Tongwei shadow play is a comprehensive traditional art, which belongs to a kind of puppet play.Shadow play is also called lantern shadow and lantern play.During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Tongwei was in vogue.Its singing is mainly about Daoqing, with few tunes and monotonous music.Sheepskin is the main raw material for carving actors and props, which is characterized by fine production and vivid modeling.Later, it was carved in cowhide, and the singing became increasingly rich.By the end of the Qing Dynasty, an independent drama was formed.It is different from foreign shadow puppetry in the following characteristics: the singing style has developed from the original Daoqing style into five categories, namely adagio, flowing board, flying board, Daoqing style, and loose board, with 13 styles.They are both strong and vigorous.In the performance, the characters mainly use sending boards and fence boards to enter and leave the scene;The shadow man is carved with a rough knife, and the color block is large and bright;The shadow man's head is high in front and low in back, and his forehead is broad, which is the crystallization of the wisdom and art of the working people.[1]
Tongwei Shadow Play has a wide range of themes. Traditional programs mainly focus on drama and stories, and are good at performing folk fables, deification, fantasy and exaggeration.Shadow puppetry is usually performed at night. The artist manipulates the shadow actor and props with a small pole, and projects them on the "light" made of white cloth or paper by means of light. Sometimes in the daytime, it is performed by oblique projection of sunlight, called "shadow of the sun".The use of musical instruments is the same as that of Qin Opera, except for fishing drums and simple boards.There are five or six actors in each class, and everyone is singing in tandem.
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As a folk art, the story of Tongwei shadow play is generally more tortuous and vivid, simple and clear style, simple and interesting, popular with the masses, and has a strong mass character.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the attention and support of the relevant departments, the performing arts of shadow puppets have been constantly improved. The shadow puppetry classes organized at the county level have participated in provincial and local rehearsals and performances for many times, and have been well received.
