BIM technology and data interaction

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Informatization refers to the historical process of cultivating and developing new productivity represented by computer based intelligent tools, and making it benefit the society. The difference between the intelligent production tool and the production tool in the past productivity is that it is not an isolated and decentralized tool, but A large-scale, top-down and organized information network system. This kind of network production tool is changing people's production mode, working mode, learning mode, communication mode, life style and thinking mode, making human society undergo profound changes.

With the acceleration of the informatization process of China's national economy, the informatization of the construction industry has been put on the agenda. The Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development clearly pointed out that "informatization of the construction industry refers to the use of information technology, especially computer technology and information security technology, to transform and improve the technical means and production organization of the construction industry, improve the management level and core competitiveness of construction enterprises, and improve the management, decision-making and service level of the competent departments of the construction industry. ”The informatization of the construction industry is one of the bases of the informatization of the national economy, and the informatization of management is the top priority to realize the informatization of the whole industry. Therefore, it is the only way for the healthy development of the construction industry to use information technology to transform the construction project management. However, the informatization of construction engineering management in China is not yet mature in terms of ideology and professional promotion. Only some enterprises use a part of information technology in varying degrees and in isolation, and information sharing, exchange and interaction are still not realized.

The BIM technology is used to manage the construction project. The owner sets up the BIM platform and organizes the owner, supervisor, design, construction and other stakeholders to carry out integrated management and full life cycle management of project construction. BIM system is a new kind of information management system, which is more and more used in the construction industry. It requires all parties involved in the construction to integrate all information in a unified database in the process of design, construction, project management, project operation, etc, The real information of buildings is simulated through digital information simulation to provide a platform for the full life cycle management of buildings. In the operation process of the whole system, the Owner, the Designer, the Supervisor, the General Contractor, the Subcontractor, the Supplier and other multi-channel and multi-directional coordination are required, and daily maintenance and management are carried out through the online file management collaboration platform. BIM is a new building information technology, and also a major trend of future building technology development.

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Cloud computing is an internet-based computing method The shared software, hardware and information resources can be provided to computers and other terminals on demand.

The integrated application of BIM and cloud computing is to use the advantages of cloud computing to transform BIM applications into BIM cloud services. Based on the powerful computing power of cloud computing, it can transfer the heavy and complex work in BIM applications to the cloud to improve computing efficiency; The large-scale data storage capability based on cloud computing can synchronize the BIM model and its related business data to the cloud, facilitating users to access and share with collaborators anytime and anywhere; Cloud computing enables BIM technology to go out of the office, and users can connect to cloud services at any time through mobile devices on the construction site to obtain the required BIM data and services in a timely manner.

According to the shape and scale of the cloud, The integrated application of BIM and cloud computing will go through primary, intermediate and advanced development stages. The primary stage is marked by the project collaboration platform. BIM applications of major manufacturers are initially formed at the document collaboration level by accessing the project collaboration platform; The middle stage is marked by the model information platform. The partners develop BIM applications based on the common model information platform, and form BIM applications at the component collaboration level; The advanced stage is marked by an open platform. Users can obtain the required BIM applications from the BIM cloud service platform according to their differentiated needs, and form customized BIM applications.

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Integrated application of BIM and Internet of Things, In essence, it is the integration and fusion of information in the whole process of building. BIM technology plays the role of information integration, interaction, display and management in the upper layer, while IoT technology undertakes the functions of information perception, collection, transmission and monitoring in the lower layer. The integrated application of the two can realize the "information flow closed-loop" of the whole building process, and realize the organic integration of virtual information management and physical environment hardware. At present, BIM is widely used in the design and construction phase, and has begun to extend to the planning and operation maintenance phase. At present, the application of the Internet of Things is mainly concentrated in the construction and operation and maintenance stages, and their integrated application will produce great value.

In the project construction stage, the integrated application of the two can improve the safety management ability of the construction site, determine the reasonable construction schedule, support effective cost control, and improve the quality management level. For example, safety hazards such as inadequate protection at edge openings and some operators not wearing safety belts when working at heights are ubiquitous on the construction site. The Internet of Things application based on BIM can find these hazards in real time and give alarms. The radio frequency identification installed on the safety helmet, safety belt and identification plate of the high-altitude workers can achieve accurate positioning in the BIM system. If the operation behavior does not comply with the relevant regulations, the identification plate and the relevant positioning in the BIM system will alarm at the same time. The management personnel can accurately locate the location of the hidden danger and take effective measures to avoid safety accidents. In the building operation and maintenance phase, the integrated application of the two can improve the efficiency of daily maintenance and repair of equipment, improve the monitoring level of important assets, and enhance the safety protection capability.

The integrated application of BIM and the Internet of Things is currently in its infancy, lacking systematic and operational integration and implementation standards such as data exchange, storage, delivery, classification and coding, and application, and facing laws and regulations, the current business model of the construction industry BIM application software and many other problems, but these problems will be solved with the development of technology and the continuous improvement of management level. The deep integration and application of BIM and the Internet of Things is bound to elevate intelligent construction to a new height of intelligent construction and create a new era of intelligent construction, which is one of the important directions for the future informatization development of the construction industry. In the future, there will be a "smart" big control system of buildings with the Internet of Things as the core and functional classification and mutual communication compatibility as the main characteristics.