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Specific differences between ntfs and FAT32 Differences between FAT32 and NTFS Before the introduction of FAT32 file system, the file system usually used by PC was FAT16. Systems such as MS-DOS based and Win 95 use FAT16 file system. In Win 9X, FAT16 supports a maximum of 2GB partitions. We know that computers store information in Hard disk Within the area called Cluster on the. The smaller the cluster used, the higher the efficiency of saving information. In the case of FAT16, the larger the partition, the larger the cluster, and the lower the storage efficiency, which will inevitably result in a waste of storage space. And with the continuous improvement of computer hardware and applications, FAT16 file system can no longer meet the requirements of the system. In this case, the enhanced file system FAT32 is introduced. Compared with FAT16, FAT32 has the following characteristics: 1. The biggest advantage of FAT32 over FAT16 is that it can support 2TB (2047GB) disks, but cannot support partitions smaller than 512MB. Windows 2000 based on FAT32 can support partitions up to 32GB; The maximum partition supported by Win 2000 based on FAT16 is 4GB. 2. With smaller clusters, the FAT32 file system can store information more efficiently. For example, the size of both partitions is 2GB. One partition uses the FAT16 file system, and the other partition uses the FAT32 file system. The cluster size of FAT16 partition is 32KB, while that of FAT32 partition is only 4KB. In this way, the storage efficiency of FAT32 is much higher than that of FAT16, which can generally increase by 15%. 3. The FAT32 file system can relocate the root directory and use the backup copy of FAT. In addition, the startup record of FAT32 partition is included in a structure containing key data, which reduces the possibility of computer system crash. ntfs file system NTFS file system is a file system based on security. It is a unique file system structure adopted by Windows NT. It is an advanced file system based on the protection of file and directory data, while taking care of saving storage resources and reducing disk consumption. Windows NT 4.0, which is widely used, uses the NTFS 4.0 file system. I believe that the powerful system security it brings must leave a deep impression on users. Win 2000 uses a newer version of the NTFS file system?? NTFS 5.0， Its introduction enables users not only to operate and manage computers as conveniently and quickly as Win 9X, but also to enjoy the system security brought by NTFS. The features of NTFS 5.0 are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. NTFS can support partitions (called volumes if dynamic disks are used) up to 2TB in size. The FAT32 in Windows 2000 supports a maximum partition size of 32GB. 2. NTFS is a recoverable file system. Users rarely need to run disk repair programs on NTFS partitions. NTFS ensures the consistency of partitions by using standard transaction log and recovery technology. When a system failure event occurs, NTFS uses log files and checkpoint information to automatically restore the consistency of the file system. 3. NTFS supports compression of partitions, folders and files. When any Windows based application reads or writes the compressed file on the NTFS partition, it does not need to be decompressed by other programs in advance. When reading the file, the file will be decompressed automatically; Files are automatically compressed when they are closed or saved. 4. NTFS uses smaller clusters to manage disk space more efficiently. In the case of the FAT32 file system of Win 2000, the cluster size is 4KB when the partition size is between 2GB and 8GB; When the partition size is between 8GB and 16GB, the cluster size is 8KB; When the partition size is between 16GB and 32GB, the cluster size reaches 16KB. In the NTFS file system of Win 2000, when the partition size is less than 2GB, the cluster size is smaller than the corresponding FAT32 cluster; When the partition size is more than 2GB (2GB~2TB), the cluster size is 4KB. In contrast, NTFS can manage disk space more effectively than FAT32, avoiding the waste of disk space to the greatest extent. 5. On NTFS partitions, you can set access permissions for shared resources, folders, and files. The setting of permission includes two aspects: first, which groups or users are allowed to access folders, files and shared resources; The second is what level of access a group or user can have. The setting of access permission not only applies to users on the local computer, but also applies to network users who access files through shared folders on the network. Compared with accessing folders or files under FAT32 file system, the security is much higher. In addition, in Win 2000 in NTFS format, the application of audit policy can audit folders, files, and active directory objects, and the audit results are recorded in the security log. Through the security log, you can view which groups or users have operated on folders, files, or active directory objects at what level, so as to find out the illegal access that the system may face, By taking corresponding measures, this potential safety hazard will be minimized. These cannot be realized under the FAT32 file system.
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