Tongzhou District, ChinaBeijingSubordinateMunicipal district，yesBeijing Urban Sub center，Beijing Municipal People's GovernmentLocation。Located in the southeast of Beijing,Beijing Hangzhou Grand CanalThe north end is located in the flood alluvial plain of Yongding River and Chaobai River, with flat terrain, belonging to the continental semi humid monsoon climate zone of warm temperate zone[56]With a total area of 907 square kilometers[3]。As of June 2023, Tongzhou District has jurisdiction over 11 streets, 10 towns and 1 ethnic township[4]。By the end of 2023, Tongzhou District has a permanent population of 1.845 million.[65]
Tongzhou District has a long history. As early as the Neolithic Age, there were human activities in its territory.Lu County was initially built in the Western Han Dynasty, and later renamed Tongtongting, Luxian County, Tongzhou, and Tongxian County.In December 1948, Tongxian County was liberated and divided into Tongxian County and Tongzhou City.In March 1958, after the county and city were transferred from Hebei Province to Beijing, they were merged into Tongzhou District of Beijing.In 1960, it was renamed Tongxian County.In April 1997, Tongxian County was abolished and Tongzhou District was established.Tongzhou calendar is the traffic artery of Jingdong, an important place for water transport and storage.This is the only way to enter Beijing by land and water, which has promoted the economic prosperity of Tongzhou.It enjoys the reputation of "One Beijing (Beijing), Two Weis (Tianjin) and Three Tongzhou"[52]。
In 2023, Tongzhou District will achieve a regional GDP of 130.36 billion yuan, an increase of 5%.The tertiary industrial structure is 1:35.9:63.1.[65]
Chinese name
Tongzhou District
Foreign name
Tongzhou District
Alias
Road pavilion
area number
one hundred and ten thousand one hundred and twelve
Lu County was initially built in the Western Han Dynasty, and later renamed Tongtongting, Luxian County, Tongzhou, and Tongxian County.In December of the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), Tongxian County was liberated and divided into Tongxian County and Tongzhou City.In March 1958, after the county and city were transferred from Hebei Province to Beijing, they were merged into Tongzhou District of Beijing.In 1960, it was renamed Tongxian County.In April 1997, Tongxian County was abolished and Tongzhou District was established.[63]
In the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (195 BC), Luxian County was established as Yuyang County.In Wang Mang's new dynasty, the road was changed into a gateway pavilion, belonging toTongdao County。In the first year of the reform (3), it was renamed Lu.In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25), the county Congshui (Lushui, nowNorth Canal）It is called Lu County, which belongs to Yuyang County.In the 18th year of Jian'an (213), Yuyang County was abandoned and Luxian County was changed into a subordinate countyGuangyang County。After the restoration of Yuyang County, Lu still belonged to it.
In the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty, Lu belonged to the State of Yan.
In the Western Jin Dynasty, Lu still belonged to the State of Yan.In the first year of the post Zhao Dynasty (319), Yuyang County was restored, and Lu belonged to it.The first year of Qianyan (39),Murong XuanOccupy Youzhou, setYanjunLu belongs to it.Jianyuan New Year (30),Fu JianBefore the destruction of Yan, Lu still belonged.In the second year of Yanyuan (385),Murong ChuiOccupying Youzhou, Lu belongs to it.
In the second year of Tianxing in the Northern Wei Dynasty (39),TuobaguiOccupy Yan County and set Yuyang County in Yongnu County (today'sWuqing County）Lu belongs to it.In the first year of Tianping in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (534), Lu still belonged to.In the first year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (550), Yuyang Prefecture was moved to Lu County, where Lu still belonged.In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Lu still belonged to Yuyang County.
In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (583), Yuyang County was abandoned and Lu belonged to Youzhou.In the third year of Daye (607), Youzhou was abandoned and Zhuo County was established, and Luxian County was changed into a subordinate countyZhuojun。
In the second year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (619), Xuanzhou (Yuan Dynasty) Prefecture was set up in Lulu, and the road was changed to Xuanzhou.In the first year of Zhenguan (627)XuanzhouLu County belongs to Youzhou, Hebei Road.At the same time, withdraw from Linyi and return to Lulu.In the fourth year of Kaiyuan era (716), a further analysis of Ludong TribeSanhe County。In the first year of Tianbao (742), Youzhou was changed toFanyang County。In the first year of Baoying (762), Fanyang County was restored to Youzhou and belonged to Lu.
In the first year of Huitong in Liao Dynasty (938), it belonged to Nanjing RoadYoudu Mansion。In the first year of Kaitai (1012), Youdu Mansion was renamedYujin MansionLuxian County is under the jurisdiction of Yujin Prefecture.During the Taiping period (1021-1031)Quanzhou CountyEach partGuoyin County, also under the jurisdiction of the Taejin Prefecture.
In the fourth year of Xuanhe of the Song Dynasty (1122), Youzhou returned to the Song Dynasty and was set up in YouzhouYanshan MansionLu County belongs to Yanshan Prefecture.
In the third year of Jintianhui (1125), Yanshan Mansion was returned to Jin and abandoned. It was changed to Yenching Road Chujin Mansion, and Lu and Guoyin counties were subordinate to it.In the third year of Tiande's reign (1151), the prefecture was set up as a provincial governor in Lulu, which means "water transportation and economic aid", leading Lulu, Sanhe and two counties.In the first year of Zhenyuan (1153), Yanjing was changed into the central capital in Jin Dynasty, and Yanjing Road was changed intoZhongdu RoadIt was changed from Yujin Mansion to Yong'an Mansion, and then to Daxing Mansion.It was renamed Shui'an Mansion and later renamed as Shui'an MansionDaxing MansionTongzhou and Guoyin County.
Jin Dynasty Territory
In the 10th year of Genghis Khan of Mongolia (1215), the central capital was changed to YanjingYanjing RoadDaxing Mansion, in the first year of the Zhiyuan era (1264), Yanjing was renamed Zhongdu.In the ninth year of the Zhiyuan era (1272), the central capital was renamed Dadu, and the government remained the same. Tongzhou County and Guoyin County belonged to it.In the 13th year of the Zhiyuan era (1276), Shengguoyin County wasGuozhou, collarWuqing、Xianghe2. County.In the 21st year of the Zhiyuan era (1284), Daxing Mansion was changed to the general administration office of Dadu Road, and Tongzhou and Guozhou were both subordinate to it.
The Place Names of Tongxian County in the Republic of China
In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), Dadu Road was changed into Beiping Prefecture, and Luxian County of the province entered Tongzhou, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Tongzhou and GuozhouBeiping Mansion。In the 14th year of Hongwu's reign (1381), Guozhou was reduced to Guoxian County, belonging to Tongzhou.In the first year of Yongle (1403), Beiping Mansion was changed to Shuntian Mansion, and Tongzhou belonged to Shuntian Mansion.At this time, Tongzhou led Sanhe, Baodi, Wuqing and Guoxian.
In the Qing Dynasty, Tongzhou belonged to Shuntian Prefecture of Zhili Province.In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), Tongzhou soldiers were set up in Tongzhou to prepare roads.In the seventh year (1650), it was renamed Tongmi Bing Bei Dao, and in the fourteenth year (1657), Jizhou soldiers prepared the Dao and changed its name to Tongji Bing Bei Dao.In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), Guoxian County of Sichuan Province entered Tongzhou and Tongzhou led Sanhe, Baodi and Wuqing counties.In the eighth year of Kangxi's reign (1669), Yongping came and merged.It is easy to say that the soldiers who pass through thistles prepare roads, and Tongzhou is under its jurisdiction.In the 27th year of Kangxi's reign (1688), Shuntian Mansion set up the Four Road Hall, and the East Road Hall was located in Tongzhou, which belonged to Tongyong Road and Tongzhou.In the sixth year of Yongzheng's reign (1728), Sanhe, Baodi and Wuqing were directly under Shuntianfu, and Tongzhou no longer led the county.
At the beginning of the Republic of China, Tongzhou still belonged to Shuntian Prefecture, following the old system.In 1914, the state was removed and a county was established, which was called Tongxian County.In that year, Shuntianfu was renamed Jingzhao Special District.In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), Beijing was changed to Beiping, and the Jingzhao Special District was set up as Beiping Special CityZhili Province, changed to Hebei Province, and Tongxian County belongs toHebei Province。In May 1933, according to the Tanggu Agreement signed between China and Japan, Jimi and Luanyu Armistice Zones were set up in 22 counties in eastern Hebei, and Tongxian County belonged to Jimi District.In November of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), traitorsYin RugengIn Tongxian County, the Communist Party Autonomy Committee for the Prevention of Falsehood in Eastern Hebei was established. In December, it said that "FalsehoodEast Hebei Autonomous Council ”。Tongxian County is under its jurisdiction.
In the 27th year of the Republic of China (1938), the puppet Jidong Defensive Communist Autonomous Government was dissolved and merged with the puppet North China Provisional Government. Jidong Road in Hebei Province was established, and Tongxian County was subordinate to the puppet Jidong Road in Hebei Province.In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), it was changed from Jidong Road toYanjing RoadTongxian County is under the jurisdiction of Yanjing Road, Hebei Province.In 1944, Yanjing Road was renamed Jidong Special Administrative Region, under the jurisdiction of Tongxian County.In 1945, Tongxian County was under the jurisdiction of the Fifth Special District of Hebei Province of the National Government.In December 1948, the whole territory of Tongxian County was liberated. Tongzhou City and Guanxiang Rural Area were set up in Tongzhou City (county level), which was under the jurisdiction of the 14th Special District of Jidong District.Revoke the establishment of the liberated areas and establish Hebei Province and its jurisdictionTongxian DistrictIt has jurisdiction over 14 counties and cities, including Tongxian County and Tongzhou City.[5]
In January 1949, Peiping was peacefully liberated.In February, Tongzhou City was under the leadership of the Beiping Military Control Commission and became the 21st District of Beiping City;The affiliation of Tongxian County remains unchanged.August,Hebei ProvinceThe Party Committee of Jidong District was established, and the 21st District of Beiping City was renamed Tongzhou City, and Tongxian County was also included in Hebei ProvinceTongxian Districtleader.In September, Tongzhou City was renamed Tongxian Town.
In May 1950, the county and town were merged into Tongzhen.
In November 1951, the county and town were separated again, with the same affiliation.
In April 1954, Tongxian Town was changed into Tongzhou City (county-level) under the jurisdiction of a provincial district.
In April 1958, Tongzhou City and County were under the leadership of Beijing Municipality, and then the county and city were merged and renamed Tongzhou District.
In February 1960, Tongzhou District was renamed Tongxian County.
In May 1997, Tongxian County was abolished and Tongzhou District was established.[6]
In Tongzhou District, the bedrock includes seismic sub group, lower Paleozoic and Cenozoic strata, and the upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata are missing.[5]
topographic features
Tongzhou District is located in the alluvial proluvial plain of Yongding River and Chaobai River. The terrain is flat and slopes from northwest to southeast. The highest elevation is 27.6 meters and the lowest elevation is only 8.2 meters.Its soil quality is mostly tidal loess, mixed soil and sandy loam, with fertile soil and moderate texture.[3]
climate
Tongzhou District is a continental monsoon climate zone. Influenced by the winter and summer monsoon, it is characterized by dry and windy spring, hot and rainy summer, high and cool autumn, and cold and dry winter.The annual average temperature is 11.3 ℃, and the precipitation is about 620mm.[3]
natural resources
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water resource
In 2023, the annual production and domestic water consumption of Tongzhou District will be 206.58 million cubic meters, an increase of 2.4% over the previous year.Among them, 47.07 million cubic meters of production water, down 2.4%;Domestic water (including service industry and household water) was 151.53 million cubic meters, up 2.9%.Industrial water consumption was 14.05 million cubic meters, down 4.8%;Agricultural water consumption was 31.4 million cubic meters, down 0.1%.The annual precipitation was 559.4mm, up 4.6%.[65]
In the seventh year of Emperor Taiping in the Northern Wei Dynasty (46),Pinggu CountyAnle County was merged into Luxian County.
In 1935,Daxing CountySeven villages including Juzifang and 32 villages including Fan Village in Sanhe County are under Tongxian County. Meanwhile,Xianghe CountyThree villages including Maheden are under the jurisdiction of Tongxian County.
In 1948,Chaobai RiverVillage 52 to the east(Yanjiao, southwest villages, southeast villages, Niufu, Beiyangzhuang, Houzhao Village, Qianzhao Village, Xishan West Village, Dongshan West Village, Gushan Xiaoying, Xidafu Village, Gaomiao, Zhugedian, Xingminji, Cangtou, Gaolou Xinzhuang, Wanjiazhuang, Xixiaotun, Shengjiazhuang, Zhagezhuang, Nanyang Village, Xiaozhuangying, Fuxing Village, Zaolin, Fengjiafu, Zhongxinzhuang, Zhaogezhuang, Grapevine, NorthPort, South Port, Jiangjiazhuang, Fagai, Xixinying, Zhaoxinzhuang, Wanggezhuang, Xiaozhanggezhuang, Beicai Gezhuang, Fancun, Xinggongmiao, Shuangjing, Banbidian, Tianxinzhuang, Jiejizhuang, Nancai Gezhuang, Liubintun, Zhangxianying, Liangjiafen, Zhuangzhou, Xiaoying, Xingdu, Daliudian, Xiaoliudian, etc.)Sanhe County。Jingshan (Shanhaiguan)82 villages north of the road(Zhao Village, Jewellery, Xiaoshubaotun, Dongdi, Beimazhuang, Nanzhuangtou, Beizhuangtou, Baimiao, Xiaoyanggezhuang, Nanmazhuang, Dugezhuang, Gaogezhuang, Gangbei Village, Geguo, Hanli, Molixinzhuang, Mishang Wangxinzhuang, Neijun Village, Pingjiati, Huoli, Xizhao Village, Guanxinzhuang, Gangzi, Xiaoying, Xiaomo Village, Xuxinzhuang, Dawan Village Leather, Daogezhuang, Weiguo Village,Caosi, Shuangbutou, Fuqin, Beisizhuang Zemazhuang, Xindian, Daxingzhuang, Renzhuang, Songzhuang, Xiaobao, Bili, Xiaoyuse, Mozhuang, Jiaozhuang, Wangzhuang, Sutuo Lizhuang Liuzhuang, Mazheng, Fanzhuang, Xiliufen, Machang, Xujiayang, Dengjiayao, Ligezhuang Shawo, Gaoantun Jiawen, Sunjiafen, Houdian Wuliqiao, Gongzhufen, Thatched Cottage, Xinzhi, Shilibao, Xinzhuang,Changying, Hunzhuang, Sanwenfang, Tingjiafen, Hejiafen, Magezhuang, Dongxiao and Xixiao, Dingchonzhuang, Qiancao and Houcao, Louci, San2, Kangge, Huangguo, Shige, Jiaozhuang, Sunjiapo, Ah Zifang, Shijiafen)Shunyi County。takeXianghe CountySix villages belonging to Hougezhuang, Zhaozhuang, Yusishang, Dasha, Xiaosha and Niumutun are under the jurisdiction of Tongxian County.
In June 1950, 8 administrative villages (11 natural villages), including Tantai, Zhaipo, Tiangezhuang and 800 households in the east of Chaobai River, were assigned to Sanhe County.At the same time, 6 administrative villages (107 natural villages), including Songzhuang, Pingjiatuan and Guantou, under the jurisdiction of District 5, District 9 and District 10 of Shunyi County, will be included in Tongxian County.
In April 1953, Shabuying Village in the northwest of the county was incorporatedChangping CountyIn the southeast of the county, there are two administrative villages, namely Lujiaojiao Village and Wangzhizhizhuang Village, and seven administrative villages, namely Gaozhuang Village, Sanjianfang Village, Pushang Village, Qiaozhuang Village, and Zhigen Town, which belong to Xianghe County;Three administrative villages, Nanxindian, Qianfu and Houfu, at the southern end of the county, and eight natural villages, Beixindian, Dongzhuang, Nanzhuang, Daheifa and Xiaoheifa, are under the jurisdiction ofDaxing County。
In March 1954, Anping Street and Fancheng Second Village were under the jurisdiction of Xianghe County.
In February 1956, seven townships of Tongxian County, including Jinzhan, Sunhe, Shangxinbao, Cuigezhuang, Changdian, Qianweigou and Beigao, were included in the eastern suburbs of Beijing（Chaoyang District）。
In April 1958, Changying, Gongzhufen, four townships of Xianning Hou, Louzizhuang, four administrative villages of Zhengzhuang Township, Dayangfang, Nanshuangqiao, Jianzhuang and Kangcun were incorporated into BeijingChaoyang DistrictandNanyuan District。In September, another five villages, Ximazhuang, Zhumu Factory, Dengjiayao, Jizhuang and Xujiachang, were assigned to Tongxian County.In October, Shuangqiao People's Commune (including Dougezhuang Township) was again incorporated into BeijingChaoyang District。Draw out successively(Jianzhuang, Yangfang Village, Nanshuangqiao, Dayangfang, Kangcun, Shuiniufang, Majiawan, Daludian, Heizhuang, Sihezhuang, Manziying, Langgezhuang, Dougezhuang, Ximagezhuang, Dongmagezhuang, Yujiawei, Shicao Village, Shuangshu, Dingxin Village, Mapu, Shuangqiao, Chongxing Temple, Taying, Xianning Hou, Dongmei Lane, Xiliu Lane, Beishuangqiao, Dingfu Village, Sanjianfang, GuanzhuangXihui Village, Donghui Village, Yangzha, Gongzhufen, Wuliqiao, Shilipu, Changying, Huangqu Village, Shigezhuang, Dongxiaojing, Gaoantun, Magezhuang, Jiaozhuang, Kanggezhuang, Louzizhuang, Shawo, Ligezhuang, Picun, Qiancaogezhuang, Houcaogezhuang, Huangchang, Nanxinzhuang, Beixinzhuang, Baizhuang, Caochang, Mengjiafen, Guojiachang, Tongjiafen, Chijiayao, Xiaodong, Jinjiafen,Xinfangzi, Yangzha Village, Mojiadian, Xixiaojing, Houdian, Shijiafen, Tingjiafen, Hejiafen, Weijiafen, Juzifang, Gaoyangshu, Sunjiapo, Sunjiafen, Woniugang, Gaoxinzhuang, Tacuba) 78 natural villages.[5]
Leadership information as of August 2024[18][53][55][57][59][64]
population
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Tongzhou District
By the end of 2023, Tongzhou District has a permanent population of 1.845 million.Among them, 891000 are permanent immigrants, accounting for 48.3% of the permanent population.Among the permanent population, the urban population is 1.352 million, accounting for 73.3% of the permanent population.The birth rate of permanent residents is 5.27 ‰, and the mortality rate is 7.96 ‰.The permanent population density is 2036 people per square kilometer.At the end of the year, the registered population was 860000, an increase of 1.3% over the previous year.Among them, the agricultural population is 250000, accounting for 29.1% of the total population;The non-agricultural population is 610000, accounting for 70.9% of the total population.[65]
Economics
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overview
In 2022, the gross regional product of Tongzhou District will be 125.34 billion yuan, an increase of 2.8% over the previous year at constant prices.Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.34 billion yuan, down 0.4%;The added value of the secondary industry was 46.67 billion yuan, up 3.8%;The added value of the tertiary industry was 77.33 billion yuan, up 2.2%.The three industrial structure will change from 1.1:36.8:62.1 in 2021 to 1.1:37.2:61.7 in 2022.[1]
In 2023, Tongzhou District will achieve a regional GDP of 130.36 billion yuan, an increase of 5% over the previous year at constant prices.Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.31 billion yuan, down 2.7%;The added value of the secondary industry was 46.83 billion yuan, up 2%;The added value of the tertiary industry was 82.22 billion yuan, up 7%.The three industrial structure will change from 1.1:37:61.9 in 2022 to 1:35.9:63.1 in 2023.[65]
Finance and taxation
Finance: In 2023, Tongzhou District will complete the general public budget revenue of 9.41 billion yuan (excluding Taima), an increase of 5.2% over the previous year.Including 2.55 billion yuan of domestic VAT;Enterprise income tax was 1.12 billion yuan;Real estate tax is 1.06 billion yuan;Urban maintenance and construction tax is 480 million yuan.The general public budget expenditure was 39.55 billion yuan, an increase of 29.1% over the previous year.
Tax revenue: In 2023, Tongzhou District will achieve various tax revenues of 28.86 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9% over the previous year.By industry, the primary industry was 70 million yuan, up 73%;The secondary industry was 9.57 billion yuan, up 11.6%, including 7.56 billion yuan of industrial tax revenue, up 3.1%, and 2.02 billion yuan of construction tax revenue, up 61.1%;The tertiary industry was 19.21 billion yuan, up 16.5%.[65]
Fixed asset investment and real estate development
In 2023, the investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) in Tongzhou District will decrease by 0.5% over the previous year.Among them, construction and installation investment decreased by 8.8%.By industry, the investment in the primary industry increased by 12.2%;Investment in the secondary industry increased by 12.6%, of which industrial investment increased by 12.6%;Investment in the tertiary industry dropped by 3.6%, including 18.6% in education, 45.2% in culture, sports and entertainment, and 22.5% in health, social security and social welfare.Infrastructure investment in the whole year increased by 9% over the previous year.The infrastructure investment in the whole district is mainly concentrated in three areas: road traffic, water and landscaping.Among them, investment in road transportation decreased by 0.7%, accounting for 69.5% of infrastructure investment;Investment in water sector was 2.6 times of that in the same period last year, accounting for 18.2% of infrastructure investment;Investment in greening decreased by 64.1%, accounting for 3.2% of infrastructure investment.
In 2023, investment in real estate development in Tongzhou District will increase by 5.3% over the previous year.Among them, residential investment increased by 26.1%;Investment in office buildings increased by 6.2%;Investment in commercial buildings fell 44.3%.The construction area of houses for real estate development throughout the year was 13.08 million square meters, down 15% from the previous year.Among them, the newly started area of this year was 1.094 million square meters, down 27.6%.The completed area of houses throughout the year was 1.373 million square meters, down 63.3%.The construction area of policy houses throughout the year was 4.182 million square meters, down 23.3% over the previous year.The sales area of policy houses was 42000 square meters, down 74.5%.Among them, the sales area of targeted resettlement housing was 22000 square meters, down 38.4%;The sales area of limited price houses was 8000 square meters, down 75.9%.[65]
primary industry
In 2023, Tongzhou District will realize the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery of 1.31 billion yuan, a decrease of 2% at constant prices.The current gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 3.04 billion yuan, 2.8% lower than that of the previous year.Among them, the agricultural output value was 1.73 billion yuan, down 1.5%;The forestry output value was 900 million yuan, down 6.6%;The output value of animal husbandry was 360 million yuan, up 4.1%;The fishery output value was 40 million yuan, down 16%.The total grain output of the whole year reached 58000 tons, an increase of 111.3% over the previous year.Among them, 28000 tons of summer grain, an increase of 292.8%;31000 tons of autumn grain, up 49.6%.The total sown area of crops was 25000 hectares, an increase of 62.4%.The vegetable output was 382000 tons, the same as last year.The annual income from facility agriculture was 680 million yuan, down 11.1%.The actual utilization area of facility agriculture was 1591.5 hectares, down 2.3%.Among them, the greenhouse covers 790.8 hectares, down 5.2%;The greenhouse covers an area of 766.3 hectares, up 6.2%;The area of small and medium-sized sheds was 34.4 hectares, down 52.3%.There are 113 agricultural sightseeing parks in the whole district, 7 fewer than the previous year, receiving 555000 tourists throughout the year, and realizing a total income of 180 million yuan.[65]
the secondary industry
Industry
In 2023, Tongzhou District will achieve an industrial added value of 23.01 billion yuan, an increase of 3.9% over the previous year at constant prices.There are 336 industrial enterprises above designated size in the district, with a total industrial output value of 62.89 billion yuan, up 2.1%.Among them, the output value of high-tech manufacturing industry was 15.68 billion yuan, down 0.1%.The operating income of industries above designated size was 83.87 billion yuan, the same as last year.Among them, the operating revenue of high-tech manufacturing industry was 16.26 billion yuan, up 5.8%.Total industrial profits above designated size reached 3.98 billion yuan, up 34.5%.Among them, the total profit of high-tech manufacturing industry was 1.76 billion yuan, 4 an increase of 342.5%.[65]
construction business
In 2023, Tongzhou District will complete the added value of the construction industry of 23.9 billion yuan, an increase of 0.1% over the previous year at constant prices.There were 210 general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification levels in the district, and the total output value of the construction industry was 232.88 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year.Among them, the output value in other provinces and cities was 210.68 billion yuan, up 6.5%;The output value in Beijing was 22.2 billion yuan, up 17.2%.The contract value was 798.25 billion yuan, up 14.6%.Among them, the newly signed contract amount this year was 300.4 billion yuan, up 7.3%.The construction area of houses was 185.31 million square meters, down 2.6%, and the completed area of houses was 20.75 million square meters, down 49.4%.[65]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
Market consumption, foreign economy
In 2023, Tongzhou District will achieve a total retail sales of consumer goods of 56.35 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year.Among them, online retail sales of wholesale and retail businesses above designated size and accommodation and catering businesses reached 23.72 billion yuan, up 1%.By consumption pattern, retail sales of goods reached 51.54 billion yuan, up 2.2%;Catering revenue was 4.81 billion yuan, up 36.5%.
In 2023, Tongzhou District will add 59 foreign-invested enterprises, an increase of 42 over the previous year.The registered capital of foreign-invested enterprises increased by US $660 million, up 17.6% over the previous year.The actually utilized foreign capital was 200 million US dollars, an increase of 138.5%.The total import and export trade in the whole year was 23.39 billion yuan, up 18.4% over the previous year.Among them, the total amount of foreign exchange earned from exports was 10.14 billion yuan, up 13.2%;The total amount of foreign exchange payments for imports was 13.25 billion yuan, up 22.8%.[65]
post and telecommunications
By the end of 2023, the number of fixed telephone users in Tongzhou District had reached 20.1 million, a decrease of 7% over the previous year;2.109 million mobile phone subscribers, down 0.6%;(Fixed) 724000 Internet broadband access users, up 1%.At the end of the year, there were 328000 cable TV subscribers, up 4.6%.[65]
finance
In 2023, Tongzhou District will realize the added value of the financial industry of 15.16 billion yuan, an increase of 14% over the previous year at constant prices.At the end of the year, the balance of various RMB deposits of financial institutions in the region was 837.73 billion yuan, an increase of 150.11 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.Among them, personal deposits reached 288.6 billion yuan, an increase of 33.32 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.The balance of various RMB loans of financial institutions reached 268.13 billion yuan, an increase of 12.79 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.At the end of the year, the balance of foreign currency deposits of financial institutions in the region was 780 million dollars, and the balance of loans was 310 million dollars.At the end of the year, Tongzhou District had a total of 19 securities operating institutions and 603000 securities accounts. The annual trading volume of various securities was 789.05 billion yuan, an increase of 68.8% over the previous year.Among them, the stock trading volume was 205.22 billion yuan, down 14.2%;Fund trading volume was 12.86 billion yuan, up 45%;The trading volume of bonds was 544.44 billion yuan, up 182.6%;The trading volume of margin trading was 14.55 billion yuan, down 4.7%.[65]
In 2023, there will be 245 kindergartens in Tongzhou District, with 4764 full-time teachers and 52219 children in the kindergartens, down 11.4% from the previous year.There are 48 primary schools in the district, with 4690 full-time teachers, 18399 students, 87848 students and 10509 graduates.There are 48 middle schools (including 9 junior high schools).Among them, 13911 students were recruited, 10081 graduates and 36718 students were enrolled.There are 4891 full-time teachers in junior high schools.[65]
Science and technology
In 2023, Tongzhou District will organize 167 science and technology projects.Among them, there are 3 items at the municipal level and 164 items at the district level.The turnover of registered technology contracts was 49.39 billion yuan, down 1.7% over the previous year.There are 42 innovation and entrepreneurship platforms above the municipal level, with 3 newly added this year.The number of patents granted throughout the year was 6103, down 12.2%.Among them, 1327 invention patents, an increase of 43.3%;4018 utility model patents, down 19.4%;758 design patents, down 26.7%.At the end of the year, it had 4958 valid invention patents, up 32.6%.[65]
Cultural undertakings
In 2023, the construction area of public cultural service facilities in Tongzhou District will be 4.239 million square meters, an increase of 66.5% over the previous year.293 cultural market operators were approved, an increase of 7 over the previous year.There are 22 grassroots cultural centers and 3360 cultural performances.There were 112 Spark Project teams for rural artistic performances in the district, 17 more than the previous year.There are 15 commercial cinemas in the district, with a total of 197000 film screenings, 3051000 audiences, and box office revenue of 151.96 million yuan.There is one public library in the district, with a total collection of 953000 books.There are 8 museums in total.[65]
National level libraries:Tongzhou District Library.[38]National level cultural center:Beijing Tongzhou District Cultural Center.[39]
Sports
By the end of 2023, Tongzhou District has a total of 20 multi-functional courses.18 regional competitions were held.He won 233 medals in various municipal competitions, 104 more than the previous year.Among them, there were 43 gold medals, 89 silver medals and 101 bronze medals.The investment in sports activities was 76.255 million yuan, 2.1 times that of the same period last year.[65]
medical and health work
By the end of 2023, Tongzhou District had 620 health institutions, 6 fewer than the end of the previous year.Among them, there are 22 hospitals.All health institutions have 6231 beds.Including 5609 hospitals and 421 beds in community health service centers (stations).There are 13482 health technicians in the whole district.Among them, there are 4793 licensed doctors and 5732 registered nurses.The total number of people diagnosed and treated by medical institutions was 14.749 million, including 6.727 million people diagnosed and treated by tertiary hospitals.The mortality rate of 10 children under 5 years old is 0.38 ‰, and the infant mortality rate is 0.19 ‰.[65]
social security
People's life
In 2023, the per capita disposable income of residents in Tongzhou District will reach 55715 yuan, an increase of 7.9% over the previous year.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 66586 yuan, up 7.7%.The per capita disposable income of residents in the whole district is composed of four incomes: per capita wage income of 41694 yuan, per capita net operating income of 712 yuan, per capita net property income of 5773 yuan, and per capita net transfer income of 7536 yuan.The annual per capita consumption expenditure of residents in the whole district was 37677 yuan, an increase of 13.7% over the previous year.The Engel coefficient was 25.5%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year.Among them, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents reached 43426 yuan, up 14.1%.The Engel coefficient was 24.4%, 0.6 percentage points higher than that of the previous year.The per capita current housing area of the whole district is 39.17 square meters, an increase of 3.4% over the previous year;The per capita current housing area of urban residents is 39.36 square meters, up 13% over the previous year.[65]
Labor employment
In 2023, the registered unemployment rate in Tongzhou District will be 3.83%, and 1504 unemployed people will participate in training.16000 urban registered unemployed people were employed, and the employment rate of urban registered unemployed people reached 66.6%.The total number of professional skill appraisers is 2471;We will promote the employment of 25000 people in urban and rural areas.[65]
People's livelihood security
By the end of 2023, the number of urban and rural residents participating in the endowment insurance in Tongzhou District has reached 168000;708000 people participated in the basic endowment insurance for enterprise employees;580000 people participated in unemployment insurance;540000 people participated in industrial injury insurance and received 210 million yuan of industrial injury insurance.At the end of the year, there were 1008 urban residents with minimum living security and 1588 urban residents with minimum living security;2022 rural households with minimum living security, 3351 people with minimum living security.The minimum living standard for urban and rural residents was raised to 1395 yuan.395 people were supported by rural special poverty relief and 87 people were supported by urban special poverty relief.25000 people enjoy old-age subsidies.There are 34 civil affairs service agencies providing accommodation in the district.Among them, there are 28 pension institutions, with 1851 people in hospital at the end of the year.[65]
Environmental protection
urban environment
By the end of 2023, there are 167 sewage treatment plants in Tongzhou District.There are 4 garbage harmless treatment plants (plants), with the harmless treatment capacity of 650000 tons of domestic garbage, and the harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage reaches 100%.The average annual concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was 38 μ g/m3, an increase of 15.2% over the previous year.The average annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide was 32 μ g/m3, an increase of 10.3%.The annual average concentration of sulfur dioxide is 3 μ g/m3, the same as last year.[65]
public utility
In 2023, Tongzhou District will sell 56.049 million cubic meters of tap water, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year.Among them, 1.766 million cubic meters of water was used for production and operation, down 0.5%;18.781 million cubic meters of water for public services, up 14.1%;Household water consumption was 35.502 million cubic meters, up 2.7%.The electricity consumption in Tongzhou reached 9.11 billion kilowatt hours in the whole year, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year.Among the 15 (micrograms/cubic meter), 6.08 billion kWh was used for production, up 8.3%;The domestic electricity consumption of urban and rural residents was 3.02 billion kilowatt hours, up 7.6%.The heating area throughout the year was 73.186 million square meters, an increase of 11.3% over the previous year.Among them, the residential heating area was 60023000 square meters, an increase of 8.5%.The annual sales volume of liquefied petroleum gas was 14000 tons.Including 11000 tons of household consumption;The sales volume of natural gas was 820 million cubic meters, up 6.4%.Among them, household consumption was 140 million cubic meters, down 4.4%.[65]
In Tongzhou District, there are 164 bus lines, more than 4000 bus stops, and the average daily total passenger flow is about 700000 person times.3306 buses are allocated, including 460 diesel vehicles and 2846 Xinqing Energy vehicles, accounting for 86% of the total.There are 63 planned bus stations in the sub center area, and 25 in use bus stations.The coverage rate of bus stops within 500 meters in the sub center area is 93%, and the bus connection rate within 200 meters around the subway station has reached 100%.[14]
road
By the end of 2023, the highway mileage in Tongzhou District was 2540.7 kilometers, an increase of 0.9% over the previous year.Among them, there are 679.6 kilometers of roads above county level, 165.8 kilometers of special roads, 1062.1 kilometers of township roads and 633.2 kilometers of village roads.[65]
Transportation
By the end of 2023, Tongzhou District has 2238 operating taxis, including 2177 cruise taxis and 61 regional electric vehicles.The total number of freight cars in the region reached 22958, an increase of 977 over the previous year, and 2288 households were engaged in freight transportation, an increase of 214 over the previous year.At the end of the year, there were 174 cruise ships in the waters, including 18 self-propelled ships.[65]
humanity
Announce
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Tongzhou in history[63]
As early as the Neolithic Age, there were human activities in Tongzhou District.It has always been the traffic artery of Jingdong, an important place for water transport and storage.The worship of all countries, contributions from all directions, merchants' travel, and land and water access to Beijing must pass through this place, which has promoted the prosperity and prosperity of Tongzhou's economy.It enjoys the reputation of "One Beijing (Beijing), Two Weis (Tianjin) and Three Tongzhou".[63]
On June 22, 2014, after eight years, the Grand Canal was successfully applied for World Heritage and became the 46th World Heritage Site in China.Beijing was approved as "two sections and two points" in this World Heritage application. The longest section is the Tonghui River Tongzhou section.It starts from Yongtong Bridge (commonly known as Bali Bridge) in the west and ends at the intersection of Tonghui River and North Canal (Wohu Bridge) in the east, which is the first world-class heritage in the sub center of the city.Although it is only 5 kilometers long, this section of the river, which has become a world heritage site, gathers many landmark historical relics and historic sites, especially the east section of Tongzhou Tonghui River, which is the part of today's Xinhua Street. This section is originally the north moat of the old city of Tongzhou. The cultural relics and historic sites of the old city are closer than those of Tongzhou Yamen Site, Gongyuan, "Sanjiao Temple", and the "Ancient Tower Lingyun" of the eight sights of Tongzhou"Bofen Fengnuma" is all in this reach.At the junction of Tonghui River and the North Canal, which is the east end of the current world heritage river, there is also the stone dam used for water transport.These cultural relics and historic sites, together with the ancient world heritage Tonghui River, silently confirm Tongzhou's important historical position in the history of the Grand Canal water transport.[62]
the grand canal[62]
diet
Local specialty
Tongzhou Cherry, a specialty of Tongzhou District, Beijing, and a national geographical indication of agricultural products.Tongzhou District has many rivers and rich water, deep soil, fertile soil, sufficient sunlight and moderate rainfall, which is suitable for fruit planting. With advanced planting technology, Tongzhou Cherry is round and full of red.[49]On December 24, 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China approved the registration and protection of geographical indications of agricultural products for "Tongzhou Big Cherry".[50]
Zhangjiawan grape, a specialty of Tongzhou District, Beijing, and a national geographical indication product of China.On April 24, 2013, the former AQSIQ approved the implementation of geographical indication product protection for "Zhangjiawan Grapes".[51]
Cultural facilities
Tongzhou District Film Management Center
At the end of 2004, the original Tongzhou District Cinema and the original Tongzhou District Film Management Center were merged, and a new Tongzhou District Film Management Center was established, implementing the operation mode of one team and two brands.Its administrative director is the District Culture Committee.The newly established film management center takes No.1 Xita Hutong, Tongzhou District as its office.Restructured personnel and assets.The restructured film management center has fixed assets of 4 million yuan, one fixed 35mm film projector, two mobile 35mm film projectors, three mobile projection vehicles, and more than 1100 films in stock, of which more than 350 are self purchased copies.[61]
Cultural Relic
In 2023, Tongzhou District will have 49 cultural relics protection units above district level.[65]
Modern school buildings in Tongzhou
Modern school buildings in Tongzhou, located in the south of Yudai Hexi Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, including Luhe Middle School, Fuyu Women's School and Beijing Nurse School.Luhe Middle School was founded in December 1867 by Jiang Dade, a missionary of the American Congregational Church, and his wife in Tongzhou New Town as a boarding school for boys.In 1917, it was merged with Huiwen University to become Yanjing University and renamed as Private Luhe Middle School.The existing important buildings are Wei's Building, Xie's Building, Wen's Building, Luyou Building, Priest Building, Dining Hall, and Boxue Pavilion, which belong to the modern American eclectic style.Fuyu Women's School is an Anshixue Taoist Academy founded by the American Christian priest Fushan in 1866. It was burned down in 1900 during the Boxer War and has been rebuilt since 1902. The existing Yingzhu Building, Cuibai Building, Library and Baiyou Building are all brick and wood two-story structures.Beijing Nursing School now has four foreign style buildings, which were built in the Republic of China and are basically well preserved.Originally church property, it has been used as a medical education institution since the founding of New China.[44]In 2013, selectedThe seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units。[45]、
Original teaching building of Luhe Middle School
Original teaching building of Luhe Middle School, outside the south gate of Tongzhou New Town, inside and outside Yixi Luhe Middle School.In the sixth year of Tongzhi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1867), American Christianity was introduced into Tongzhou and ran a school in the Beihoujie Church in Tongzhou New Town, known as the Bajing Theological Seminary.In the fourth year of Guangxu's reign (1878), the school was moved to the southeast of the rice drying plant outside the south gate of the new city, and the situation gradually expanded, and it was renamed Luhe School.There are two earlier western-style buildings and dining halls in this school, which were built by American missionaries with the "Boxer Indemnity". They are historical witnesses of foreign powers' invasion of China and memorial sites for the humiliation of the Chinese nation;[46]
Tongzhou Lamp Tower
Tongzhou Lantern Tower, the earliest pagoda in Beijing, was built in the first year of Yuwenjue in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557).In 633, the seventh year of Zhenguan, Tang Dynasty,Wei Chi JingdeGeneral supervises repair and reconstruction.The tower is an octagonal solid brick tower with 13 storeys of brick and wood structure and dense eaves. It is 56 meters in height, 38.4 meters in base circumference, and 11.4 meters in diameter on the opposite side. Its waist is carved with patterns of immortals, warriors, flowers, etc.It is a landmark building at the north end of the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal. Once you saw the Lantern Tower, you arrived in Beijing.[47]On October 7, 2019, Tongzhou Lantern Tower was announced by the State Council of the People's Republic of China as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units, the Grand Canal.[48]
Tongzhou Mosque
Tongzhou mosque is one of the four mosques in Beijing, and the suburb is the first.It was founded in the Yuan Dynasty with a long history, second only toNiujieThe.The orthodoxy of the Ming Dynasty was rebuilt in Wanli.Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited Tongzhou here and repaired it again.In April of the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), a group of Japanese troops invaded the county town, shelled Tongzhou City across the canal, blew up part of the temple buildings, and repaired them.In the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), this temple once set up a university.The alley in front of the temple was once known as Mosque Street because of the temple, and now it is called Hutong.In the 1950s, famous films《Wildfire Spring Wind Fighting Ancient City》It was filmed here.In 1959, it was designated as a cultural relics protection unit in Tongzhou District, which was damaged after 1966. In 1996, it was upgraded to a cultural relics protection unit in Beijing.
In 2015, Tongzhou District was rated as a national health city (district).[7]
In November 2017, Tongzhou District was rated as the national advanced city (district) for ideological and moral construction of minors.[9]
The best cultural tourism destination of China National Tourism in 2018.
In 2019, Tongzhou District was selected as one of the first batch of national rural community construction demonstration units, a pilot county for the construction of compact county medical community, and a pilot county for the construction of compact county medical community.[10]In February, it was re recognized as a national health city (district).[8]
In October 2019, Tongzhou District was included in the list of pilot counties (districts) for 2019 national youth campus football.[11]
In November 2019, Tongzhou District was included in the second batch of counties (districts) meeting the standard of water-saving society construction.[12]
In December 2019, Tongzhou District was selected as one of the top 100 districts in 2019.[13]
In March 2020, Tongzhou District won the title of National Advanced County for Village Clean Action, and was commended by the Central Agriculture Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.[14]
On July 31, 2020, Tongzhou District of Beijing (standardized construction of administrative reconsideration) was named by the Office of the Central Commission for Comprehensive Rule of Law as one of the first demonstration areas for building a national government ruled by law.[15]
On October 20, 2020, it was selected into the list of national model cities (counties) for double support.[2]
On September 8, 2021, it was selected into the pilot list of roof distributed photovoltaic development in counties (cities, districts) under the comprehensive department of the National Energy Administration.[19]
On October 27, 2021, it was selected into the second batch of demonstration counties for urban and rural transportation integration announced by the Ministry of Transport.[22]
On November 15, 2021, it was identified by the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as the national pilot county for innovation in agricultural socialized services.[23]
In January 2022, it was selected into the list of reconfirmed national health cities (districts) in 2021.[26]
In May 2022, Tongzhou District was successfully selected into the national pilot list of comprehensive rural reform in 2022 in the evaluation of the implementation plan of the national comprehensive rural reform pilot in 2022 organized by the Ministry of Finance.[33]
In August 2022, it was selected into the list of climate investment and financing pilots.[40]
In October 2022, it is proposed to be named as a national model city (county, district) for building a rule of law government.[41]
In 2022, it was awarded the title of "National Forest City".[42]
In November 2022, it was listed as a national pilot city for forestry carbon sink.[43]
In October 2023, it was selected into the third batch of national agricultural product quality safety counties (cities).[54]
In February 2024, it was named "Demonstration County of Urban and Rural Transportation Integration" by the Ministry of Transport.[58]
