Huangyaguan Great Wall is located in the high mountains 30 kilometers north of Jizhou District, Tianjin. The whole section of the Great Wall is built on a ridge 736 meters above sea level, with a total length of 42 kilometers. It is part of the ancient Great Wall of China. There are 66 towers, namely 52 enemy towers and 14 beacon towers. It is a military and dangerous place in eastern Beijing.[3-4][17]
Huangyaguan Great Wall was built in the seventh year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (556),[5]In the Tang Dynasty, An Lushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and once stationed his elite army Xiongwu Army here,[17]In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang was the commander in chief of Jiliao and guarded Jizhou for 16 years. During this period, he rebuilt the Great Wall at Huangyaguan Pass and addedPhoenix TowerBagua Street and many towers.[4]Yongle Year of the Ming DynastyHuangyakou Pass was built, Taiping Village was built in the second year of Chenghua (1466), and after overhaul in Longqing and Wanli years, Zhengguan, Shuikou, Dongxishaocheng, Brick Pier and other facilities were completedDefense engineeringSystem.[4]From 1985 to 1987, the Tianjin Municipal Government restored the two open points of Huangyaguan and Taipingzhai of the ancient Great Wall in Jixian County (now Jizhou District).[20]In October 1986, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was repaired in three phases.[21]
In 1990, Huangyaguan Great Wall was selected as one of the "Ten Sceneries of Jinmen";[9]In 2001, Huangyaguan Great Wall was rated as one of the first national 4A scenic spots by the National Tourism Administration.[9]；In December 2023, Tianjin Huangyaguan was included in the 11th batch of overseas Chinese international cultural exchange bases.[2]
Chinese name
Huang Yaguan the Great Wall
geographical position
Among the mountains 30 kilometers north of Jizhou District, Tianjin[3][17]
Scenic spot level
Grade AAAA[9]
Famous scenic spot
Huangya Zhengguan, Bagua City, Forest of Great Wall Steles, etc[6]
The rocks on the cliff on the east side of Guancheng are mostly yellow brown. When the sun sets, the cliff is resplendent, known as the "Yellow Cliff at Night", hence the name of Guancheng.[3]
Historical evolution
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Huangyaguan Great Wall was built in the seventh year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (556).[5]
In the Tang Dynasty, An Lushan stationed his elite troops here - Xiongwu Army.Du Fu wrote in his poem "Yuyang": "To the north of Lushan Mountain, a mighty city will be built, and the old guard will return to his camp. The book will ask Yan Qijiu why he needs 100000 soldiers today." The mighty city in the poem is Huangyaguan.According to Fang Yu's Minutes, "Xiongwu City is in the northeast of the state, and Anlu Mountain was built in 747, the sixth year of Tang Tianbao's reign."[4]
In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang was the commander in chief of Jiliao and guarded Jizhou for 16 years. During this period, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was rebuilt, and the Phoenix Tower, Bagua Street and many towers were built.[4]
In the Yongle year of the Ming Dynasty, Huangyakou Pass was built. In the second year of Chenghua (1466), Taiping Village was built. After overhaul in Longqing and Wanli years, a defense engineering system with complete facilities was built, such as Zhengguan, Shuikou, Dongxishaocheng and Zhuandun.[4]
According to the Jizhou Annals of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, "The Huangya Pass has a side wall of 93 li, starting from the Paramount Valley in the east and ending at the Songpeng roof in the west. There are 45 towers, eight piers and abutments, and a grain storage area of 39 acres and 47 cents." There have been countless soul stirring wars here.[4]
From 1985 to 1987, the Tianjin Municipal Government restored the Huangyaguan and Taipingzhai two open points of the ancient Great Wall in Jixian County (now Jizhou District). A total of 3025 meters of walls, 20 towers and 1 Baguaguan City were repaired, which is the longest part of the Great Wall restoration project in China and continues the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization.[20]
In October 1986, the Huangyaguan Great Wall completed three phases of restoration projects, including the restoration of the Taipingzhai section and the Huangyaguan section of the Ming Great Wall, 3025 meters long, 860 meters long, 25 towers, the city gate, the turret, the gate, the water gate, the water gate, the street and the memorial archway. There are also the Great Wall Museum, the Forest of Great Wall Steles, the restoration of Jixian Great Wall Steles, the Great Wall Resort (Huangya Mountain Villa Hotel), etc.[21]
In 1990, the scenic spot set up a maintenance team to regularly check and maintain the main cultural relics.[21]
In March 1992, the Tianjin Municipal People's Government decided to restore the Shuiguan at the original site. The restored Shuiguan is 75.5m long, with five holes of water tunnels under it, crenellated packways built on it, and a temporary bridge at the opening of Jinwei Highway built beside it. The steel plate paved packways and crenellations on the bridge, which represents the majestic appearance of the "Great Wall at Shuiguan" at Huangyaguan in those days.[21]
In 2001, Huangyaguan Zhengguan Square was reconstructed.[21]
In 2013, the Great Wall's cultural relics and buildings were salvaged and repaired, including four towers, walls and riding tracks in the southeast and northwest, Guanchengkun Garden (Changshou Garden), and the transfer office (museum).Re lay the scenic trail, install protective fences along the Great Wall, build the entrance and exit of Bagua Pass scenic spot, build a mountain goods market at the exit, and add an access control system.[21]
In 2014, the houses of Xunyuan and Genyuan were uncovered, repaired, repainted, and roads outside the labyrinth and west ring were built.The "Pear Garden" is built on the west side of the Pass City, with a pavilion, a stone table, and a stone bench built in the garden. A walking path is built. At the end, a huge stone stands, with the word "soul" written on it for tourists to visit.[21]
Architectural features
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Huangyaguan Great Wall (Figure 1)
Huangya Guanchang City has cliffs as its screen in the east and cliffs as its base in the west. It has water and land passes, border city bunkers, battle towers, and ancient strongholds and camps. It is famous for its magnificent passes and steep passes, and has been a place of great competition for military strategists of all ages.Qi Jiguang, the commander in chief of Jizhen Town in the Ming Dynasty, redesigned it, wrapped bricks and overhauled it, creating the Bagua City along the Great Wall, and built solid buildings, hollow towers, smoke pier towers, beacon towers and "cattle head and horse face" and other buildings, gathering the essence of the Great Wall in one place. It is small and comprehensive, and is called "the epitome of the Great Wall of China" by Great Wall experts.[19]
Main attractions
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Huangya Zhengguan
Huangyaguan Great Wall (Figure 6)
Huangya Zhengguan, also known as Xiaoyanmen Pass, was built in the Ming Dynasty and is a famous pass along the Great Wall.It connects the Widow Building in the east and Wang Maoding Mountain in the west, with a wall length of 2152 meters.It includes the city wall of the Wengcheng Pass, four city gatehouses in the east, west, north and south, as well as the corner tower, the gate hole, the water gate, the water gate, the memorial archway, the Bagua Street, the sinkhole, the Tiaogong Office and the Phoenix Tower outside the city.The Yellow Cliff on the west side of Shuiguan is right at the gate, on which is built the "Arctic Pavilion", commonly known as Guandi Temple.
Taiping Stronghold and General Platform
Taiping Stronghold and General Platform
Taiping Village is located in the small Ping'an Village, one kilometer southeast of Huangyaguan.The altitude is 400~500 meters.The total length is 873m.Taiping Stronghold holds Chongshan Valley to the east of Huangya Pass.The north valley road of the stronghold is called Tarzigou. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Tartars broke through the city and entered the pass, hence the name.On the east side of the Great Wall of Taiping Village, a new access road with a door opening is built, and the stone forehead of "Taiping Village" is embedded on the door.Taiping Village has six well shaped arches, one pier, and one access gate to the city.There is a small urn in front of the access road to the city. On the square in front of the urn, there is a 8.5m high granite statue of Qi Jiguang, a famous general of the late Ming Dynasty garrison and general of Jizhou.On the west side of the Barbican City, a section of the city wall extends outward for more than 30 meters, with an enemy tower called the Sentry.[4]
The widow's building is a square stone building, built during the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty, and is the most intact of the 52 enemy towers on the Great Wall in Jizhou.The city wall in the widow's building is a brick structure, about 13 meters high, with two floors inside.The outer wall of the lower floor is connected with the city wall, and there are four big brick columns separating the building into four vaulted halls.There are arrow windows on all sides for defensive shooting.A brick ladder is built in the northwest corner, and the upper layer can be accessed along the brick ladder.The upper floor is a rectangular hut, with faucets decorated at both ends of the ridge, and four eaves angles crouching with pottery made lin, phoenix, and lion.The crenellated battlements are built around, and a rectangular hut is built in the middle. The door opens to the north, and there is a window on the left and right. The room can accommodate more than ten soldiers to look out and rest.[4][6]
Wang Maoding Mountain
Wang Maoding Mountain
Wang Maoding Mountain is located to the west of Ganbaguaguan City.Its mountain shape is like an upside down golden bell and an ancient crown, so it is named "Wang Maoding".The peak on the top of Wang hat is the only one. It is majestic and upright. The air pressure is high and the peaks are majestic.As far as you can see from the top, the mountains are arching. The Great Wall winds in the east, the mountains wind in the west, the south is open for thousands of miles, and the north is wild Yanshan Mountain.Clouds and fog rise at the feet, and the sky is filled with gloom. The vast snowy sea is full of love peaks. People in it are like the sky.The tourist climbed up Wangmao Peak Mountain and wrote a poem: "With the ears and eyes on the top of the hat, you can see the city through the screen. The blue water in spring welcomes the wild geese looking for dreams, and the yellow stone in autumn forgets to return home. The pine wind blows the brocade, the sun is purple, and the majestic pulse gives birth to the flowers, and the sunset glow is bright. The tourist came half a step late and missed the opportunity to drink together."[7]
Bagua City
Bagua City
The Bagua City was originally the location of the Great Wall government office, bordering the Ju River in the east and the Wang Maoding Mountain in the west. It was built along the mountain terrain.The Eight Trigrams Region is shaped like an irregular knife handle, and consists of three parts, namely, the urn, the outer city and the inner city, from east to west.There are thoroughfare gates and towers on the east, west and south sides of the city wall. The north city wall does not have a gate because of defense needs, but the Arctic Pavilion is built on the city platform.The ground height difference between the inner city and the outer city is 4m, and one eye gate is set at the south and north ends to connect the inner and outer cities.The streets in the city do not have a chessboard layout, but are composed of dozens of dead alleys, live alleys and staggered Ding Tou, called "Bagua Street".[6]
The Eight Trigrams City was built in the Ming Dynasty, with a circumference of 707 meters and three gates and nine gates. It is distributed according to the eight trigrams of Fuxi, namely Qian, Gen, Zhen, Xun, Li, Kan, Kun, Dui, etc.The south gate is inlaid with "Huangyaguan", the rear plaque is "Jibei Xiongguan", and the other side is "Jintang Consolidation".The "Huangyakou Tiao Office" in the center of the city has been turned into the Great Wall Museum.[6]
Forest of Great Wall Steles
Forest of Great Wall Steles
The Great Wall Forest of Steles is located in the Bagua City, a Qing style building with spacious courtyards.In front and in the middle of the stele corridor, there are two granite stone inscriptions engraved with Mao Zedong's "Not a hero until he reaches the Great Wall" and Deng Xiaoping's "Love me, build my Great Wall".The Great Wall Forest of Steles is the largest forest of steles in northern China, including the forest of Mao Zedong's poems, the forest of hundred generals and the forest of hundred calligraphic steles.[6]
Huangya Shuiguan
Huangya Shuiguan
Huangya Shuiguan is located on the east side of Huangya Zhengguan, across the 泃 River, extending 100 meters eastward from No. 13 Enemy Building, and across the 泃 River to No. 12 Enemy Building, with a total length of 75.5 meters and a height of 12.5 meters.It was built in the 21st year of Yongle (1423) of the Ming Dynasty, rebuilt in the Jiajing period (1522-1566), and rebuilt again in the 15th year of Wanli (1587).The crenellated packway is built on the top, and the five hole water tunnel is set below. The peaks on both sides of the river seem to be cut by axes and stones, standing on steep cliffs. The situation is dangerous.The current under the gate is swift and impenetrable. It is the second ancient military defense line to the south of Phoenix Tower and close to Bagua City.In 1992, the Tianjin Municipal People's Government repaired the site.The lower part is built with stone foundation blocks and the upper part is built with black bricks. There is a 3-meter wide passage on the top of the wall, with pheasant dishes beside it. There are five arched water tunnels under it, which are "bone and flesh connected" with the Huangya Zhengguan Pass. It is the famous Shuikou Pass of the Great Wall in Jingdong. Each of the five drainage tunnels is equipped with an iron fence to prevent floods from destroying the Great Wall in the rainy season.[18]
museum
Huangyaguan Great Wall Museum is located in the center of Huangyaguan Great Wall Baguaguan City, Huangyaguan Village, Xiaying Town, Jizhou District - Tiaoguan Office. Built in October 1986, it is the first historical museum along the Great Wall.[8]
The building layout of the museum is a Qing style antique quadrangle.It is composed of the front hall, east and west side halls and the main hall, covering an area of 1805.37 square meters, and the overall exhibition hall is in the shape of "I".The plaque "Tianjin Huangyaguan Great Wall Museum" is hung above the center of the front hall, which was inscribed by Mr. Qi Gong, the former chairman of the Chinese Calligrapher's Association and a famous calligrapher.In the center of the courtyard stands a white marble stone tablet with the inscription "Rebuilding the Great Wall Tablet of Jixian County" carved on the front, which was written by Mr. Gong Wang, the former chairman of Tianjin Calligraphers Association, with chicken hair in Chinese script;The inscription on the back records the historical evolution of the Great Wall, the construction process of the Great Wall in Jizhou District and the grand event of the people of Tianjin to rebuild the Great Wall.[8]
The indoor exhibits of Huangyaguan Great Wall Museum are divided into three parts: First, the historical review of the Great Wall;Second, the geographical location and construction history of the Great Wall in Jizhou District;Third, historical materials related to the restoration of the Great Wall.A total of 338 pieces of precious cultural relics and historical documents are displayed, showing the historical evolution and architectural characteristics of the Great Wall in Jizhou District, which is of great value to the study of the history of the Great Wall.[8]
Honors won
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In December 1987, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was listed as a part of the World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.[12]
In 1990, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was selected as one of the "Ten Sceneries of Jinmen".[9]
In 1994, Huangyaguan Great Wall was approved by Tianjin Municipal Government as Tianjin Youth Education Base.[12]
In May 1994, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was rated as a patriotism education base by the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and the Tianjin Municipal Government.[12]
In 1995, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was approved by the Communist Youth League Municipal Committee as one of the top ten cultural and entertainment venues for young people in Tianjin.[12]
In October 1996, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was rated as a national defense education base.[12]
In 2001, Huangyaguan Great Wall was rated as one of the first national 4A scenic spots by the National Tourism Administration.[9]
In January 2004, Huangyaguan Great Wall was the first tourist attraction in the city to pass ISO9000 certification.[12]
In December 2009, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was named the Chinese Traditional Culture Education Base by the National Project to Promote the Development of Traditional Culture.[9]
In September 2012, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was approved by the Tianjin Municipal People's Government as a scenic spot in Tianjin.[12]
In October 2012, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was awarded the "Base for Respecting the Elderly" by the Aging Working Committee of Tianjin Municipal People's Government.[12]
In March 2013, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was listed as the Tianjin Volunteer Service Base by the Tianjin Municipal Commission of Spiritual Civilization Construction.[12]
On September 26, 2013, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was awarded the first national "Respecting the Elderly Civilization" by the National Commission on Aging.[12]
On November 29, 2014, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was awarded the title of "Tianjin 2012-2014 Civilized Unit" by Tianjin Municipal Commission for Spiritual Civilization Construction.[12]
On February 5, 2015, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was listed as the 2014 National Ecotourism Demonstration Area by the National Tourism Administration and the Ministry of Environmental Protection.[12]
On April 28, 2017, Huangyaguan Great Wall was named by the Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League as the 2017 Tianjin Youth "Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Excellence" Advanced Collective.[12]
On December 1, 2017, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was rated as a civilized unit in Tianjin from 2015 to 2017 by the Tianjin Municipal Commission for Spiritual Civilization Construction.[12]
On December 4, 2017, Huangyaguan Great Wall was approved by Tianjin Municipal Commission of Spiritual Civilization Construction as the honorary title of Tianjin Excellent Volunteer Service Post (Station).[12]
In December 2023, Tianjin Huangyaguan was included in the 11th batch of overseas Chinese international cultural exchange bases.[2]
protective measures
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On October 4, 1985, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was approved by the Tianjin Municipal Government as a municipal key cultural relics protection unit.[12]
Historical culture
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Tablet Inscription
Stele of Changshou Garden
Respecting the elderly and eulogizing longevity are traditional virtues of Chinese culture, which have existed for nearly 2000 years.In Shangshu Hongfan, "Longevity" is the first of the five blessings. The Book of Songs has many chapters, and it is often seen that "Long life is boundless".Throughout the dynasties, the government and the people showed respect for the elderly by eulogizing longevity, and corrected customs to cultivate benevolence.Today's main politicians attach great importance to their work, which is the law to protect the elderly. Respect for the elderly is the important task of governance and pacifying the people, so all parties follow suit and become popular.In order to cultivate the youth's respect for the elderly and materialize the construction of spiritual civilization, the Tianjin Youth Federation has decided to establish a landmark project for Tianjin youth. It has discussed with the newspaper office tonight and the People's Government of Jixian County, Tianjin, to build a Longevity Park as the first project, and to build a new style to comfort the elderly in the evening and encourage young people to cultivate their moral integrity.This kind of good deed is rare in previous generations and beneficial to later generations.[13]
Rebuilding the Great Wall Tablets in Jixian County
The Great Wall originated in the Warring States Period and has been built in many dynasties.The Great Wall in Jizhou District existed in the Sui Dynasty, and its contribution was accomplished in the Ming Dynasty.Huangyaguan was built in Yongle, Taiping Stronghold was built in Chenghua, and then Jiajing built the side wall to create the enemy. It is the top of the Yanshan Mountain where the dragon swims, and the tiger stands on the side of the water. The soul of the nation stands proudly.The valley and the yellow cliff are shining at sunset. The scenery is magnificent and strange.As time goes by, disasters and calamities happen, and the walls and abutments collapse, the style and features are not what they used to be.In September 1984, Deng Xiaoping, director of the Central Advisory Committee of the Communist Party of China, called for "love China and build the Great Wall". The Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Tianjin Municipal People's Government took the initiative to respond. People from all walks of life enthusiastically donated money and received more than 16 million yuan.The whole people worked together, the military and the people worked together, and the grand event was accomplished in three years.It is planned to repair three thousand and twenty-five meters of side walls, twenty enemy towers, one Huangya Pass, and build a forest of Great Wall steles and a museum of the Great Wall.At that moment, the terraces were uneven, the walls were winding, the ancient pass was magnificent again, the mountains and rivers were beautiful, the scenic spots were reminiscent of the ancestors, and the treasures benefited future generations.He has made great achievements, and he is determined to rein in the stone.[13]
Legends
Wang Maoding Mountain and Xiaoqing Snake Valley
Wang Maoding Mountain is like a laurel crown on the head of a lord in feudal society. It looks strange and dense, with steep cliffs and strange rocks. It has the flavor of Huangshan Mountain.There is a long and narrow valley called "Little Green Snake Valley" on the back slope of Wangmao Peak.Strange to say, even if the sky is clear, as long as the weather changes, a wisp of blue smoke rises from the bottom of the ditch first, then crawls along the hillside, gradually expanding, one piece, two piecesIt is getting bigger and bigger, covering the mountainside and the top of the mountain. Even the city wall cannot be seen, and then it will inevitably rain erratically.[14]
As for the origin of "Little Green Snake Valley" and "Wang Maoding", there is a wonderful legend.And it has an indissoluble bond with the "Legend of White Snake".Xiao Qing and Bai Niangzi originally practiced in the Bailong Cave of Mount Emei. Later Xu Xian went to Mount Emei to collect herbs. Bai Niangzi fell in love at first sight and followed Xiao Qing to Hangzhou, which led to a series of stories such as "borrowing umbrellas from the West Lake".Later, the white snake was pressed under the "Leifeng Tower". In order to save the white snake, the little green snake needed another 500 years of practice. She dared not return to Mount Emei, so she rode north. Having taken a fancy to the quiet place of Yanshan, she went into the mountain to practice. Five hundred years later, she saved the white snake and returned to the ancient cave of Yanshan.After hearing the news, the Jade Emperor sent his heavenly troops and generals to pursue him along the way, but he could not win.Finally, Li Jing, the king of heaven, took off his crown and turned it into a mountain, which fell from the sky and pressed the green snake down.From then on, the ditch where Green Snake lived was called "Little Green Snake Valley", and the steep peak on the ditch was called "Wang Maoding Mountain".[14]
Legend of the Widow Building
In Taipingzhai Great Wall, there is an enemy tower called "widow tower". For hundreds of years, due to wind and rain erosion and man-made destruction, most of the enemy towers along the Great Wall have been damaged, but this one stands intact in the mountains. The preservation of the tower is attributed to the conscious protection of local people. They said that this tower was built with the painstaking efforts of 12 women.It is also said among the local people that during the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty, when Qi Jiguang commanded to pack bricks to repair the Great Wall, there was a group of soldiers from Henan, including the wives of twelve soldiers. Seeing their husbands hadn't returned for several years, they went to the border to look for husbands. They lived outdoors, climbed mountains and waded rivers, and finally came to the Great Wall in Jizhen after thousands of hardships,However, the news they learned was not that their husband was safe, but that they had all given their lives to build the Great Wall. Hearing this sad news, twelve women were extremely sad and cried bitterly.Qi Jiguang, the commander in chief, gave them rich silver and persuaded them to talk about the significance of building the Great Wall and persuade them to go home to honor their parents and raise their children.These women suppressed their grief and decided to donate these silver coins as the cost of building the Great Wall. They took the initiative to stay and join in building the Great Wall. Finally, they built the enemy tower. Later, people remembered their profound sense of justice.In order to share the sorrow of the country, we named this enemy tower Widow Tower.Some literati chanted poems and wrote articles extolling their noble sentiments, calling them "heroes among women". One article of "the patron saint of the Great Wall" wrote that: Great is the city of thousands of miles, magnificent is the widow's building, thousands of miles to find a husband is not afraid of far away, couples change their hearts, twelve widows follow their husbands, and go to follow the Chinese soul.In 1985, when the Great Wall was rebuilt and the foundation was cleaned, copper thimbles, copper hairpins, bone hairpins and other women's articles were found. At the same time, a "tripod building monument" of Henan battalion capital division was also unearthed. The inscription specifically records the construction of the Great Wall by soldiers of Henan battalion, which fully shows that this enemy building was built by soldiers of Henan. Whether women participated in the construction, although there is no text to test,However, from the women's articles found in the Qing Dynasty, it can be proved that there were women living in the camps in Henan at that time. With the evidence of cultural relics, this legend has certain credibility.[14]
Qi Jiguang and Huangyaguan
At the square in front of Taipingzhai Wengcheng in Huangyaguan Great Wall Scenic Area, there is a granite statue with a height of 8.5 meters. The statue is a national hero Qi Jiguang who fought against the forces of the Yuan Dynasty, guarded the Great Wall in Jizhen Town, and shook the border villages for 16 years in the Ming Dynasty.[15]
Qi Jiguang (1528-1587) was a famous general and famous militarist who fought against Japanese invaders in the Ming Dynasty.Yuan Jing, No. Nantang, was born in Dengzhou, Shandong (now Penglai, Shandong).At the age of 17, when his father died of illness, he inherited his father's position as the commander of Shandong Dengzhou Wei.[15]
In the summer of the second year of Longqing (1568), after quelling the Japanese pirates' rebellion in the southeast coast, the imperial court appointed Qi Jiguang as the commander of Jizhen Town on the recommendation of Tan Lun, governor of Baoding, Jiliao. The guarding area starts from Shanhaiguan in the east and ends at Juyongguan in the west.Qi Jiguang's appointment as the general of Ji Town coincided with a time when the border affairs of Ji Town were seriously confused and the remaining cavalry harassed repeatedly.At that time, the most urgent task was to establish a brave and skillful army as soon as possible to curb the arrogance of the Canyuan forces.In order to prevent the invasion of the Northern Canyuan forces, Emperor Longqing issued an edict to mobilize 30000 infantrymen and 3000 Zhejiang soldiers, who were specially trained by Qi Jiguang to build a brave and good fighting army.In order to get rid of the dilemma of border affairs, the imperial court approved Qi Jiguang's proposal of "creating hollow enemy towers and planning for the Great Wall to be prepared by the border".More than 1100 hollow enemy platforms were repaired in three years. By the fifth year of Longqing (1571), all the Great Wall defense facilities within the defense scope of Jizhen Town had been completed.The completion of the hollow enemy platform not only improved the Great Wall defense system, but also accumulated experience for the comprehensive reform of the Great Wall defense system.[15]
Tourism information
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geographical position
Huangyaguan Great Wall is located in the high mountains 30 kilometers north of Jizhou District, Tianjin. Centered on the city, it extends to the two cliffs of Xihe River and ends at Banlagang Mountain in the east, with cliffs as the screen yellow;Reaching Wangmao Peak Mountain in the west, there are cliffs to lean on. The whole section of the Great Wall is built on a ridge 736 meters above sea level.[3-4][17]
Huangyaguan Great Wall Scenic Spot
Notice to Visitors
1、 The Great Wall at Huangyaguan adopts the one person one ticket system. The ticket is only for admission, and can only be used within the validity period. If it expires, please do not fold the ticket or damage the ticket bar code.[16]
2、 Adult coupon: 85 yuan/person (70 yuan/person for the Great Wall, 20 yuan/person for the Eight Immortals Ancient Cave), elderly and student coupon: 45 yuan/person.[16]
3、 Ticket exemption scope:
1. Active servicemen, disabled servicemen, demobilized veterans and retired military cadres can enjoy free tours with valid certificates.[16]
2. Elderly people over 70 years old can visit for free with their old age card.[16]
3. People with disabilities can visit free with the People's Republic of China Disability Certificate.[16]
4. Children below 1.2m can visit for free.[16]
5. University, middle school and primary school students (excluding adult education) can enjoy student tickets with their student cards.[16]
6. Elderly people over 60 years old can enjoy old age ticket with their own old age card or ID card.[16]
Traffic routes
Self driving route
Tianjin: Exit of Jizhou District of Tianjin Jizhou Expressway - turn left from the North Outer Ring Road to the fire brigade of Jizhou District - cross the railway and go straight north to Huangyaguan.[11]
At the exit of Jizhou District of Tianjin Jizhou Expressway - from the North Outer Ring Road to the fire brigade of Jizhou District, go east - the second line of Jinwei North goes straight to Huangyaguan.[11]
Beijing: Beijing - Pinggu - Jinhai Lake - turn left at Wangzhuang Bridge - go straight to Huangya Pass.[11]
bus line
Tianjin: Tianjin Passenger Station - Jizhou District Passenger Station - transfer to village bus - go straight to Huangyaguan Great Wall Station.[11]
Tianjin Railway Station - Jizhou District Railway Station - Transfer to Gujie Xikou Station - Transfer to Village to Village Bus - Direct to Huangyaguan Great Wall Station.[11]
Beijing: Beijing Passenger Station - Jizhou District Passenger Station - transfer to village bus - go straight to Huangyaguan Great Wall Station.[11]
Beijing Railway Station - Jizhou District Railway Station - Transfer bus to Gujie Xikou Station - Transfer bus to every village - Direct to Huangyaguan Great Wall Station.[11]
Tour Route
Line A (Bagua Pass City Line): Pass, Bagua Maze, Longevity Park, Museum, Forest of Steles, Hundred Pine Garden, Huangya Zhengguan, Hall of Fame, Arctic Pavilion, and finally the Great Wall.On the way, you can view the crisscross Bagua Street, the first Great Wall Museum in China, the forest of seal cutting steles, the forest of hundred generals' steles, the forest of hundred steles, the forest of Mao Zedong's poetry and calligraphy steles, the pear garden, the Taipei stele garden, Liu Bingnan's calligraphy stele garden, as well as more than 100 kinds of pine trees with different tastes and shapes, the Xuanwu Emperor Temple and the longevity map.[10]
Tour Line B (Taipingzhai Great Wall Line): Take a sightseeing bus to Taipingzhai Road, Taipingzhai Parking Lot, Wengcheng, and climb the Great Wall.Along the way, you can enjoy many landscapes such as Taipingzhai Archway, Organic Farm, Half Lagang Mountain, Yellow Cliff Sunset, Qi Jiguang Stone Statue and Widow Building.[10]
Tour Route C (Tour Route of the Residual Great Wall): enter from the ticket gate of Baguaguan City Scenic Area to Huangya Zhengguan Square, climb the Arctic Pavilion, meander westward along the Great Wall, pass the Huangya Tianti and Tianmenkou, and arrive at the mysterious Residual Great Wall Scenic Area.There are the best preserved and largest ruins of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty at Huangyaguan, as well as the steep cliff landform, the mysterious Daughter's Forest, and the mysterious Wangmao Peak Mountain.[10]
Business Hours
Summer: 8:00-17:00 and 16:30 from Monday to Sunday;
Winter: 8:30-16:00 and 15:30 from Monday to Sunday.
