Cambodian

South Asian Mon Khmer languages

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synonym Khmer (The main language of Cambodia) generally refers to Cambodian (the language of the Mon Khmer family of South Asian languages)

Cambodian (formerly Khmer) belongs to Austro-Asiatic language family Mon Khmer languages , with Phnom Penh Accent as standard, modern Cambodia It also absorbs a lot Loanwords , including Sanskrit 、 Pali , French, Chinese, Thai Vietnamese Etc. Domestic Beijing Foreign Studies University 、 Guangxi University for Nationalities 、 Yunnan University for Nationalities 、 yunnan normal university And other universities have opened Cambodian language majors. In the middle and late 19th century, Cambodia became a French Protector^[3] , French becomes official language 。 The official language of Cambodia is Cambodian (Khmer).^[1]

Chinese name: Cambodian
Foreign name: Cambodian^[2]

Language family: South Asian Languages Mon Khmer languages
User population: More than 10 million

catalog

one Historical evolution
two Language characteristics
three works and expressions for everyday use

Historical evolution

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Cambodia Formerly known as Khmer.

The historical development of Khmer language can be roughly divided into three periods: (1) Khmer ancestral language and ancient Khmer language period: before the 14th century; (2) Middle Khmer period: the 14th and 19th centuries; (3) Modern Khmer period: after the 19th century.

The Khmer ancestral language has a long history. The language used by Cambodian residents living in 2019 in the early AD is related to the Khmer language in 2019.

In the ancient Khmer language period Indian Culture Cambodia, with far-reaching influence, is unofficially divided into Sanskrit And ordinary people who only speak Khmer. The earliest one found in Cambodia can be dated Khmer The inscription was carved in 611 AD, and the Sanskrit inscription was carved two years later. Sanskrit inscriptions are in the form of poetry, extolling gods, kings Ruling class Or monks; Khmer Monuments, in the form of prose, record the process of temple construction, stipulate the duties of slaves, formulate a tax system, and curse those who attempt to destroy temples. In the 13th century, most Cambodians converted to Theravada Buddhism, Pali The position of.

Khmer Kingdom Later, a large number of scholars and classics of Indian culture gradually changed from Angkor Transferred to Thailand Of Ayuttaya 。 From here to Anzan I During the period, Cambodian language came into being Permanent The position of Khmer language has risen greatly due to the change of.

In the middle and late 19th century, Cambodia became a French Protector , French becomes official language 。 Khmer language is rejected and is not taught in schools. After Cambodia's independence, Khmer became the official language again and was written into the Constitution. During this period, in order to solve the problem of the lack of modern political, economic, scientific and technological vocabulary in the Khmer language, the Buddhist monk king and Cambodia Buddhist Academy A large number of words were borrowed from Pali language to create modern Khmer vocabulary. The Khmer Dictionary was compiled, which effectively protected Khmer language and Khmer culture from being replaced by French.

Language characteristics

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Cambodian Consonant Alphabet

Cambodian orthography from consonant , vowels, high consonant, low consonant, overlapping consonant and blocking consonant, vowel High vowel 、 low vowel 、 Compound vowel And independent vowels.