification. "In the peak season of Beijing tourism, the profit of a home stay is about 3000-5000 yuan a month. Even in the low season of tourism, the profit is 2000-3000 yuan a month." Wang Yiyang calculated that the monthly rent of hutong houses is 3000-5500 yuan, and the price listed on various home stay platforms is 300-700 yuan a night. On average, more than 20 days a month, people will check in through Airbnb and other platforms. The platform draws 10%, and then deducts the daily cleaning expenses of home stay, the remaining profit is his own. This also gave Wang Yiyang his first taste of home stay. Later, he rented 5 suites in different areas of Beijing for home stay. The business soon got on track. Wang Yiyang felt that he had found a good "sideline". Until the police took him to the police station, Wang Yiyang knew that there were potential risks in the operation of home stay. "A regular home stay business should have a business license and a special permit, or it will be suspected of illegal business." Remembering the experience of running a home stay, Wang Yiyang gasped. He said that many of his friends have not obtained relevant qualifications for running homestay, and there are no necessary restrictions on registering on platforms such as Airbnb. "They still make money like regular homestay". It is reported that Wang Yiyang's business qualifications for B&B include special industry business license, health license, business license, etc. Zeng Wenwen, member of the Cultural Tourism Law Professional Committee of the Beijing Lawyers Association and partner of Beijing Zhide Law Firm, said to the People's Daily Venture Channel that there are many laws and regulations involved in the home stay industry. In addition to a series of laws and regulations related to the tourism industry, there are also civil law, tort liability law, consumer rights protection law, public security management punishment law, anti-terrorism law The relevant laws and regulations, such as the Cyber Security Law, the Cyber Transaction Management Measures, and the E-commerce Law, are also different in details from the specific regulations and industry standards formulated for the home stay industry in different regions of China, and the business qualifications required by different regions are also slightly different. Zeng Wenwen said bluntly that the registration of home stay related online tourism platforms would involve laws and regulations such as the Electronic Commerce Law and the Measures for the Administration of Online Transactions when registering the source of home stay. 2. In recent years, the market scale of China's home stay industry has been expanding, and the online travel home stay platform has also developed by leaps and bounds with the support of capital and policies. As early as 2011, Airbnb on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean completed financing of $112 million, valued at $1 billion, and became a unicorn. This short-term rental platform, established in San Francisco in 2008, embeds the term "shared living space" into the Internet entrepreneurship arena. The rapid development of Airbnb and the initial market dividend of the home stay industry not only led to the emergence of House Trip and Wimdu equivalent imitators, but also made this model take root in China on the other side of the ocean. At that time, the B&B industry was in the early stage of barbaric growth. Grabbing new houses and cultivating consumption habits became the theme of many enterprises. The review responsibility of industry qualification and online tourism platform was not taken seriously. A number of home stay short rent companies, such as Youtianxia, Zhubaijia and Xiaozhu, also developed intensively in 2012 and quickly gained the favor of many well-known investment institutions at home and abroad. Under the stimulation of capital support and travel consumption, these emerging short rent home stay platforms are racing to enclose land. In many regions, especially in the tourism developed regions, they include many home stay houses with exquisite design, strong sense of local characteristics and lifestyle. By 2015, "we should actively develop guest houses, short rent apartments and long rent apartments" appeared in the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Life Service Industry and Promoting the Upgrading of Consumption Structure issued by the State Council, and the home stay industry under the policy dividend has fully blossomed. According to the survey data of Maidian.com, there were 30000 guest houses in mainland China in 2014, and by the end of 2015, the number was 43000. In late August 2015, Airbnb officially opened the door to the local market in China, and used the Chinese name of "Abbey Greeting" to run horse racing in China. When Airbnb realized localization in China, the domestic home stay industry has entered its peak period with the support of both policies and capital, and many OTA platforms have developed rapidly. In 2017, Tujia received US $300 million in E-round financing, with a valuation of more than US $1.5 billion. Piglet Short Lease also completed 120 million E-round financing, with a valuation of US $1 billion. Two local unicorns became obstacles in the way of Airbnb. In addition, Hazelnut B&B under Meituan is online, Ant Short Rental has set up a home stay under the support of Ctrip, and traditional online travel platforms such as Ctrip and Qunar have also incorporated B&B into their business landscape, making the competition in the B&B industry more intense. "Digging out more houses, then carrying out large-scale promotion, improving brand awareness, obtaining consumers' recognition and placing orders, has become a common routine for platforms such as Airbnb. As for personal houses, or official homestays developed by wine travel or cultural media companies, it will not matter." Zhang Jialei (a pseudonym), the market VP of a wine and tourism enterprise, told the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online. Zhang Jialei said that in the early stage of the industry development, the online tourism platform took seizing the housing supply and surviving as the first priority, so naturally it would not pay attention to qualification and compliance issues, which also allowed unlicensed B&Bs to grow in the market. The venture capital channel of Sanren.com learned from several people in the wine and tourism industry that homestay is a new industry to a certain extent, which is fast breaking, but there was no clear and special regulatory measures before 2015, and the business qualification and supervision were in a "gray zone". By 2015, the General Office of the State Council had issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Life Service Industry and Promoting the Upgrading of Consumption Structure. In addition to clearly stating that we should actively develop the subdivided business types such as guest houses, short rent apartments, and long rent apartments to meet the consumption needs of the masses, the opinion also clearly points out that while accelerating the development of key areas, we should strengthen the guidance and support for other areas of life service industry, and promote the development of life service industry in integration and standardization in development; The local people's governments at all levels are required to strengthen the organization and leadership, and study and formulate the implementation plan to accelerate the development of the life service industry in combination with the actual situation of the region as soon as possible; We will further improve the quality management system, quality supervision system and quality standard system of the life services industry. This laid the foundation for the standardization of the home stay industry with wild development at that time. By 2017, the regulation and supervision of the home stay industry had attracted more attention. In February 2017, the Ministry of Public Security issued the Regulations on the Administration of Public Security in the Hotel Industry (Draft for Comments), which included the short rent of home stay in the scope of hotel industry supervision, and required that after obtaining the business license issued by the industrial and commercial administration department for the establishment of a hotel, it should apply to the public security organ of the local people's government at or above the county level for a special industry license. However, the regulation has not been implemented at present. On June 21, 2017, the executive meeting of the State Council proposed that "we should sort out and adjust the administrative licensing, commercial registration and other matters and related systems that are not suitable for the development of the sharing economy, and avoid using the old methods to control new business types." In August 2017, the National Tourism Administration issued the Basic Requirements and Evaluation of Tourist Home Accommodation and the Regulations on Handling Complaints by Tourist Operators (LB/T 063-2017) Basic Requirements and Evaluation of Cultural Theme Tourist Hotels (LB/T 064-2017), Basic Requirements and Evaluation of Tourist Home Accommodation (LB/T 065-2017), Boutique Tourist Hotels (LB/T 066-2017) and other four industry standards, It is also clear that tourism homestay refers to "using local idle resources, the host of homestay participates in reception, and provides tourists with small accommodation facilities to experience the local nature, culture, production and lifestyle". It can be divided into urban homestay and rural homestay according to different regions. These standards also stipulate that the operation of tourist homestay should obtain the relevant licenses required by the local government according to law. On July 3, 2019, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China issued and implemented the new version of the Basic Requirements and Evaluation of Tourist Home Accommodation, requiring tourist home stays to establish a star evaluation mechanism. If a home stay does not meet the star requirements during the week of hanging, it will be directly star picked; At the same time, it also clearly stipulates the detailed requirements and standards of B&B in terms of safety and health, safety facilities, safety management system, emergency response plan, safety responsibility, national standards for food safety, ecological environment protection, employee health, etc. "If I hadn't entered the police station this time, I didn't know so many regulations on home stay, nor did I know about them when I registered on Airbnb and other platforms." Wang Yiyang said, "At the time of registration, some platforms have the option of housing qualification, but it's only optional, and it doesn't matter if you don't fill it in. Just communicate with the landlord and let him know that I'm doing this." Zeng Wenwen said that online travel platforms should bear the responsibility of verifying, examining business qualifications and other content, and operators should have the responsibility of verifying the identity of the occupants, The Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Penalties for Public Security and other laws and regulations also involve this. 4. Nowadays, many B&B online travel platforms still have no business qualifications. The venture capital channel of people.com.cn has learned that there are many local regulations, guidelines and management methods for regulating the development of the home stay industry in different provinces and regions of China, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces. Zeng Wenwen said that the regulations at the national level for the management of the home stay industry were not completely clear, and the provinces, autonomous regions and cities gradually introduced more general management measures in recent years. The specifications of different provinces, autonomous regions and cities for home stay and short rent businesses were also different in detail. For example, the Beijing Public Security Administration Regulations on Hotel Industry and the Beijing Tourism Regulations issued by the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism do not clearly require whether a special industry license is required for B&Bs. However, Zhejiang needs a special industry license for home stay operators. The public security system in some areas will benchmark the home stay business against the hotel industry according to the requirements of the Law on Public Security Management Penalties, and will punish violations such as unlicensed operation. Zeng Wenwen said frankly that what people call home stay in daily life is more similar to short rent, that is, third-party short-term accommodation services provided on online tourism platforms such as Airbnb. Most of these services are registered by landlords or operators on the platform for tourists to choose from. Zhang Xiaojun, Chairman of the China Tourism Association Home Inn and Boutique Hotel Branch, said to the media when talking about the legalization of home stay operation that the development of home stay should first solve the problems of safety, sanitation, fire control, etc., and there should be access thresholds. How to legalize urban home stay has become an urgent task. Wu Wenzhi, School of Business Administration of East China Normal University, suggested that the entry threshold of the home stay industry should be set scientifically, the application conditions and business scale of home stay should be defined, and the purpose, characteristics and healthy direction of the development of home stay should be ensured. When encouraging the development of the home stay industry, all localities should set a good threshold and not rush for quick success and instant benefits. Zeng Wenwen suggested that the B&B industry and its related business model are relatively new in China, and the supervision at the level of laws and regulations should be kept up with in time. The latest situation in the home stay industry is that the property rights and management rights of houses are often separated. In this case, the filing of relevant qualifications of employees should be strengthened. At the same time, the online tourism platform should strengthen the insurance liability, and strengthen the authenticity, compliance review and consideration of the performance ability and compensation ability of the operators of natural people's accommodation. As for whether the supervision of the home stay industry is comparable to that of the hotel industry, and whether the operation of the home stay industry requires a special business license, it is necessary to clarify the regional differences in local regulatory provisions in a timely manner, and accelerate the introduction of a more binding national unified norm.
2019-10-14 08:42
Medical beauty disorder behind the labeling and illegal advertising of new oxygen Recently, the media revealed that the new oxygen APP merchants were involved in selling illegal drugs and "Beautiful Diary" falsified reviews, which pushed the new oxygen that was just listed to the forefront. In response, New Oxygen has set up an internal investigation team and taken off the shelves of related institutions. For the medical beauty diary, New Oxygen will launch face recognition technology to further improve the platform's audit capability. The new oxygen event only revealed the tip of the iceberg of medical and aesthetic industry chaos. An industry insider said that some medical and aesthetic institutions attract customers at low prices, driving down the prices of botulinum toxin brands approved by the state, namely Hengli and Baotuoshi, and making money by introducing some "three no's" products. There are also some small beauty agencies that purchase other botulinum toxins and then package them, taking advantage of some consumers' worship of foreign things to exaggerate the effect of botulinum toxins. Once problems occur, these medical and aesthetic institutions either change their appearance or run away. According to the "Consumption Warning of Botulinum Toxin A for Injection" issued by the State Food and Drug Administration, there are two types of Botulinum Toxin A approved for marketing, namely domestic "Hengli" and imported "Baotuoshi". At present, the State Food and Drug Administration has only approved more than ten brands of hyaluronic acid for listing. Behind the chaos, the investment in the medical and beauty industry continues unabated. Internet giants such as Alibaba and JD have entered the market, and industry leaders continue to raise funds: in August 2017, Yuemei completed a round C financing of 80 million yuan; In July 2018, GenMei announced to complete D1 round financing of 50 million dollars; In March this year, Meibei announced the completion of tens of millions of RMB B+round financing; On May 2, New Oxygen landed on NASDAQ. According to the report of China Medical Beauty O2O Market Analysis released by Deloitte in September 2018, the annual scale of China's medical beauty market is expected to reach 481 billion yuan in 2022. "New medicine in old bottles" An insider in the medical beauty industry told the People's Daily Online venture capital channel that some beauty salons without injection qualification would inject medical beauty medicine to customers, but could not show the approval document of the medicine. Some small workshops of "three no" medical and aesthetic drugs also have stores on Taobao. The home page mainly promotes non-invasive beauty products, but when chatting privately, they sell products that have not been registered and approved by the state. According to insiders, the People's Network Venture Capital Channel searched Taobao for a certain smear type beauty product, found some stores with low credit rating and sales, and randomly selected one of them named "Guangzhou Yuemei Electronic Technology" to track. When asked whether to sell botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid, the shopkeeper proposed to add WeChat private chat. According to the information provided by the shopkeeper, the People's Daily Online venture capital channel added a WeChat signal called "AS Atomizer Products Factory Direct Marketing", and the WeChat owner recommended botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid products named "Randy", claiming that the raw materials were imported from France, Then we will further "assemble" in "Guangzhou Yuemei Biotechnology Co., Ltd." to customize branded products and stick logos for customers. The price of "Randy" Botox is 280 yuan per set, and the price of "Randy" Hyaluronic Acid is 200 yuan per set, both of which start at 100 sets. Later, when asked by the VC channel of People's Daily Online in another identity, he said that the raw materials of "Randy" botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid products were imported from Switzerland, and other situations were the same as before. The venture capital channel of people.com.cn did not find the brand "Randy" in the list of botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid approved for listing published by the State Food and Drug Administration. When the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online asked whether another Taobao company named "beauty product manufacturers sell directly" sold botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid products, the shopkeeper proposed to add a WeChat signal named "Guangzhou Meiye cosmetic instrument source manufacturer". The WeChat host said that the state now has too strict control over botulinum toxin. For safety reasons, they only sell botulinum toxin products to regular customers, but can provide hyaluronic acid products. The raw materials are imported from South Korea, and then repackaged according to their operation methods and measurement standards to provide cartoning services. The price of one set of hyaluronic acid ranges from 50 to 1000 yuan, starting from 500 sets. During the inquiry, the person did not explain what brand this hyaluronic acid product is. According to another insider working in the medical beauty industry, at present, medical beauty drugs on the market are divided into three categories: first, regular drugs, which have been approved by China's State Food and Drug Administration; Second, smuggled goods. For example, drugs with relevant certification and approval in South Korea, the United States and Europe have no problems in use in their home regions, but have not been approved by China's State Food and Drug Administration for listing; Third, fake goods are produced by enterprises without medical qualifications. Luan Jie, vice president of the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said that drugs that did not comply with the approval process of national specialized medical institutions and the registration process of the State Food and Drug Administration were illegal drugs. When asked about the low price botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid products, the owner of a Taobao shop called "Guangzhou Aimei Needle free Atomized Micro finishing Products" said, "More than 200 yuan is not enough even for tariff. Why do you think it is an imported product? All the 'Randy' products circulating in the market are purchased from Guangzhou Yuemei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.". Because of the large sales volume of distributors, they created their own platform and sold it to beauty salons under a foreign name. " "Those platforms send empty bottles to the factory without even sticking labels. Instead, the manufacturer directly ships them in cans, and then the platform attaches a specially customized product label, and they directly ship them to the beauty salon." "Guangzhou Aimei Needle free Atomization Micro finishing Product" said the shopkeeper: Other botulinum toxins are packaged after use, which uses Chinese people's worship of foreign things and false propaganda, such as exaggerating the effect in terms of maintenance time, postoperative recovery period, etc. "It's good to turn around when the boat is small. If something goes wrong, change your appearance and continue working." Du Tao said, however, the risks are now high, and some small institutions are less likely to use smuggled goods. In 2016, the State Food and Drug Administration issued the "General Administration's Consumption Warning on Botulinum Toxin A for Injection", Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products designated 77 dealers in 29 provinces nationwide, and "Botox" designated 56 secondary dealers in 30 provinces nationwide. The venture capital channel of People's Daily Online found that the "Guangzhou Yuemei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.", which was only responsible for production and research and development and mentioned in the above shopkeepers' conversation, was not included in the list of these dealers. Enterprise investigation data shows that the company's industrial and commercial information status changed from "in business" to "cancelled" on July 30, 2019. According to the survey conducted by the People's Daily Online venture capital channel, most of the beauty agencies providing slimming needles on Taobao said that their own purchasing channels of Hengli and Baotuoshi were regular, but they refused to disclose the specific purchasing manufacturers on the grounds of involving trade secrets, so it was impossible to know whether the source of goods was the dealer designated by the state. Taobao search results show that the price of 100 "Hengli" thin face needles ranges from 380 to 1500 yuan, and the price of 100 "Botox" thin face needles ranges from 688 to 4388 yuan. In the "high incidence area" of medical accidents, "once an accident occurs, the business promises to compensate 5 million yuan", and the owner of "Guangzhou Yuemei Electronic Technology" repeatedly guarantees, but the real cases in reality are hard to say beautiful. According to the statistics of China Business Industry Research Institute, in 2019, there were more than 10000 medical beauty institutions registered by the domestic health department, and less than 3000 plastic surgeons who had received formal training step by step and met the requirements of the Ministry of Health. The number of plastic surgeons per million people is 2.88, far lower than 20.88 in the United States and 17.54 in Japan. Xiaoxue found a beauty hospital called "Taiyuan Yashilian Medical Beauty Clinic" through microblog in October last year, and then injected two kinds of hyaluronic acid, namely Korean Yiwan and French Sili, for one course of treatment, three injections for each course of treatment. Xiaoxue said, "Before the operation, I had a physical examination, but no blood was drawn, and finally I didn't get the medical report, so the doctor said that I could do it directly. Originally, it was said that the president of the hospital gave me a call, but the day when the surgeon saw the doctor for the first time, he was a young doctor, who gave me a call in a small room." After the injection of Korean Ewan Hyaluronic Acid, Xiaoxue's face appeared a lot of acne, It took more than a month to eliminate. She felt that the persistence of this hyaluronic acid was not good, so she injected France Silly hyaluronic acid in this hospital 10 months later with the recommendation of her friend. The injection of Korean Ewan Hyaluronic Acid Hospital collected a total of more than 8000 yuan from Xiaoxue and 10000 yuan from France Sili. However, France Sili hyaluronic acid is not included in the list of hyaluronic acid products approved for listing in China. "Our goods are sold to some large beauty salons, small beauty salons, agents and distributors." The staff of Guangzhou Meiye Cosmetic Instrument Source Factory said. "The sales volume of our products is very good. Beauty salons and registered plastic surgery hospitals pick up products from us. Smaller beauty salons directly sell the brand of" Randy ". Large plastic surgery hospitals have their own brands. We are responsible for packaging their designated brands. Such designated brands need extra money." "Guangzhou Yuemei Electronic Technology" staff introduction. The People's Daily Online Venture Capital Channel found in the national enterprise credit information publicity system that although the "Taiyuan Yashilian Medical Beauty Clinic", which injected hyaluronic acid to Xiaoxue, has been registered, it has now been included in the abnormal operation list of the market supervision department, and is making a declaration of invalidation of its business license. It is the consumers who pay for the medical beauty disorder. According to media reports, in November 2010, Wang Bei, a "super girl", died unexpectedly at the age of 24 while undergoing cosmetic surgery in Wuhan Zhongpeng Plastic Surgery Hospital, because the cremation expert group could not determine the real cause of death; In January this year, a 19-year-old girl named Xiao Xia died of an accident while undergoing nose augmentation surgery in Guizhou Limekang Surgical Hospital. The hospital in question belongs to Guizhou Limekang Surgical Hospital Co., Ltd., a new third board company; On July 24 this year, the pharmaceutical company allergan recalled textured breast implants worldwide, which may lead to anaplastic large cell lymphoma. At present, 573 people worldwide suffer from this disease, 80% of whom have used the breast augmentation prosthesis, and 15 people died. Luan Jie, Vice President of the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said that the injection of medical and aesthetic drugs such as botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid is invasive medical behavior, that is, medical behavior that may cause trauma to the human body. Such medical behavior can only be operated by medical beauty institutions or public hospitals registered and certified by relevant national departments. Medical beauty institutions are different from ordinary beauty institutions. Ordinary beauty institutions can register with the local industry and commerce department, and generally provide non-invasive beauty services, such as massage, SPA, etc., while medical beauty institutions must register with the relevant health department for approval. The complaints received by the National Consumer Association in 2018 showed that among the specific service complaints, the number of complaints about beauty and hairdressing services rose from the sixth place last year to the fifth place, following remote shopping, network access services, operational Internet services and mobile phone services. The People's Daily Online venture capital channel combed the black cat complaint platform and found that among 505 medical and aesthetic complaints from January 2019 to July 2019, the largest proportion was refusal of refund, 167 in total; The second is fraudulent consumption or induced loans, totaling 112; The third is false propaganda, with 78 articles in total. In addition, the complaint areas are mainly concentrated in the first tier cities in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and the economically developed coastal areas in the east. Market competition and regulatory challenges "The medical beauty market is really big, and will grow bigger and bigger." Du Tao said that with the development of the Internet and the younger medical beauty consumers, APP has become an important channel for many medical beauty institutions to channel. According to the Analysis of China's Medical Beauty O2O Market released by Deloitte in September 2018, the size of China's medical beauty market reached 192.5 billion yuan in 2017, and the compound growth rate of China's medical beauty market from 2013 to 2017 was about 22.0%. From 2018 to 2022, it is expected to grow at an annual compound growth rate of 20.1%, and it is expected to reach 481 billion yuan in 2022. Such a huge market naturally attracted the attention of giants. Ali and JD have entered the Internet medical beauty market in succession: the beautiful artifact signed the agreement on the settlement of Tmall medical beauty platform, and JD and Yuemei reached a strategic cooperation. Existing products in the industry have also begun to finance frequently. Venus, the founder of New Oxygen, also raised his hope for the future in the interview. "The biggest value of BAT is the platform and traffic. I can integrate all the resources of medical institutions and cooperate with their traffic platform." He said that it is equivalent to becoming their supply chain. Du Tao said that APP has become an important channel for medical beauty institutions to attract customers and participate in sharing, but the online platform is only responsible for marketing but not for checking. Therefore, some medical beauty institutions recruit customers online at low prices, make false propaganda, attract customers offline, and then promote expensive projects. What worries Du Tao is that the Yimei APP will eventually be launched, which is more like a "cat and mouse" game for regulators. Du Tao gave an example to illustrate the complexity of the industry: no cosmetic ultrasonic scalpel has been approved in China, but the ultrasonic scalpel is one of the most popular instruments in dermatology in the medical and aesthetic industry. Luan Jie explained that no organization applied for approval of beauty ultrasonic knife products. Any kind of medical device can be approved for marketing only after being strictly tested by the relevant national drug supervision department to ensure its safety and effectiveness, which is a costly and time-consuming process. Dealers are often unwilling to make such a large investment. In addition, there are illegal channels to supply this cosmetic ultrasonic scalpel, so there is no approved cosmetic ultrasonic scalpel appearing in the market in China. Behind the medical and aesthetic chaos, there is also the situation that the market demand has not been met. Wang Yue, a senior cosmetic enthusiast, said that there are too few medical beauty injection products approved in China. She usually goes abroad to inject some products that are not approved in China, such as South Korea or Europe. These products are legal abroad. In the communities of medical beauty e-commerce platforms such as New Oxygen, Genmei and Yuemei, the venture capital channel of People's Daily Online found similar information such as "going to South Korea for cosmetic surgery", "going to South Korea for cosmetic surgery to provide hotels and airline tickets to contact WeChat". The market is also affected by other factors. According to China Medical Beauty Market Insight (2018) published by Yuanzhuo Consumer Industry Research Center, there is no authoritative and professional medical beauty accident certification agency in China at present. In terms of industry self-discipline, the foreign medical beauty market is generally managed by industry associations. However, there are many associations related to the Chinese medical beauty industry, including the Plastic Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Medical Aesthetics and Beauty Credit Association of the Chinese Medical Association, and the Chinese Physician Branch. All associations lack unified management. In fact, market supervision is not without rules to follow. As early as 2012, Beijing issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Administrative Measures of Beijing Medical Beauty Service, which regulates the hierarchical management of Beijing medical beauty institutions and the training conditions for professional institutions. This is the first local management method of the medical beauty service industry in China, setting a model for local industry supervision. Zhu Wei, an expert member of the Sharing Economic Work Committee of the China Internet Association and deputy director of the Communication Law Research Center of the China University of Political Science and Law, said that the corresponding laws are relatively perfect, for example, the Advertising Law of the People's Republic of China, the Interim Measures for Internet Advertising Management, and the Measures for Medical Advertising Management have made provisions on medical advertising, Point out that the effectiveness and safety of products shall not be asserted or exaggerated; In addition, the E-Commerce Law also stipulates that e-commerce operators shall not fabricate transactions, fabricate user evaluations, and delete consumers' evaluations of goods sold or services provided on their platforms. Punishment cases are not uncommon. On June 18, the National Health Commission replied on the issue of "progress and effectiveness in the special treatment of illegal medical problems". From May 2017 to April 2018, the market supervision department inspected 29878 medical beauty advertisements, ordered 743 medical beauty advertisements to correct, 51 institutions closed down for rectification, investigated 251 illegal medical beauty advertisements, and confiscated 2.7 million yuan. Netcom and other departments checked 19612 pieces of information related to Internet medical beauty, ordered 77 pieces of information to be corrected, investigated 55 cases, and fined 300000 yuan. The People's Online Venture Capital Channel searched Taobao with the keyword of "botulinum toxin" and selected several top beauty agencies to query in the national enterprise credit information publicity system. It was found that Beijing Kairunting Medical Beauty Hospital Co., Ltd. violated the Advertising Law of the People's Republic of China by publishing illegal advertisements that had not been reviewed by medical advertisements since March 30, 2017 Article 46: On September 6, 2018, Beijing Administration for Industry and Commerce Haidian Branch imposed a fine of 138454.44 yuan. On September 6, 2018, Anhui Victoria Plastic Surgery Hospital used advertising spokesmen on its website to publicize its medical services and promoted them through Baidu and 360, which constituted illegal advertising and was subject to administrative punishment by Hefei Administration for Industry and Commerce. However, with the rise of mobile Internet, regulators are facing many challenges. Zhu Wei said that at present, the medical beauty industry uses social platforms to publish advertisements, such as WeChat, Weibo, Circle of Friends, live broadcast and other social platforms for online drainage. Offline sales and supervision become more difficult, which also makes it impossible for criminals. In addition, some Yimei e-commerce platforms failed to properly review the qualifications of these merchants, which also gave them an opportunity to "sell dog meat on sheep's head". The new oxygen event is a real example. In Luan Jie's view, the medical and beauty market will eventually become orderly, and institutions that do not obey the rules will be eliminated. At present, a large number of medical and aesthetic institutions have been closed or closed down, which indicates that the whole industry is slowly purifying. In the end, it must be the professionals and institutions who abide by the rules, pay attention to technology, and strive for quality that can survive for a long time. For the standardization of the medical and aesthetic industry, Luan Jie suggested that, first, medical and aesthetic institutions should operate in good faith and not rush for quick success and instant benefit; Second, the relevant regulatory authorities should crack down on the illegal beauty agencies and the unscrupulous manufacturers who resell medical and beauty drugs and instruments; Third, consumers should strengthen safety awareness; The media should also assist relevant departments in popularizing knowledge, so that there is no living space for "smuggled goods" and "fake goods". (At the request of the interviewer, Du Tao, Wang Yue and Xiao Xue are pseudonyms.)
2019-08-28 08:24
