1 General

1.0.1 This specification is formulated to ensure the safety of people and public facilities, protect the environment, save resources, and ensure the engineering construction quality and normal operation of the oil depot.

1.0.2 The planning, construction, maintenance and demolition of the oil depot project must comply with this specification.

1.0.3 When the technical measures adopted by the oil depot project are inconsistent with the provisions of this specification, compliance judgment must be carried out.

1.0.4 The contents of this specification are not applicable to the requirements for oil depot engineering under force majeure such as war and natural disasters. The implementation of this specification cannot replace the project quality and safety supervision in the whole life cycle of the project.    

1.0.5 The planning, construction, maintenance and demolition of the oil depot project shall not only comply with this specification, but also comply with the relevant national specifications.    

2 Basic regulations

2.1 Construction principles

2.1.1 The safety facilities, occupational disease protection facilities and environmental protection facilities in the oil depot project shall be designed, constructed and put into use simultaneously with the storage and handling facilities.

2.1.2 The oil depot shall be provided with safety warning signs.

2.1.3 The fire hazard classification of flammable and combustible liquids stored in the oil depot shall comply with the provisions in Table 2.1.3.

Table 2.1.3 Fire Hazard Classification of Flammable and Combustible Liquids Stored in Oil Depot

category		Characteristic or liquid flash point Ft (℃)
nail	B	Ft<28 (excluding hydrocarbon liquids and other similar flammable liquids with 15 ℃ vapor pressure>0.1MPa)
B	A	28≤Ft≤45
	B	45＜Ft＜60
C	A	60≤Ft≤120
	B	Ft＞120

2.1.4 In addition to the provisions in Table 2.1.3, the fire hazard classification of flammable and combustible liquids stored in the oil depot shall also comply with the following provisions:

1. Class B liquid whose operating temperature exceeds its flash point shall be classified as Class A B liquid.

2. Class C and A liquids whose operating temperature exceeds their flash point shall be classified as Class B and A.

3 Class C B liquid whose operating temperature exceeds its boiling point shall be classified as Class B A liquid.

4. Class C B liquid whose operating temperature exceeds its flash point shall be classified as Class B liquid.

 

2.1.5 Classification of storage scale of oil depot shall comply with the provisions in Table 2.1.5.

Table 2.1.5 Classification of Storage Scale of Oil Depot

Grade	Calculated total volume of storage tank in oil depot TV (m3)
super	1200000 ≤ TV (including non crude oil flammable and combustible liquids<1200000)
class a	100000≤TV＜1200000
second level	30000≤TV＜100000
Level 3	10000≤TV＜30000
Level IV	1000≤TV＜10000
Level 5	TV＜1000

Note: 1 TV in the table does not include the volume of zero position tank, relay tank and vent tank.

2. The volume of flammable liquid storage tank with extreme toxicity and high hazard shall be calculated into the total volume of storage tank by multiplying the coefficient 2; The volume of Class A, B and B liquid storage tanks shall be included in the total calculated volume of storage tanks; The volume of Class IIIA liquid storage tank shall be multiplied by a factor of 0.5 to calculate the total volume of storage tank; The capacity of Class C B liquid storage tank shall be multiplied by 0.25 to calculate the total volume of storage tank.

2.1.6 When the calculated total volume of the storage tank of the super oil depot exceeds 520 × 104m3, it shall be determined through comprehensive demonstration in combination with the fire protection facility configuration, environmental impact, social concern, technical economy and other factors.

2.1.7 Accident flushing facilities shall be set up in workplaces where there are strong corrosive materials or toxic substances absorbed by skin and mucosa that can cause acute poisoning.

2.1.8 The oil depot shall be equipped with measures to prevent flammable and combustible liquids and their pollution in the logistics outbound area under accident conditions.

2.1.9 The discharge of various pollutants from the oil depot shall meet the environmental protection standards.

2.1.10 The material selection of equipment and pipelines in the oil depot shall meet the requirements of material properties, operating conditions, external environment, construction and maintenance.     

2.1.11 The starting and ending points of the calculated distance shall be determined according to Table 2.1.11:

Table 2.1.11 Calculation Distance from Start to End

S/N	Buildings, facilities and equipment	Start and end points of calculated spacing
one	road	roadside
two	Railway	Railway center line
three	The Conduit	Pipe center (unless otherwise specified)
four	Ground vertical tank, ground and earth covered horizontal tank	Outer wall of tank
five	Earth covered vertical oil tank	Wall in tank room and its entrance and exit
six	Various equipment set in the open air (including under the shed)	The most prominent outer edge
seven	Overhead power and communication lines	Line center
eight	Buried power and communication cables	Cable center
nine	building or structure	External wall axis
ten	Railway tanker loading and unloading facilities	Center line of railway tank car loading and unloading line, loading and unloading center of end tank car
eleven	Truck tanker loading and unloading facilities	Center of crane pipe or hose nozzle during loading and unloading of truck tanker
twelve	Liquid loading dock	Front line (edge of berthing)
thirteen	Industrial and mining enterprises, residential areas	External wall axis of buildings or structures
fourteen	Hospitals, schools, nursing homes and other public facilities	Enclosure axis; The axis of external wall of buildings (structures) without enclosure
fifteen	Height of overhead power line pole (tower) and communication line pole (tower)	Height from the ground where the electric pole (tower) and communication pole (tower) are located to the top of the pole (tower)

Note: The safety distance and fire protection distance in this specification are plane projection distance unless otherwise specified.

 

2.2 Planning layout

2.2.1 The site selection of oil depot shall meet the requirements of town planning, environmental protection and safety.

2.2.2 The oil depot shall not be located in the area with collapse, active fault, landslide and debris flow or the area with collapse risk after underground mineral exploration.

2.2.3 The storage sites of super, first, second and third grade oil depots shall not be located in areas with seismic fortification intensity of 9 degrees or above.

2.2.4 The flood control standard of super oil depot and first-class oil depot shall be designed according to the return period of not less than 100 years; 2、 The flood control standard of Grade III oil depot shall be designed according to the return period of not less than 50 years; 4、 The flood control standard of Grade V oil depot shall be designed according to the return period of not less than 25 years.

2.2.5 The distance between the oil depot and the residential area outside the depot, public buildings, industrial and mining enterprises, traffic lines, etc. shall not be less than the provisions in Table 2.2.5.

 

Table 2.2.5 Distance between oil depot and residential area outside the depot, public buildings, industrial and mining enterprises, traffic lines, etc. (m)

Note 1: Industrial and mining enterprises in the table refer to enterprises other than petrochemical enterprises, oil depots and oil transmission goods stations. Other facilities refer to oil and gas recovery facilities, pump stations, barrel filling facilities and other facilities equipped with flammable and combustible liquid and gas equipment.

2: Figures in brackets in the table refer to the distance between the oil depot and residential areas and public buildings with less than 100 people or 30 households.

3: The minimum distance between facilities such as storage tanks for extremely and highly hazardous media and residential areas outside the warehouse, public buildings, industrial and mining enterprises, and traffic lines shall be increased by 30% based on the corresponding fire hazard category and the level of the oil depot.

 

2.2.6 The distance between the tank farm (outer wall of the tank) of the petroleum depot and the overhead communication line (or communication transmission tower), overhead power line should not be less than 1.5 times the height of the pole (tower); The distance between the railway tanker and truck tanker loading and unloading facilities, other flammable and combustible liquid facilities in the oil depot and overhead communication lines (or communication transmission towers), overhead power lines should not be less than one time the height of the pole (tower); The distance between the above facilities and overhead power lines with voltage not less than 35kV shall not be less than 30m.

2.2.7 The distance between the enclosure of the oil depot and the blasting site (such as the quarry) shall not be less than 300m.

2.2.8 The distance between two adjacent oil depots and between oil depots and oil transmission stations shall meet the following requirements:

1 When the diameter of the larger tank in the adjacent tank is greater than 53m, the distance between two adjacent tanks should not be less than the diameter of the larger tank in the adjacent tank, and should not be less than 80m.

2 When the diameter of adjacent storage tanks is less than or equal to 53m, the distance between two adjacent storage tanks should not be less than 1.5 times the diameter of the larger one, not less than 60m for earth covered tanks, not less than 50m for storage tanks storing extremely and highly hazardous media, and not less than 30m for storage tanks storing other flammable and combustible liquids.

3 The distance between buildings (structures) and facilities other than storage tanks shall be increased by 50% according to Table 2.2.10 of this specification.

2.2.9 The distance between the oil depot and the petrochemical enterprise shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Refining and Chemical Engineering Project Specifications.

2.2.10 The distance between buildings (structures) and facilities in the oil depot shall not be less than that specified in Table 2.2.10.

Table 2.2.10 Distance between buildings (structures) and facilities in the oil depot (m)

Note 1: "V" in No. 1-7 in the table refers to the single tank capacity of the storage tank, and the unit is m3.

2: Incineration type combustible gas recovery device shall be implemented as per buildings (structures) with open fire and locations, and other forms of combustible gas recovery and treatment devices shall be implemented as per Class A and B liquid pump rooms.

3: The distance between storage tanks, equipment and facilities for extremely and highly hazardous media and other buildings (structures) and facilities in the oil depot shall be increased by 30% on the basis of the provisions in this table according to the corresponding fire hazard category.

4: "-" indicates that there is no fire distance requirement.

2.2.11 The setting of annular fire lane for aboveground storage tank group shall meet the following requirements:

1 Annular fire lane shall be set for the tank group with the total capacity of storage tank greater than or equal to 120000m3.

When more than two tank groups share one ring fire lane, the total capacity of tank group tanks in the ring fire lane shall not be more than 120000m3.

2.3 Construction and acceptance

2.3.1 Measures to ensure personal safety and reduce construction pollution shall be taken during the construction of the oil depot project.

2.3.2 The safety valve of equipment and pipeline can be put into use only after passing the calibration.

2.3.3 The following special data shall be submitted before the oil depot project is put into use:

1 Application form for fire protection acceptance of construction project; 2 Project completion acceptance report and project completion drawings related to fire-fighting facilities; 3 Qualification certificate of fire protection products; 4 Documents proving that building components, building materials and decoration materials with fire performance requirements meet national or industrial standards, and factory certificates; 5 Qualification certificate of fire fighting facilities;

6 Acceptance evaluation report of safety facilities of construction project;

7 Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Construction Project.

2.4 Maintenance and removal

2.4.1 When repairing and dismantling the facilities in the oil depot, safety risk identification shall be carried out, and emergency rescue plans or emergency disposal plans shall be prepared. Forced continuous ventilation measures shall be taken to maintain air circulation when entering the confined space for maintenance and demolition. For the storage tanks, pipelines, pumps, loading and unloading equipment, etc. to be repaired or removed for the production, use and storage of dangerous goods, the residues shall be detected and treated before the removal construction, and the construction can be carried out only after they are qualified.

2.4.2 All components and materials for maintenance and removal shall be cleaned up in time, stored by category and kept in a safe and stable state.

2.4.3 It is prohibited to provide or entrust the hazardous waste generated during the maintenance and dismantling of the oil depot facilities to the unit without business license for collection, storage, utilization and disposal.

3 Storage and transportation facilities

3.1 Storage tank

3.1.1 The above ground storage tank shall be made of steel.

3.1.2 The type selection of storage tank shall be reasonably determined according to the characteristics and quantity of stored materials, storage temperature, storage pressure, environmental protection requirements, etc.

3.1.3 Sealing facilities shall be set between the floating pan and tank wall of internal floating roof and external floating roof tanks. Single tank with volume greater than 5000m3

Full immersion floating trays shall be used for Class A, B and B A combustible liquid inner floating roof tanks.

3.1.4 Splashing is not allowed for the liquid entering into Class A, B, C and A liquid storage tanks.

3.1.5 The connection between pipeline and storage tank shall meet the flexibility requirements.

3.1.6 The storage tank shall meet the requirements of static strength, wind resistance, earthquake resistance, etc. The operating platform and walkway of the storage tank shall be equipped with railings and anti-skid measures shall be taken.

3.1.7 Flame arrester shall be installed on the vent pipe of the following storage tanks:

1 Fixed roof tanks and aboveground horizontal tanks for Class A, B, and C A liquids;

2 Soil covered horizontal storage tanks for Class A, B and B liquids;

3. Internal floating roof storage tank that stores Class A, B, and C A liquids and adopts nitrogen sealing protection system.

3.1.8 Storage tanks for extremely and highly hazardous media shall use closed samplers. Condensate or residual liquid of storage tank shall be discharged into special collection system or equipment in a closed manner.

3.1.9 Containers storing additives shall be equipped with residual liquid drainage measures and collection facilities. The residual liquid shall not be discharged into the drainage system.

3.2 Storage tank group

3.2.1 The distance between adjacent tanks in the aboveground storage tank group shall not be less than that specified in Table 3.2.1.

Table 3.2.1 Distance between adjacent tanks in the aboveground tank group

Note 1: D in the table is the inner wall diameter of the larger storage tank in the adjacent storage tank, and the larger value of the diameter or height is taken for the storage tank with a single tank volume greater than 1000m3.

2: The distance between storage tanks for different types of liquids and storage tanks of different types shall be larger.

3.2.2 The earth covered vertical oil tank shall adopt independent tank room and access. The joint with the pipe trench must be provided with a fireproof and anti-seepage airtight separation wall.

3.2.3 Anti leakage measures shall be taken for horizontal earth covered storage tanks that store liquids that pollute water and soil, and they shall have leak detection function.

3.2.4 The aboveground storage tank group shall be provided with fire dike, which shall be constructed of incombustible materials and must be closed. The fire dike shall be able to withstand the static pressure of the liquid contained within the calculated height range, and the fire resistance limit of the fire dike shall not be less than 5.5 h.

3.2.5 The fire dike of each storage tank group shall be set with at least two steps or ramps for people crossing the dike, and shall be set in different directions.

3.3 Pump area

3.3.1 The oil transfer pump area shall be located outside the fire dike of the storage tank group.

3.3.2 The delivery pump for extremely and highly hazardous media shall be leak free.

3.4 Loading and unloading area

3.4.1 Underwater loading shall be adopted for the loading of Class A, B, C and A flammable liquids.

3.4.2 The extremely and highly hazardous media shall be loaded in a closed manner under liquid.

3.4.3 The oil unloading system for unloading railway tank cars from the lower part shall adopt a closed pipeline system.

3.4.4 The loading header shall be equipped with an accident shut-off valve for easy operation before entering the loading platform. The shut-off valve shall be outside the loading platform, and the distance from the edge of the loading platform shall not be less than 10 m.

3.5 Pipes

3.5.1 Valves, flanges, threaded joints, bellows, compensators with fillers and other components shall not be installed on the pipe sections above the railway and road.

3.5.2 Class A B, B and C A liquid pipelines shall not be laid in the same trench with thermal pipelines and cables.

3.5.3 When the buried process pipeline outside the warehouse crosses or is adjacent to the municipal pipeline and underground ditch (canal), safety risk analysis shall be carried out, and measures shall be taken to prevent the leaked flammable and combustible liquid and gas from entering the municipal pipeline and underground ditch (canal).

3.5.4 Cut off valves shall be set for combustible liquid pipelines at the convenient places for operation in and out of the reservoir area.

4 Fire fighting facilities

4.0.1 The oil depot shall be equipped with automatic fire alarm system, and the external floating roof storage tank with a single tank capacity of more than or equal to 50000m3 shall be equipped with automatic fire detection device.

4.0.2 The special, first, second and third grade oil depots shall be equipped with independent fire water supply systems. Fixed fire cooling water system shall be set for aboveground vertical storage tanks with a capacity of more than or equal to 3000m3 or a tank wall height of more than or equal to 15m.

4.0.3 The fire cooling water system shall be equipped with fire hydrants. The setting of fire hydrants shall meet the following requirements:

1 The number of fire hydrants for mobile fire fighting cooling water system shall be determined according to the fire water volume required for tank cooling and fire extinguishing and the protection radius of fire hydrants, but the fire hydrants within 15m from the tank wall shall not be included. The protection radius of fire hydrant shall not be greater than 120m.

2 The distance between fire hydrants set for fixed fire water system of storage tank shall not be more than 60m.

3 Fire hydrants set on fire water pipes in cold areas shall be provided with anti freezing and venting measures.

4.0.4 The fixed foam fire extinguishing system shall be used for the above ground vertical storage tank of water-soluble liquid with a capacity of more than 500m3 and other above ground vertical storage tanks of Class A B, B and C A combustible liquid with a capacity of more than 1000m3.

4.0.5 The oil depot shall be equipped with fire-fighting equipment.

4.0.6 When the calculated total capacity of the storage tank of the super oil depot is greater than or equal to 2400000m3, the fire water consumption shall be the sum of the foam water consumption and the maximum water consumption of the cooling storage tank required for simultaneously extinguishing a crude oil storage tank with the highest fire protection requirements and a non crude oil storage tank with the highest fire protection requirements. The fire water consumption in the tank farm of other oil depots shall be the sum of foam water consumption and the maximum water consumption required for cooling the tank for the tank with the highest fire fighting requirements.

4.0.7 The super oil depot shall be equipped with a fire station.

4.0.8 The main fire water pump of the super oil depot and the first-class oil depot shall be electric pump, and the standby pump shall be diesel pump, and the capacity of the standby pump shall not be less than that of the main pump.

5 Water supply and drainage

5.0.1 Domestic water supply pipeline shall meet the following sanitary protection requirements:

1 It is forbidden to connect directly with non domestic water supply pipeline;

2 When the domestic water supply pipeline passes through the polluted underground section, measures shall be taken to prevent the domestic water supply from being polluted;

3 The drain pipe of domestic water supply pipeline and overflow pipe of pool shall be provided with isolation measures to prevent pollution.

5.0.2 It is strictly prohibited to use the anticorrosive coating in the domestic water supply pipeline containing toxic organic solvents and adhesives.

5.0.3 All drainage systems shall not be interconnected. When domestic sewage needs to be discharged into the production sewage system, measures must be taken to prevent harmful gases in production sewage from flowing into domestic facilities.

5.0.4 The production sewage pipeline shall be provided with water seals at the following positions, and the height of the water seal shall not be less than 250mm:

1. Drainage outlet of tank group or other facilities and buildings, structures, pipe trenches, etc;

2 The main drainage pipe is on the pipe inside the enclosure when passing through the enclosure of the oil depot;

3 At proper intervals on the main pipe.

5.0.5 Sewage shall be collected and treated.

6 Electrical facilities

6.0.1 The fire pump station and foam station of super, first, second and third grade oil depots shall be equipped with emergency lighting.

6.0.2 The distribution cable of emergency cut-off valve and fire pump in oil depot shall be copper core cable, and shall be directly buried or laid in cable trench filled with sand. Cables that need to be laid on the ground in local sections shall be flame retardant cables.

6.0.3 The storage tank must be grounded for lightning protection, and the grounding points shall not be less than 2.

6.0.4 Electrostatic grounding measures shall be taken for equipment and pipelines that can generate electrostatic hazards in explosion hazard areas.

6.0.5 The workplace for Class A B, B and C A flammable liquids shall be equipped with devices to eliminate human static electricity.

6.0.6 Electrical equipment in explosion hazardous areas shall be explosion-proof.

7 Automatic control and telecommunication facilities

7.1 Automatic control system and instrument

7.1.1 Combustible gas detection alarm shall be set near the release source of Class A B and Class B A flammable liquid in the special and first-class oil depot; Toxic gas detection alarm shall be set near the release source of extremely and highly hazardous media.

7.1.2 The instrument and control system shall be powered by uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

7.1.3 Combustible liquid storage tanks shall be equipped with liquid level remote continuous measuring instruments, and high and low level alarms shall be set in the control system; Storage tanks for extremely and highly hazardous media, Class A B and Class B A flammable liquid storage tanks with a capacity of more than or equal to 10000m3, and other flammable liquid storage tanks with a capacity of more than or equal to 20000m3 shall be provided with high high liquid level interlocking cut-off feeding measures.

7.1.4 Flammable liquid loading facilities shall be equipped with overflow control system.

7.2 Telecommunications

7.2.1 The oil depot shall be equipped with fire alarm telephone and television monitoring system.

7.2.2 The monitoring scope of the television monitoring system shall cover the storage tank area, combustible liquid loading and unloading area, main facility entrances and exits, etc.

8 Buildings (structures)

8.0.1 The minimum fire resistance rating of productive buildings (structures) in the oil depot shall comply with the provisions in Table 8.0.1. The components of buildings (structures) shall not be made of combustible materials.

Table 8.0.1 Minimum Fire Resistance Rating of Productive Buildings (Structures) in Oil Depot

Note: The fire resistance limit of roof load-bearing components and top surface is unlimited.

8.0.2 When the power transformation and distribution room of 10kV and below power transformation and distribution equipment is adjacent to the flammable liquid pump room (shed), the following requirements shall be met: 1. The partition wall shall be a firewall without doors and windows. Pipes unrelated to the power transformation and distribution room shall not pass through the partition wall. All holes through the wall shall be tightly filled with fireproof sealing materials. 2 The doors and windows of the power transformation and distribution room shall be opened outwards, and the door shall be located outside the explosion hazard area of the pump room. Windows located within the explosion hazard area shall be sealed and fixed, and warning signs shall be set. 3 The floor of the power transformation and distribution room shall be at least 0.6m higher than the outdoor floor of the pump room (shed).

8.0.3 When leakage of storage tank is likely to pollute groundwater or the surrounding environment, anti leakage measures shall be taken for storage tank foundation.

8.0.4 Mechanical ventilation facilities shall be provided in rooms equipped with Class A B and Class B A inflammable and extremely and highly hazardous media.

9 Auxiliary facilities

9.0.1 Effective measures shall be taken in the design of boiler room to reduce the impact of waste gas, waste water, solid waste residue and noise on the environment.

9.0.2 The oil tank in the oil fired boiler room shall be installed in a separate room, and the indoor oil tank shall be a closed type oil tank, which can automatically stop oil supply. The oil tank shall be equipped with a vent pipe directly to the outside.

9.0.3 Liquefied gas tank for ignition in oil fired boiler room shall not be stored in boiler room, but in special room.

9.0.4 The gas pressure regulating device shall be set on the enclosed outdoor site or in the independent buildings and structures on the ground, not in the underground buildings and structures.

9.0.5 Condensate heated with strong corrosive substances shall not be recycled. Condensate of heated oil tank and toxic substances shall not be recycled and discharged after being treated to meet the standard