Falcon 9(English:Falcon 9[208]）, by the United StatesSpace Exploration Technologies（SpaceX）The recoverable medium launch vehicle developed was launched for the first time on June 4, 2010 and recovered for the first time on December 21, 2015.The full thrust version of Falcon 9 carrier rocket has a low Earth orbit load launch capability of 22.8 tons and a geosynchronous transfer orbit launch capability of 8.3 tons.[212]
On November 11, 2019, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the United States was launched, setting the load record of the Falcon 9 carrier rocket (15.6 tons).[1-3]On September 15, 2021, the Space Exploration Technology Company used the Dragon Spacecraft and Falcon 9 carrier rocket to carry out the first purely commercial manned space flight mission, sending four ordinary people into space for the first time.[100]At 21:38 Beijing time on July 24, 2022 (9:38 a.m. EDT), a Falcon 9 carrying 53 star chain satellites was successfully launched at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.Russian satellite news agency Moscow, August 10, reported that the company sent 52 "Star Chain" Internet satellites into orbit with Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[151]On May 21, 2023 local time, the Dragon Spaceship took the Falcon 9 carrier rocket fromKennedy Space CenterIt was launched, carrying four astronauts to the International Space Station.[187]
On August 16, 2024, Pacific Time,Tanager-1Take the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and lift off from the 4E space launch site of Vandenberg Air Force Base in California to enter Earth orbit.It will be used to monitor methane and carbon dioxide emissions from the earth.[252]
Space Exploration TechnologiesIn 2002 byElon MuskFounding, incorporating entrepreneurship into space exploration to openly carve up American public property for the slogan, the original launch of rockets into orbit was almost completely controlled by government agencies.Elon Musk isOnline payment systemPayPalHe eliminated the strict procedures of official institutions, accelerated the implementation speed and reduced costs, and claimed to reduce the cost of rocket launch to one tenth of the traditional method through continuous hype.Musk said: "Traditional launch vehicles are disposable. They fall back to the ground after launch or burn up in the atmosphere, often leaving only some metal debris. However, after falling back to the ground, vertical takeoff and landing launch vehicles can be launched again as long as they are slightly repaired and refueled, greatly reducing the launch cost.[214]
Space Exploration Technology Company mainly designs, tests and manufactures internal components of space launch systems, such as Merlin, Kestrel and Draco rocket engines.The company has developed partially reusable Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 carrier rocketsDragon spaceshipThat is, Falcon 9 was launched into space orbit.[214]
American Space Exploration Technology Company and Falcon 9 rocket
Development process
In 2008, Space Exploration Technology Company won the formal contract from NASA.
In October 2012, the space exploration technology company Dragon Spacecraft delivered the cargo to the International Space Station, opening a new era of private aerospace.As a private airline, the low launch cost of Space Exploration Technology Company has become a major advantage of the company. In order to further reduce the cost, Musk considered making the rocket recyclable.Musk said: "Traditional launch vehicles are disposable. They fall back to the ground after launch or burn up in the atmosphere, often leaving only some metal debris. Vertical takeoff and landing launch vehicles can be launched again after they fall back to the ground, as long as they are slightly repaired and refueled, greatly reducing the launch cost.",When he said this, no engine was reused.[214]
Rocket recovery
In October 2014, the Space Exploration Technology Company announced that its "Grasshopper" rocket had set a new record in the test at the beginning of the month: the rocket ignited from the launch pad, flew to 744 meters in the air, and then landed vertically back to the launch pad.The company released the video of the test on the 7th. The whole test lasted 78.8 seconds, and the appearance of the rocket was intact after it landed on the ground.Compared with the traditional launch vehicle, the biggest difference in the appearance of "Grasshopper" is that it has four "legs" of steel aluminum structure and hydraulic shock absorbers.These four "legs" enable the rocket to withstand the huge impact of vertical fall back to the ground without serious damage.The space exploration technology company pointed out that the Grasshopper test was a "key step" for the enterprise to develop a vertical takeoff and landing, fully reusable carrier rocket.The company is developing a reusable version of its Falcon 9 carrier rocket.
In a launch at the end of September 2014, part of the first stage rocket of Falcon 9 was successfully recovered.[214]
The first stage of Falcon 9 is much larger than Falcon 1. It uses 9 old Merlin engines[205]Improved type, but the second stage is slightly shorter than the first stage.Their top and outer layers are made of high-strength aluminum lithium alloy commonly used in aerospace.The rear cover is covered with a special heat shield to protect the first and second stages of Falcon 9 from damage during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere, so that they can be recycled.
Falcon 9 rocket launch
Drop platform
In Musk's vision, neither NASA nor private companies should allow liquid fuel rockets to become disposable items, so he asked engineers from Space Exploration Technology Corporation to build floating marine rocket landing platforms (ASDS),It also studies the technology of "how to automatically and vertically land on the landing platform" of liquid fuel rocket after launch.
The difficulty of this technology lies in that, first of all, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket is up to 14 floors, and the speed when climbing is up to 1600 meters/second. It is necessary to let the rocket that rises in a straight line drop vertically "unharmed", just like "letting the rubber broomstick stand upright on the palm of the hand in the wind".
Secondly, the space exploration technology company has successfully landed the completed fuel rocket in the target area of 10km wide before, but the ASDS is only 10m wide, so the difficulty of the two is very different.Finally, the ASDS in the sea is not fixed, and the fuel rocket to be landed must use the engine to maintain the balance and stability during the descent.[25][215]
Falcon 9 is a two-stage liquid carrier rocket, much larger than Falcon 1, with a diameter of 3.66 meters (12 feet).
The first stage of Falcon 9 uses nine "Grey backed Falcon" liquid oxygen kerosene engines, and the second stage uses one enhanced "Grey backed Falcon" engine, but the second stage is slightly shorter than the first stage.The top and outer layers of the rocket are made of high-strength aluminum lithium alloy materials commonly used in aerospace, and the rear cover is covered with a special heat shield to protect the first and second stages of Falcon 9 from damage during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere, so that they can be recycled.[214]
Rocket capacity
According to the rocket capacity table recently released by Space Exploration Technology Company, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket in service has a low earth orbit capacity of 22.8 tons, which can deliver 8.3 tons of materials to synchronous transfer orbit.[8]However, this is the transport capacity without recycling technology. To recycle the first stage of the rocket, fuel needs to be reserved, and the transport capacity will decline.
Rocket recovery
According to the estimation of international aerospace experts, it will cost 10000 to 20000 dollars to send a kilogram of goods into space by a disposable carrier rocket.Through excellent overall design and full test, the price of Falcon 9 launch vehicle in low earth orbit is about 60 million US dollars, equivalent to more than 4600 US dollars per kilogram of payload.
On the basis of this low cost, if the first stage propeller of Falcon 9 carrier rocket can be recycled and reused, the cost of the rocket can be further reduced by 70%.If the first and second levels can be recovered, 98% of the cost can be saved.Therefore, there is a huge space for greatly saving the total cost of rocket launch.
In general, only by solving the problem of recycling, can more large spacecraft sail into more distant space conveniently.From the application level, such a pressure on costs can make the development of artificial satellites much cheaper;Recycling rockets can also ensure the safety of personnel and property on the ground and help protect the environment.[33]
Schematic diagram of the recovery process of Falcon 9 rocket
Load quotation
In March 2022, the Space Exploration Technology Company said that the rocket launch price and the satellite chain broadband service price would be increased due to "excessive inflation".According to the official website of the Space Exploration Technology Company, the standard launch price of Falcon 9 has risen from $62 million to $67 million.Falcon Heavy Standard Launch costs $97 million.This round of price increase, Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launch prices increased by about 8%.[216]
Quotation of launch load of Falcon 9 rocket
performance data
Announce
edit
Most parameters in the table come from "Falcon 9 Overview, Launch Cost" and "Space Launch Report: SpaceX Falcon Data Sheet"[26]。[27]
Falcon 9 rocket reference data
Launch Dynamics
Announce
edit
Launch record
Falcon 9 rocket launch record
S/N
Carrier rocket
Date of launch
Take off time
Payload
track
Launch site
result
remarks
one
Falcon 9
2010.6.4
two
Falcon 9
three
Falcon 9
four
Falcon 9
2012.5.22
five
Falcon 9
2012.10.8
six
Falcon 9
2013.3.1
seven
Falcon 9
2013.9.10
eight
Falcon 9
2013.12.4
Communication satellite
GTO
The first private enterprise in the United States to enter the field of commercial satellites[35]
nine
Falcon 9
2014.4.19
ten
Falcon 9
2014.7.14
eleven
Falcon 9
2014.9.7
thirteen
Falcon 9
2015.1.10
：
fourteen
Falcon 9
2015.2.11
：
sixteen
Falcon 9
2015.3.2
：
seventeen
Falcon 9
2015.4.14
：
Dragon spaceship
LEO
success
Offshore recovery failed[36]
eighteen
Falcon 9
2015.4.27
：
nineteen
Falcon 9
2015.6.28
10:21
Dragon cargo spaceship
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
fail[37-38]
nothing
twenty
Falcon 9 FT
2015.12.22
9:29
11 Orbncomm OG2 satellites
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
It is the first time to successfully recover the first stage rocket on land, making history[39]
twenty-one
Falcon 9 V1.1
2016.1.18
2:42
Jason-3 Earth observation satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Offshore recovery failed[28][40]
twenty-two
Falcon 9 FT
2016.3.5
7:35
SES-9 communication satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
Offshore recovery failed[41]
twenty-three
Falcon 9 FT
2016.4.9
4:43
Drogon/CRS-8 space station cargo spaceship/BEAM
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
First successful offshore recovery[42]
twenty-four
Falcon 9 FT
2016.5.6
13:21
JCSAT-14 communication satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
Successful recovery at sea[43]
twenty-five
Falcon 9 FT
2016.5.28
5:39
Thiacom-8 communication satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
Successful recovery at sea[44]
twenty-six
Falcon 9 FT
2016.6.15
22:29
Eutelsat 117WB/ABS 2A communication satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
Offshore recovery failed[45]
twenty-seven
Falcon 9 FT
2016.7.18
0:45
Dragon/CRS-9 space station cargo spaceship/IDA-2
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
The second land rocket recovery mission was successful[10][46-47]
twenty-eight
Falcon 9 FT
2016.8.14
13:26
Japan Jcsat-16 communication satellite[48]
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
success
Successful recovery at sea[49-50]
/
Falcon 9 FT
2016.9.1
9: 07 (explosion time)
Israel Amos-6 communication satellite
nothing
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base SLC-40
Not fired.Explosion occurs during static ignition test[51-52]
The composite pressure vessel of the second level liquid oxygen tank fails[53]
twenty-nine
Falcon 9 V1.1
2017.1.25
1:54
Iridium Next 1-10 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Resumed launch, successful recovery at sea[54-55]
thirty
Falcon 9 FT
2017.2.19
22:38
Dragon/CRS-10 space station cargo spaceship
LEO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
Successful recovery on land[56]
thirty-one
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.3.16
14:00
EchoStar-23 communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
The first stage rocket does not recover[57]
thirty-two
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.3.31
6:27
SES-10 communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
First time launch, successful recovery at sea[58]
thirty-three
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.5.1
19:15
NROL-76 (USA276) spy satellite
LEO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
Successful recovery on land[59]
thirty-four
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.5.16
7:21
Inmarst 5-F4 maritime satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
First maritime satellite mission, no recovery[60]
thirty-five
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.6.4
5:07
Freight Dragon Spacecraft
LEO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
First reuse of cargo spaceship, LC-39A 100th launch, land recovery[61]
thirty-six
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.6.24
3:10
BuigariaSat communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
The second reusable rocket launch, the recovery robot was put into use, and the marine recovery was successful[62]
thirty-seven
Falcon 9 FT
2017.6.26
4:25
Iridium Next 11-20 communication satellite
GTO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Titanium alloy grille rudder is used for the first time and recovered successfully[63-64]
thirty-eight
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.7.6
8:37
Intelsat 35e communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
The heaviest load so far, not recycled at one time[65]
thirty-nine
Falcon 9 Block 4
2017.8.15
00:31
Dragon/CRS-12 space station cargo mission
LEO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
Successful recovery on land[66]
forty
Falcon 9 Block 4
2017.8.25
2:51
Taiwan Fuwei No. 5
SSO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Successful recovery at sea[67]
forty-one
Falcon 9 Block 4
2017.9.7
21:50
Boeing X-37B Returnable Military Spacecraft
LEO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
SpaceX's first air force launch mission[68]
forty-two
Falcon 9 Block 4
2017.10.9
20:37
Iridinm Next 21-30 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Successful recovery at sea[69-70]
forty-three
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.10.12
6:53
SES 11/Echostar 105 communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
Successful recovery at sea[71]
forty-four
Falcon 9 Block 4
2017.10.31
3:34
Korean 5A communication satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
Successful recovery at sea[72]
forty-five
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.12.15
23:36
CRS-13 International Space Station Freight Mission
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Land recovery, multiplex transmission[73]
forty-six
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2017.12.23
9:27
Iridinm Next 31-40 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
One time non recycling[74]
forty-seven
Falcon 9 Block 4
2018.1.8
9:00
unknown
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Successful land recycling[75]
forty-eight
Falcon 9 FT
2018.2.1
5:25
SES 16/Luxembourg Govsat 1 satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Successful soft landing of rocket at sea[76]
forty-nine
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2018.2.22
22:17
Paz Earth Observation Satellite
SSO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
No recycling, the first show of version 2.0 fairing, and the curtain call of Block3 configuration[77]
fifty
Falcon 9 Block 4
2018.3.6
13:33
Hispasat 30W-6 communication satellite of Spain
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Poor sea conditions, no recovery[17][78]
fifty-one
Falcon 9 Block 4
2018.3.30
22:13
Iridium Next 41-50 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Reuse launch, the second recovery and recovery of version 2.0 fairing failed, and the first level does not recover[79]
fifty-two
Falcon 9 full thrust version
2018.4.3
4:30
SpecaX
CRS-14 International Space Station Freight Mission
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Dual multiplex launch, no recovery of primary rocket[80]
fifty-three
Falcon 9 Block 4
2018.4.19
6:51
Transit Extraplanetary Survey Satellite (TESS)
HEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Good partner of Weber Telescope[81]
fifty-four
Falcon 9 Block 5
2018.5.12
4:14
Bangladesh I satellite
GTO
Kennedy Space Center LC-39A
success
[82]The beginning of the era of rapid reuse[83]
fifty-five
Falcon 9 Block 4
2018.5.23
3:47
GRACE-FO-1&2, Iridium NEXT 51-55 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success[84]
The third recovery of version 2.0 fairing failed[85]
fifty-six
Falcon 9 Special Block 4
2018.6.4
12:45
SES-12 satellite
GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
The heaviest all electric push star[86]
fifty-seven
Falcon 9Block4
2018.6.29
17:42
CRS-15
LEO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Challenge the two-and-a-half month reuse cycle, and the block4 core level curtain call[87]
fifty-eight
Falcon 9Block5
2018.7.22
13:50
Telstar - 19V
Sub GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
The first stage of the rocket was successfully recovered.[88]The world's heaviest commercial communication satellite[89]
fifty-nine
Falcon 9Block5
2018.7.25
19:39
Iridium Next 56-65 communication satellite
LEO
Vandenberg Air Base SLC-4E
success
Flow hood recovery continues to fail[90]
sixty
Falcon 9Block5
2018.8.7
13:18
Merah Putih（Telkom 4）
Sub GTO
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base LC-40
success
Block5 first reuse[91]
sixty-one
Falcon 9Block5
2018.10.7
Earth observation satellite of SAOCOM-1A
Vandenberg Air Force Base in Central California
success
Recycling succeeded[32]
sixty-two
Falcon 9
2018.12.3
success
Carry 64 satellites[92]
sixty-three
Falcon 9
2019.5.23
60 satellites
Cape Canaveral, Florida
success
60 satellites, each weighing about 227kg[3]。
sixty-four
Falcon 9
2019.7.7
Israel AMOS-17 satellite
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base, Florida
success
The first stage of the rocket is not recovered[19]。
sixty-five
Falcon 9
2019.11.11
09:50
60 "Starlink" Internet communication satellites
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base, Florida
success
The total weight of the satellite carried is 15.6 tons[3], setting a load record for Falcon 9 carrier rocket[2], turtledoves enter randomly during launch[1]。
sixty-six
Falcon 9
2019.12.5
Cape Canaveral Air Force Base, Florida
success[93]
sixty-seven
Falcon 9
2021.3.11
03：13
60 "Star Chain" Internet satellites
Cape Canaveral Launch Site, Florida
success
sixty-eight
Falcon 9
2021.6.29
14：56
The second special small satellite "spell out" launch mission "Transporter 2"
Space Force Base, Cape Canaveral, Florida
success[98]
sixty-nine
Falcon 9
2021.11.24
14：21
DART spacecraft building
Vandenberg Space Force Base
success
After separation from the rocket, DART will fly alone for nearly a year and hit a smaller asteroid in a near Earth "twin" asteroid system in September 2022 to change its orbit.[106]
seventy
Falcon 9
2022.4.8
23:17
SpaceX "Manned Dragon Spaceship"
Kennedy Space Center
success[122]
seventy-one
Falcon 9
2022.5.13 Pacific Time
15：07
53 "star chain" satellites
Vandenberg Space Force Base, California
success[133]
seventy-two
Falcon 9
2022.5.15
04:40
53 satellite chains
Cape Calaver LC-40 launch pad
success[135]
seventy-three
Falcon 9
2022.5.18 EDT
06：59
53 "star chain" satellites
Kennedy Space Center
[136]
seventy-four
Falcon 9
2022.7.15
08:44
Dragon Spacecraft
Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site
[146]
seventy-five
Falcon 9
August 5, 2022.0Korea Time
08:08
South Korean Lunar Orbiter "Danuri"
Space Launch Site 40, Cape Canaveral Air Force Base
success[150]
seventy-six
Falcon 9
2022.08.31 EDT
01:40
Starlink satellite
Vandenberg Air Force Base
success[155]
seventy-seven
Falcon 9
Local time 2022.09.10
"Star chain" Internet satellite
Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA[157]
seventy-eight
Falcon 9
Local time 2022.10.08
Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA[161]
seventy-nine
Falcon 9
Local time 2022.11.22
21:57
Eutelsat 10B communication satellite
Cape Canaveral Launch Site, Florida
success[165]
eighty
Falcon 9
November 26, 2022 local time
14:20
Dragon Spacecraft
Kennedy Space Center, Florida
success[166]
eighty-one
Falcon 9
2022.11.27
3:20
Nutcube Satellite
Kennedy Space Center, Florida[167]
eighty-two
Falcon 9
2023.02.12
05:10
72 batches of 55 satellite chains
Cape Canaveral
success[177]
eighty-three
Falcon 9
2023.02.17
14:12
51 "star chain" satellites
-
success[178]
SpaceX's 11th orbital mission in 2023
eighty-four
Falcon 9
2023.02.17
22:59
I-6 F2 communication satellite
-
SpaceX's 12th orbital mission in 2023
eighty-five
Falcon 9
2023.06.05
11:47
Cargo "Dragon" Spacecraft
Kennedy Space Center
[190]
SpaceX performs the International Space Station replenishment mission for NASA for the 28th time
eighty-six
Falcon 9
2023.11.11
90 payloads
success[206]
SpaceX once again completed the rocket "carpooling" task, sending 90 payloads to the sky
eighty-seven
Falcon 9
2023.12.01
10:19
Vandenberg Air Force Base[209]
success[211]
South Korean military reconnaissance satellite 1, Australian satellite, etc[213]
eighty-eight
Falcon 9
two thousand and twenty-four point zero one one nine
two thousand and twenty-four point zero three zero four
11:53
Dragon Spacecraft
Kennedy Space Center, Florida[228]
success
ninety-two
Falcon 9
2024.3.26
07:42
149 batches and 23 satellite chains
[232]
ninety-three
Falcon 9
2024.3.31
09:30
150 batches and 23 satellite chains
success
ninety-four
Falcon 9
2024.04.02
10:30
151 batches and 22 satellite chains
success[233]
ninety-five
Falcon 9
April 8, 2024
Korean military reconnaissance satellite
success[235]
ninety-six
Falcon 9
2024.07.09
7:30
Turkish communication satellite T ü rksat 6A
success[244]
ninety-seven
Falcon 9
July 11, 2024
"Star chain" emission
Pause launch[245]
ninety-eight
Falcon 9
July 27, 2024
success[248]
ninety-nine
Falcon 9
August 4, 2024
International Space Station Materials
success[249]
one hundred
Falcon 9
August 4, 2024
Cygnus cargo spaceship
success[250]
one hundred and one
Falcon 9
August 16, 2024 Pacific Time
Tanager-1
4E Space Launch Site at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California
success
Falcon 9
September 10, 2024 Beijing Time
17:23
SpaceX capsule
NASA Kennedy Space Center, Florida
success
Put four crew members into space[258]
Launch mission
Falcon 9 launches
October 19, 2014, located inSpace Exploration TechnologiesIt was announced recently that its Grasshopper rocket set a new record in the test at the beginning of this month: the rocket ignited from the launch pad and flew to 744 meters in the air, then landed vertically back to the launch pad.The company posted a video of the test on its website on the 7th. The whole test lasted 78.8 seconds, and the rocket was in good condition after landing on the ground.Compared with the traditional launch vehicle, the biggest difference in the appearance of "Grasshopper" is that it has four "legs" of steel aluminum structure, which are equipped with hydraulic shock absorbers.These four "legs" enable the rocket to withstand the huge impact of vertical fall back to the ground without serious damage.The space exploration technology company said that the experiment of "Grasshopper" is the enterprise's research and development of vertical takeoff and landing, fully reusableCarrier rocketThe "key step" of.The enterprise is developing a reusable version of its Falcon 9 carrier rocket, and successfully recovered some of its first stage rockets in a launch at the end of September 2014.
At 19:20 on January 6, 2015, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket was originally planned to be launched in the United StatesCape Canaveral Air BaseThe launch was launched, but the launch mission was suspended urgently when the countdown entered one minute. The Space Exploration Technology Company said that the launch mission was terminated urgently due to the "drift of the secondary thrust vector control driver" of the rocket.[9]Since the launch window period on January 6 was only 1 second, the launch mission was cancelled.
Falcon 9 Rocket Line Diagram
On July 18, 2016, Falcon 9 completed a new launch and successfully recovered.[10]
On the morning of September 1, 2016 local time, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket exploded at the launch site of Cape Canaveral Air Force Base.[11]
On February 18, 2017, the Space Exploration Technology Company will use Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch a cargo type dragon spacecraft to deliver supplies and scientific experimental equipment to the International Space Station.[12]
On July 3, 2017, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket was launched in Cape Calaveral, Florida, United StatesKennedy Space CenterWhen the 39A launch platform launched, the computer sent the command to cancel the launch when the launch countdown was 9 seconds.[13]
On the evening of January 8, 2018, the US secret satellite aboard the Falcon 9 carrier rocket did not enter orbit, and it may have fallen into the sea.[14-15]
On February 22, 2018, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket was successfully launched at Vandenberg Air Force Base, putting its Internet experiment satellites "Microsat 2a" and "Microsat 2b" into orbit.[16]
On March 6, 2018, Falcon 9 carrier rocket successfully put a Spanish communication satellite into orbit, which was the 50th launch mission.[17]
On June 29, 2018, Falcon 9 carrier rocket sent 2.7 tons of materials to the International Space Station, including the European robot assistant "Simon".[18]
On July 7, 2019, American Space Exploration Technology Corporation launched a communication satellite for an Israeli satellite company for free with the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to compensate for the losses caused to the company due to the launch accident in 2016[19]。On November 11, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the United States was launched, which set a record load of 15.6 tons for the Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[1-3]
On April 22, 2020, the US Space Exploration Technology Corporation used a Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch the seventh batch of 60 satellites of the "Star Chain" program into space, and continued to build the global satellite Internet[4]。
According to the original plan, the manned version of "Dragon" spacecraft of American Space Exploration Technology Corporation took off from Launch Pad 39A of Kennedy Space Center in Florida on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket at 16:33 on May 27, 2020 (4:33 on May 28, Beijing time).But when the countdown of the rocket launch was less than 20 minutes, the mission team announced that the launch mission was postponed due to weather reasons.The next launch window will be 15:22 EST on the 30th (3:22 GMT on the 31st).However, according to NASA, the possibility of suitable climatic conditions for the launch on the 30th is 50%.[5]
On July 20, 2020, South Korea's first military communication satellite, "Annassis-2", was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida, the United States, and the "Falcon 9" carrier rocket of American Space Exploration Technology Corporation undertook the satellite launch mission[20]。
On August 18, 2020, the Falcon 9 rocket (B1049.6) carrying 58 "Star Chain" satellites and three "Sky" earth observation satellites lifted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida, USA.[21]
In August 2020, NASA completed its first commercial manned flight test mission (Demo-2).On May 30, two American astronauts took the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the United States. They stayed at the space station for 64 days. On August 2, they successfully returned to the earth with the "Dragon" spacecraft and landed in Mexico Bay near Florida.[22]
On November 15, 2020, the US space exploration technology company "Dragon" spacecraft carrying four astronauts was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida by a Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[23]
On March 11, 2021, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket, carrying a group of 60 "Star Chain" Internet satellites, was launched in Florida.The launch was originally scheduled for March 9, but was postponed.The first stage of the rocket landed on the floating platform in the Atlantic Ocean as usual for the next launch[94]。
At 5:49 on April 23, 2021, the SpaceX manned dragon spacecraft was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to carry out the commercial manned space mission Crew 2,Send four astronauts (the four passengers are NASA astronauts Shane Kimbrough and Megan MacArthur, as well as Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Stargazer and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Thomas Pesquitt) to the International Space Station for a six-month mission.The spacecraft is scheduled to dock with the space station at 5:10 on April 24.[95]
On May 4, US time, SpaceX successfully launched a batch of "Star Chain" satellites.The Falcon 9 rocket was launched from the launch site in Cape Canaveral, Florida at about 3 p.m. that day.This is the 26th similar launch of the company, which put 60 small satellites into orbit.The first stage of the Falcon 9 rocket that launched the satellite has returned to the offshore platform.[96]
Falcon 9 rocket launch
On June 3, 2021 local time, in Florida, the cargo dragon spacecraft of SpaceX took the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to the International Space Station, which was the first time that SpaceX used a new Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch in 2021.[97]
At 14:56 on June 29, 2021, the US Eastern Time, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket was used by the Space Force Base in Cape Canaveral, Florida to carry out its second special small satellite "spell out" launch mission, "Transporter 2". As an aircraft entered the no fly zone set for rocket launch, the "spell out" mission was canceled when 11 seconds remained from the launch.The new launch time was set at 14:56 EST on June 30.[98]
On the evening of September 13, 2021, SpaceX announced that it had successfully launched Falcon 9 carrier rocket, putting a new batch of 51 "Star Chain" satellites into orbitAvenue[101]。
At 8:00 p.m. on September 15, 2021, SpaceX carried out its first purely commercial manned space mission using the manned dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 carrier rocket, sending four ordinary people into space for the first time.[100]
On October 29, 2021 local time, according to the US Capitol Hill, four astronauts will take off from the Kennedy Space Center on October 31 in the manned Dragon Flying Boat of the US Space Exploration Technology Corporation to the International Space Station.The US Space Exploration Technology Corporation and the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration plan to use the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to boost the launch at 2:21 a.m. on the 31stshoot[102]。
On November 10, 2021, the SpaceX manned dragon spacecraft will send four astronauts to the International Space Station to carry out the Crew 3 mission.At 21:03 EDT, Falcon 9 lifted off from Kennedy Space Center in Florida and put Endurance manned dragon spacecraft into orbit 12 minutes laterAvenue[103]。
On November 13, 2021, SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 carrier rocket at the Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site in Florida, the United States, which carried 53 "Star Chain" Internet communication satellites.[104]
At 1:21 am EST on the 24th (14:21 GMT on the 24th), DART spacecraft was launched from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California by a Falcon 9 carrier rocket.According to the plan, DART will fly alone for nearly a year after separation from the rocket and hit a smaller asteroid in a near Earth "twin" asteroid system in September 2022 to change its orbit.[106]
In 2021, at 18:12 on December 2, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket will launch 48 "Star Chain" satellites and two remote sensing satellites of BlackSky in Cape Canaveral, Florida.This launch was SpaceX2021's 27th Falcon 9 mission, breaking the record of 26 missions set in 2020.[107]
At 4:41 on December 18, 2021, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 52 "Star Chain" satellites at the Vandenberg Space Army Base in California, and SpaceX gave birth to the first one arrow 11 flying rocket.[108]
SpaceX's 30th round in 2021 and the second round in 2021: on December 19, 2021, it launched the second round, setting its own record for the shortest launch interval - the first round (Starlink Group 4-4) and the second round (Turksat 5B), only 15 hours and 17 minutes apart, breaking the previous record of 44 hours and 17 minutes.[109]
On December 21, 2021, SpaceX's Falcon 9 carrier rocket carried out the 24th commercial replenishment service (CRS-24) mission for NASA from the historic 39A launch site (LC-39A) of the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, completing the 31st and last launch in 2021.[110]
On January 6, 2022, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket sent 49 "Star Chain" satellites into low Earth orbit at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[111]
On January 13, 2022, SpaceX successfully carried out the "Transporter3" launch mission at the US launch pad 40 at Cape Canaveral, with many highlights and great significance.[112]
At 21:02 on January 18, 2022 EDT, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 49 "Star Chain" satellites at the Kennedy Space Center in FloridaStars.[113]
In January 2022, Ax-1 will use the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch passengers into space, and its trusted Crew Dragon spacecraft will transport four crew members to the worldSpace station.[114]
Falcon 9 rocket
In January 2022, Turkey's first pocket satellite "Gas" was launched with the space exploration technology company "Falcon" 9 rocket.[197]
On February 1, 2022, the Space Exploration Corporation's Falcon 9-1.2 rocket launched the Italian Space Agency's "Second Generation Mediterranean Space" (CSG) 2 radar remote sensing satellite at the Cape Canaveral Tianjun Station.[116]
On February 4, 2022, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying 49 satellite chains lifted off for the sixth time from Launch Site 39A (LC-39A) of Kennedy Space Center in Florida and entered low Earth orbit.[117]
At 9:12 on February 25, 2022, Pacific Standard Time, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 50 "Star Chain" satellites at the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.This is the fourth flight of the Falcon 9 primary booster. After the primary and secondary separation, the primary booster landed on the unmanned barge "Of course I still love you".[118]
At 8:45 on March 9, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 48 "Star Chain" satellites at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida.[119]
The Falcon 9 carrier rocket will launch for a record 12th time at 11:24 on March 19, 2022 Beijing time.The rocket will launch 53 star chain Internet satellites from Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida. If the launch is successful, it will set a new record for the repeated launch of SpaceX rockets.In addition, the rocket will also complete its 12th landing.[120]
At 12:24 on April 1, 2022 (Beijing time: 024 on April 2, 2022), the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket carried out the fourth exclusive launch mission "Transporter-4" at the Space Force Base in Cape Canaveral, Florida, sending 40 spacecraft into orbit, including CubeStar, Microsatellite, Pico satellite, etc.[121]
At 11:17 p.m. on April 8, 2022, Beijing time, SpaceX "Manned Dragon Spacecraft" carrying Falcon 9 carrier rocket lifted off from Launch Pad 39A of Kennedy Space Center in Florida, carrying four passengers to the International Space Station.[122]
In April 2022, it was reported that the first domestic spy satellite of South Korea would be launched in the United States by the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket in 2023, and five spy satellites would be put into orbit by 2025.[123]
On April 15, 2022, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced that the manned space mission Crew-4 plan was launched by the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket at Launch Pad 39A of Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 5:26 a.m. EDT on April 23. Four astronauts aboard the manned spaceship will go to the International Space Station for scientific investigation.The spacecraft is expected to dock with the International Space Station at 6:00 on April 24.[124]
On April 17, 2022, at 9:13 a.m. EDT, SpaceX launched a rocket at the 4E launch pad of Vandenberg Air Force Base, and successfully launched another military reconnaissance satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) using Falcon 9 B1071.2.About 8 minutes after lift off, the primary booster landed again accurately and completed recovery.According to the statement of Vandenberg Space Force Base, this is the first time that the National Reconnaissance Agency has completed the launch mission with the recycled "Falcon 9" first stage rocket.[125-126]
On April 21, 2022, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, sending another 53 "Star Chain" Internet satellites into space.[127]
In April 2022, the first "all private" space team of Spacex delayed its return to Earth due to weather reasons, and four "space tourists" will stay on the International Space Station for several days.The space exploration technology company announced on its website that the "Dragon" spacecraft and its four civilian astronauts were originally scheduled to return on the 19th. Due to the adverse weather conditions along the coast of Florida, the time to leave the International Space Station will not be earlier than 8:50 p.m. EDT on April 24.[128]
On April 27, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying the "Dragon" manned spacecraft carrying the new crew to the International Space Station was launched in Florida.The launch of the carrier rocket from the Cape Canaveral launch site took place at 10:52 Beijing time.[129-130]
On the evening of April 27, 2022, according to the CCTV news client, the US space exploration technology company "Dragon" spacecraft carrying four astronauts arrived at the International Space Station and docked with it successfully after nearly 16 hours of flight.The spacecraft was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 3:52 a.m. on the 27th (15:52 a.m. on the 27th, Beijing time) by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket.At 19:37 on the same day (7:37 on the 28th Beijing time), the spacecraft docked with the space station.[130]
At 17:27 on April 29, 2022, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 53 "Star Chain" satellites at the Space Force Base in Cape Canaveral, Florida. SpaceX has sent more than 2400 "Star Chain" satellites to the sky, while the turnaround time of the rocket recovery and reuse for this mission only took 21 days.This mission is the sixth flight and landing of the primary booster.About 8.5 minutes after launch, the primary booster landed on the unmanned barge "Please see the instructions".[131]
At 17:42 on May 6, 2022, Falcon 9 rocket B1058.12 launched 44 batches of 53 satellite chains at the 39A launch site of Kennedy Space Center.[132]
At 3:07 p.m. local time on May 13, 2022, at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, SpaceX used Falcon 9 rocket to launch 53 "Star Chain" system satellites into low Earth orbit again.SpaceX later said on social media that 53 satellites had been successfully deployed.[134]
04:40, May 15, 2022, Beijing time.SpaceX used the B1073-1 Falcon 9 rocket to carry out the star chain G4-15 mission from the LC-40 launch pad at Cape Calaver, and launched 53 star chain satellites into low Earth orbit. The launch was a complete success.[135]
Falcon 9 rocket
At 6:59 on May 18, 2022, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched 53 "Star Chain" satellites at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[136]
At 14:35 on May 25, US Eastern Time, Falcon 9 carrier rocket carried out SpaceX's fifth small satellite exclusive launch mission "Transporter 5" at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida, sending 59 spacecraft to the sky.[137]
On June 7, 2022, according to a press release issued by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the launch of the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station was postponed indefinitely due to engine failure.[138]
At 05:04 on June 9, 2022, the Nile Satellite-301 (Nilesat-301) was successfully launched from the Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site by the Falcon 9 rocket.[139]
At 12:09 on June 17, 2022, US Eastern Time, SpaceX successfully launched 53 satellite chains from the 39A launch station of Kennedy Space Center using the B1060-13 Falcon 9 rocket.[140]
On June 19, 2022, the official account of SpaceX announced on the social platform that the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket was successfully launched again.[141]
On July 5, 2022 local time, South Korea Radio International reported that South Korea's first lunar probe, "DANURI", began to be transported to the launch site of Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in the United States, and will be launched at 8:24 a.m. on August 3, South Korea time on SpaceX's recoverable medium-sized carrier rocket Falcon 9.[142]
On July 7, 2022 (Beijing time), SpaceX successfully launched 53 star chain 4-21 networking satellites using the 13 version Falcon 9 core level (B1058.13) at Kajiao.[143]
On July 11, 2022, at 9:39 p.m. EST on Sunday, a two-stage Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying 46 satellite chain Internet satellites of SpaceX lifted off from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.[144-145]
At 8:44 on July 15, 2022, the Falcon 9 rocket ignited at the Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site and put the Dragon spacecraft into orbit.The spacecraft will deliver about 2.6 tons of materials to the International Space Station, including food and materials needed for scientific experiments.[146]
At 1:40 a.m. (1:40 p.m. EDT) on July 23, 2022, Beijing time (Beijing time), SpaceX's 46 Starlink Internet satellites were successfully launched from Vandenberg Space Base, California, carrying Falcon 9.[147]
At 21:38 Beijing time on July 24, 2022 (9:38 a.m. EDT), SpaceX Falcon 9 was successfully launched at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, carrying 53 star chain satellites.[148]
In the afternoon of August 4, 2022 (the morning of August 5, 2022, South Korean time), South Korea will launch its first lunar probe, "Danuri", which will take off on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the US Space Exploration Technology Corporation.[149]
On August 5, 2022, the Ministry of Science, Technology, Information and Communication of South Korea said that the first lunar orbiter in South Korea - "Danuri" (Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter) had two-way communication with the ground control station at about 9:40 am that day.The US "Falcon 9" carrier rocket carrying the South Korean lunar probe ignited and lifted off at 8:8 a.m. on the 5th (7:8 p.m. on the 4th) South Korean time at the No. 40 space launch site of Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida, US.[150]
At 3:21 on August 20, 2022 (Beijing time), SpaceX launched 53 V1.5 satellite chains (Star Chain G4-27) into orbit with a nine version Falcon 9 carrier rocket (B1062.9) at Kajiao SLC-40, and the primary booster successfully landed on the "Lack of Solemnity" maritime recovery ship.[152]
At 23:41 on August 27, 2022 EDT, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX carrying 54 Starlink satellites lifted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida.Due to the weather, the launch was about 80 minutes later than originally planned.This is the 24th "Star Chain" satellite launch in 2022.So far, SpaceX has launched 3162 star link satellites, including prototypes and test devices that are no longer in use.On the same day, SpaceX announced that the "Star Chain" satellite Internet service had been launched in Norway.[153]
At 1:40 on August 31, 2022, the United States Eastern Time, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX carrying 46 Starlink satellites lifted off from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.About 8.5 minutes after liftoff, the first stage of two-stage Falcon 9 landed on the SpaceX robotic unmanned ship in the Pacific Ocean.[154]
Early September 2022, SpaceX's Crew-5 plan was launched,However, the launch was postponed to the end of September because the company accidentally bumped the booster of the new Falcon 9 carrier rocket onto the bridge.Some digital content creators will be invited to participate in the SpaceX Crew 5 mission. They will take the Dragon Spaceship to the International Space Station via the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to carry out scientific exploration missions.[156]
On September 19, 2022 local time, Hamad Al Marzooqi, head of the United Arab Emirates lunar exploration project, said that the United Arab Emirates would launch its first lunar rover in November 2022.[158]
On September 25, 2022 local time, SpaceX announced that 52 "Starlink" Internet satellites were put into orbit by Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[159]
On October 6, 2022, a Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX Company, ready for the 14th flight, was suspended less than one minute before ignition.[160]
On October 8, 2022 local time, SpaceX's Falcon 9 carrier rocket was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA, and passed through the moon near the full moon.[161]
SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket lifts off in the same frame as the full moon[161]
On October 8, 2022, Falcon 9 launched Galaxy 33 and 34 satellites for Intelsat, and also reached the highest record for the 14th use of a single rocket of this type.[163]
On November 13, 2022, SpaceX launched the Galaxy 31 and 32 satellites for Intelsat with a "version 14" Falcon 9 (B1051.14) at the SLC-40 launch site in Cape Canaveral, Florida.[162]
On November 17, 2022, Japan's space venture "space" announced that it would launch its independently developed lunar module at 5:46 p.m. (Japanese time) on November 28.At that time, it will be carried on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX, which will be launched from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida.This is a part of the lunar exploration plan "HAKUTO-R".[164]
At 3:20 on November 27, 2022, Taiwan made NutCube satellite (NUTSAT) took the Falcon-9 rocket of SpaceX Company to the International Space Station at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA.[167]
In December 2022, Falcon 9 carried 40 OneWeb satellites into low Earth orbit at Cape Canaveral 39A, Kennedy Space Center, Florida.[168]
On December 11, 2022, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying the lunar module developed by the Japanese private enterprise iSpace in Tokyo was launched in Florida, the United States. It will try to launch in April 2023The ball landed.[169]
On December 11, 2022, the lander of the lunar surface exploration project "White Rabbit - R" 1 mission of the Japanese private enterprise "i Space Company" was successfully launched by the US carrier rocket on December 11.[170-171]
On December 15, 2022 local time, the "Surface Water and Ocean Topography" (SWOT) observation satellite jointly developed by France and the United States will be launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the United States, with the Falcon 9 carrier rocket. It is expected to detect the earth's surface water and assist scientists in the study of the earth's climate.[172]
On December 28, 2022 local time, SpaceX announced that the Falcon 9 carrier rocket was successfully launched, putting 54 satellite chains into orbit.[173]At 2:38 a.m. on December 30, the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched the Israeli Earth Resources Observation Satellite (EROS C-3) from the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The 11th flight and recovery of the primary booster completed the last launch in 2022.SpaceX has successfully recycled for the 160th time.[174]
At 22:56 on January 3, 2023, Beijing time, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying 114 satellites of the "Transporter 6" mission was launched from the SLC-40 station of the Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida, the United States, and successfully deployed the satellite to polar orbit.[175]
On January 31, 2023, SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket 31 launched another 49 satellites for Musk's star chain program at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.After flying for eight and a half minutes, Falcon 9 rocket, the first stage recoverable rocket, successfully landed on an unmanned ship in the Pacific Ocean.[176]
On February 12, 2023, the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket sent 72 batches of 55 satellite chains into low Earth orbit from the Cape Canaveral 40 launch pad.This launch broke the record of the shortest turnaround time (5 days) for SpaceX on the same launch pad.[177]
The launch of Falcon 9 in Florida was canceled.The Falcon 9 carrier rocket was originally planned to launch a dragon spaceship carrying four astronauts.[179]
On February 27, 2023, US Eastern Time, NASA cancelled the launch mission of the manned "Dragon" spacecraft of the Space Exploration Technology Company aboard the Falcon 9 carrier rocket due to ground system failure.[180]
On March 2, 2023, SpaceX successfully completed the Crew - 6 manned space mission with Falcon 9 at the Kennedy Space Center.The "Dragon" spacecraft was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on the 2nd by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket.This mission is the sixth time that the manned "Dragon" spacecraft has transported alternate astronauts for the International Space Station.[181-182]On April 5 local time, he said on his blog that he planned to launch SpaceX manned spacecraft 7 in mid August.The mission will be carried out by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[184]
On May 6, 2023, the NASA Space Operations Mission Council just announced through Twitter that if everything goes according to plan, the Ax-2 mission of commercial astronauts to the International Space Station will be launched at 5:37 p.m. EST on May 21 (early morning Beijing time on May 22).The mission will use SpaceX's "Freedom" dragon spacecraft, launched by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket from the Kennedy Space Center.[185]
On May 14, 2023, according to the Russian satellite news agency in Washington, the Space Exploration Technology Company (SpaceX) said that the Falcon 9 rocket would send another batch of Starlink Internet satellites in Florida on May 14Into orbit.[186]
On May 21, 2023 local time, the "Dragon" spacecraft was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket, carrying four astronauts to the International Space Station[187], including two civilians from Saudi Arabia.It marks the second batch of civilian astronauts of Axiom Space going into space.It shows that the field of human space flight is developing at a high speed. It is no longer only national institutions that have the necessary funds to train and launch humans into space.[188]
At 11:47 on June 5, 2023 (23:47 on June 5, Beijing time), the cargo "Dragon" spacecraft took off from the 39A launch pad of Kennedy Space Center on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket to deliver scientific research equipment and supplies for the International Space Station.[189]
At 17:35 (ET) on June 12, 2023, SpaceX launched the eighth special small satellite carpooling mission from the SLC-4E launch platform of the Vandenberg Space Army Base in California and the Falcon 9 carrier rocket.This launch is a milestone of SpaceX, the 200th landing of Falcon I booster and the 200th landing of global orbital level vertical return booster.[191]
At 15:19 on June 22, 2023 (Beijing time), SpaceX Company of the United States successfully sent 47 V1.5 satellite chains into the scheduled orbit using a fourth version Falcon 9 rocket at Vandenberg Space Force Base.[194]
At 11:12 on July 1, 2023 (23:12 on July 1, Beijing time), Euclid took off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the US space exploration technology company.Later, Euclid successfully separated from the rocket.The European Space Agency confirmed that the signal from Euclid has been received through the ground station in Australia.[195]
In July 2023, SpaceX Company under Elon Musk, an American businessman, cancelled the launch of Falcon 9 carrier rocket again because of bad weather conditions, which carried a group of small satellite chains.[196]
At 11:36 on August 17, 2023, Beijing time, SpaceX successfully launched the 99th batch of satellite chains at the launch pad 40 at Cape Canaveral, using a 13 version Falcon 9 rocket B1067.13.[198]
At about 7:25 a.m. local time on September 2, 2023, SpaceX launched 13 Falcon 9 carrier rockets for NASA at Vandenberg Air Force Base in CaliforniaMilitary guardStar[199]。
At 11:00 a.m. on September 20, 2023 (Beijing time), SpaceX successfully launched 22 V2 microsatellites (with a total weight of about 17600 kg) using Falcon 9 at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida.This is the 40th star chain mission in 2023.[200]
At 10:00 (Beijing time) on September 30, 2023, SpaceX launched Starlink Group 6-19 missions at SLC-40, Kajiao Air Force Base, using Falcon 9, and sent 22 Starlink satellites into LEO orbit.At 10:00 (Beijing time) on September 30, 2023, SpaceX launched Starlink Group 6-19 missions at SLC-40, Kajiao Air Force Base, using Falcon 9, and sent 22 Starlink satellites into LEO orbit.[201]
At 4:23 p.m. on October 21, 2023, Beijing time, a 16 version Falcon 9 carrier rocket lifted off from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, putting 21 satellite chains into orbit.After the launch, the rocket was successfully recovered at sea again.[203]
At 22:17 p.m. on October 21, 2023 (10:17 a.m. on October 22, Beijing time), at the launch site 40 of Cape Ka, Florida, with the largest launch volume of SpaceX (150 rounds have been launched so far), another Falcon 9 carrier rocket was launched, and 23 V2.0 micro star chains were launched, the sixth orbital layer of the second generation constellation with a fixed orbit of 559 kilometers.[202]
On October 29, 2023, SpaceX announced on the social media platform X that it would give up the Falcon 9 launch attempt that night, and the next launch window would be 7:20 p.m. local time on the 30th.According to the information released earlier by SpaceX, this launch attempt included 23 "Star Chain" satellites, which were launched in Florida.[204]
On November 11, 2023 local time, SpaceX completed the Transporter-9 "carpooling" mission via the Falcon 9 carrier rocket. The first stage of the rocket returned to the ground about 7.5 minutes after lift off, and completed a vertical landing at Vandenberg.[206]
On November 13, 2023, Hon Hai Technology Group announced on its official website that two satellites, code named PEARL-1H and PEARL-1C, had been launched through SpaceX's Falcon 9 in the Transporter-9 launch mission;And after liftoff, the orbital part was completed successively in the 57th minute and 59th minute of flight timeDepartment.[207]
At 10:19 a.m. local time on December 1, 2023 and 2:19 a.m. Beijing time on December 2, 2023, the military reconnaissance satellite 1 independently developed by South Korea was launched from the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, USA.The military reconnaissance satellite was launched by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket developed by SpaceX.The satellite entered orbit about four minutes after launch, and successfully communicated with the ground station at 11:37 local time on December 1, indicating that the satellite was operating normally.[209-210][213]On the same day, the University of Melbourne, Australia, officially announced on its official website that at 5:19 a.m. EDT, an Australian satellite from the University of Melbourne and the Italian Space Agency was sent into space.This satellite was launched by Falcon 9 carrier rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, USA, and entered polar orbit 513km away from the earth.[211]On December 12 local time, the Space Exploration Technology Company (SpaceX) said that the Falcon 9 mission to launch the "Star Chain" satellite was cancelled this evening due to the high wind speed on the ground.[218]On December 15, 2023, the Science and Technology Innovation Board Daily reported that SpaceX planned to launch 21 Starlink satellites to low Earth orbit using Falcon 9 at 09:04 p.m. Pacific time (01:30 p.m. Beijing time) on December 14.The launch will include the first six Starlink satellites with direct connected mobile phone (DTC) function.[219]
On January 18, 2024, the "private" space team organized by the American private enterprise Axiom Space Corporation took the "Dragon" spacecraft of the American Space Exploration Technology Corporation to the International Space Station.This is the third "private" space mission organized by Axiom Space Company.[222]
At 16:49 on January 18, 2024 (5:49 on January 19, Beijing time), the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the Space Exploration Technology Company carried the "Dragon" spacecraft from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.Subsequently, the first and second stages of the rocket separated successfully.The first stage of the rocket landed at the Space Force Base in Cape Canaveral, Florida.The Dragon spacecraft is expected to dock automatically with the International Space Station at 4:19 a.m. EDT on January 20, 2024.[222]
On January 19, 2024 local time, Turkey's Anadolu News Agency reported that Turkey's first astronaut, Gezelavki, and three astronauts from Spain, Italy and Sweden took the American "Dragon" spacecraft and the Falcon 9 rocket from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida to the International Space Station on the same dayCommercial manned space mission, staying at the International Space Station for two weeks.[221]
At about 1:30 on February 8, 2024, NASA successfully launched a new climate observation satellite through the Eagle 9 launch system to collect information about the Earth's atmosphere and oceans.[224]
At 1:05 a.m. on February 15, 2024 (14:00 p.m. Beijing time), American Intuition Machine Co., LtdOdysseus(Odysseus) moon landing probe was launched by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of SpaceX, starting the moon landing mission。This launch is the 18th reuse of Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[225]
At 18:23 on February 22, 2024, the United States Eastern Time, Odysseus carrying the Falcon 9 carrier rocket landed on the moon.[226]It became the first private spacecraft ever to land on the surface of the moon.[223]
On March 15, 2024, American Space Exploration Technology Corporation successfully launched 23 "Star Chain" satellites with a reusable Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[229]
At 16:55 on March 21, 2024 (4:55 on March 22, Beijing time), the cargo "Dragon" spacecraft was launched from the Space Force Base at Cape Canaveral, Florida by the Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[231]
At 07:42 on March 26, 2024 Beijing time, the Space Exploration Technology Company launched 149 batches of 23 satellite chains.An eight handed Falcon 9 rocket was used for this launch.[232]
At 09:30 on March 31, 2024 (Beijing time), the Space Exploration Technology Company launched 150 batches of 23 satellite chains.This launch used an 18 handed Falcon 9 rocket.
At 10:30 on April 2, 2024 (Beijing time), the Space Exploration Technology Company launched 151 batches of 22 satellite chains.This launch used a 15 handed Falcon 9 rocket.The 15 hand Falcon 9 rocket B1071.15 successfully recovered from the barge at sea.[233]
On the morning of April 8, 2024 local time in South Korea, the US space exploration technology company "Falcon 9" rocket carrying the Korean military reconnaissance satellite was launched at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.Subsequently, the South Korean Ministry of Defense said that the South Korean military reconnaissance satellite launched in the United States on the same day entered orbit normally.[234][236]
At 12:30 on May 10, 2024, SpaceX launched 20 more star chain V2 Mini satellites, 13 of which can be directly connected to mobile phones.This mission was carried out by a second-hand Falcon 9 rocket, B1082.4, which was successfully recovered at sea.[238]
On June 13, 2024 local time, SpaceX announced on social platform X that due to weather reasons, the Falcon 9 launch attempt, originally scheduled for the evening of the same day, was canceled and the launch was tentatively scheduled for the 14th.[239-241]
On June 14, 2024, SpaceX announced the cancellation of the Falcon 9 launch mission that night.[242]
At 7:30 on July 2024 Beijing time, SpaceX successfully launched Turkey's first domestic communication satellite, T ü rksat 6A.[243]
At 7:30 on July 9, 2024 Beijing time, SpaceX launched Turkey's communication satellite T ü rksat 6A using a Falcon 9 rocket.
On the morning of July 28, 2024 Beijing time, SpaceX, the US space exploration technology company, launched two Falcon 9 rockets from the east and west coasts respectively in less than five hours.[248]
On August 4, 2024 local time, the live broadcast of the launch released by NASA showed that the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying the Cygnus spacecraft was launched in Florida, which will deliver materials for the International Space Station.The launch time of the launch vehicle from the Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site was 11:02 EST.The launch was originally scheduled for the day before, but was postponed due to weather conditions.[249]
At 11:02 a.m. on August 4, 2024 local time, SpaceX successfully launched the Swan cargo spaceship of Northrop Grumman from Cape Canaveral Space Launch Site with a 10 handed Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[250]
On August 8, 2024, according to the news released by the SpaceX "Polaris Dawn" mission team on social media X, the launch time of the manned orbital mission has now been determined as August 26.This mission will carry out the first private space walk in history, which is of great significance.[251]
On August 16, 2024, Pacific Time,Tanager-1Take the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and lift off from the 4E space launch site of Vandenberg Air Force Base in California to enter Earth orbit.It will be used to monitor methane and carbon dioxide emissions from the earth.[252]
Falcon 9 rocket
At 11:33 a.m. on September 6, 2024 (UTC 15:33), SpaceX used a 15 handed Falcon 9 to complete the 191st batch of star chain launch missions, and launched 21 star chain V2 Mini satellites, 13 of which have the direct connection function of mobile phones.[255]
At about 17:23 on September 10, 2024, Beijing time, SpaceX Company launched a dragon spaceship with four astronauts from the Kennedy Space Center in the United States to carry out a flight mission called "Polaris Dawn". The rocket to undertake this launch is Falcon 9.[256-257]
Flight dynamics
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Recycling failed
On January 14, 2015, Elon Musk, founder of the US Space Exploration Technology Company, excitedly sent a picture of the rocket launch on Twitter.On the same day, the company's Falcon 9 rocket successfully sent the Dragon spacecraft to the International Space Station.But on the second day of the rocket recovery test, the soft landing again "fell".[9]As a result, all rockets and platforms were damaged.
On June 28, 2015, SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 carrier rocket to carry out the cargo supply mission of the International Space Station. The rocket exploded and disintegrated two and a half minutes after liftoff, and the cargo compartment carrying about 2500 kg of supplies was also destroyed.This is the third time in eight months that the space station supply mission has failed.The originally planned rocket recovery and landing test also failed.
On January 17, 2016, the US Space Exploration Technology Company successfully launched the Falcon 9 carrier rocket carrying an ocean observation satellite, but the mission that attracted more attention during this trip - the first stage of the rocket's sea recovery attempt again ended in failure.[28]
On July 25, 2018, Falcon 9 carrier rocket successfully launched the seventh batch of 10 satellites of Iridium Communications Corporation's next generation global satellite program into target orbit.Subsequently, the first stage of the rocket was recovered at sea again, but the recovery of the fairing failed again.[29]
At 6:04 a.m. on June 19, 2023 (Beijing time), SpaceX will use Falcon 9 carrier rocket to launch the Indonesian communication satellite SATRIA-1 into the geosynchronous transfer orbit.[192]
Recycling succeeded
At 4:52 a.m. Beijing time on April 9, 2016, Falcon 9 successfully lifted off with the Dragon Spacecraft. After the primary rocket booster was separated, the extremely difficult recovery mission at sea was tried again.After several failed attempts before, the first stage rocket landed steadily on the sea platform named "I still love you", making a historic breakthrough[30]
Advanced points of "Falcon 9" recycling
The recovery technology of Falcon 9 primary rocket is highlighted by landing support, attitude control technology, cross supply of propellant and efficient engine.Falcon 9 carrier rocket can control the falling speed of the rocket by three times of ignition and braking deceleration of the main engine, from 1300 meters per second to 2 meters per second.[31]
Impact on future aerospace
Elon Musk, founder and CEO of Space Exploration Technology Company, hailed the success of "Falcon 9" sea recycling, saying: "This is another step to the stars." The American Commercial Space Flight Association issued a statement saying that fast reusable rockets are the key to more economical and feasible future space flight, and success is a "big step" in this field.The American Space New Field Foundation said that this landing will not only affect the aerospace industry, but also affect future human innovation.[31]
On October 7, 2018, American Space Exploration Technology Corporation successfully sent an Argentine earth observation satellite into space with a Falcon 9 carrier rocket, and successfully realized the first stage land recovery of the rocket on the west coast of the United States for the first time.[32]
On June 30, 2021, SpaceX, an American space exploration technology company, successfully carried out the second "carpool launch" mission, using the reusable Falcon 9 carrier rocket booster to put 88 microsatellites into orbit, and achieved the first booster land recovery in 2021.[99]
In December 2022, Falcon 9 sent 40 OneWeb satellites into low Earth orbit, and the first stage of the rocket landed and recovered in situ on the launch pad, making the mission a complete success.[168]
On November 23, 2021, according to the Russian Space Group, according to monitoring, the debris of the Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched by the United States in 2019 will approach the International Space Station at 7:18 a.m. Moscow time on November 25.[105]
On January 26, 2022, the Russian satellite network said that according to the data of the online space garbage tracking software, the American Space Exploration Technology Company (SpaceX) had a piece ofThe space movement track of the rocket debris shows that it is about to collide with the moon.The wreckage of this runaway rocket belongs to the Falcon 9 carrier rocket launched by SpaceX in February 2015.[115]
Rocket explosion
The rocket carrying Facebook Amos-6 satellite has been completely destroyed.Originally, the satellite would be launched on the Falcon 9 carrier rocket at 1:33 p.m. GMT on September 3 to provide Internet services for parts of sub Saharan Africa.Although the shock caused by the rocket explosion was strong and lasted for several minutes, SpaceX said that the explosion did not cause casualties.[11]
Supply mission
On June 29, 2018,SpaceX will carry out the mission of delivering supplies to the International Space Station for the 15th time for NASA. It will use Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft to deliver nearly 6000 pounds of various materials to the International Space Station, including food, water, instruments and equipment for scientific experiments and technologies that need to be tested in the space microgravity environment. The most special one will "live" on the International Space StationArtificial intelligence robot.
This robot, named "CIMON", looks like a volleyball with a computer screen on one side.The screen shows a simplified cartoon face, which the robot will use to communicate with the astronauts on the International Space Station.In order to "walk", there are 14 fans installed inside CIMON. These fans can inhale the air in the International Space Station, and then push CIMON to move in any desired direction.[24]
Landing successful
In the 20th launch of Falcon 9, the first stage rocket returned and landed successfully, becoming an important milestone in the development of human rocket industry.The space exploration technology company, the developer of Falcon 9 rocket, persistently pursues the reuse of carrier rockets, and has made a lot of exploration in the reuse technology, which successfully creates a new way for the reuse of carrier rockets.This road is commendable both technically and commercially.
In the first test on July 14, 2014, the first stage of the Falcon 9 rocket fell into the sea 10 meters away from the recovery ship, which was no different from the accuracy of the hundred steps that greatly encouraged the space exploration technology company.However, the recovery test in 2015 failed one after another in the wake of disasters: on January 10, 2015, the first sea landing recovery test of Falcon 9 rocket exploded on the recovery ship due to landing angle problems, even causing damage to some equipment on the ship;In the recovery test on February 11, the rocket had to give up because the wind and waves in the falling area were too big, and the rocket fell directly into the Atlantic Ocean;In the third test on April 14, although adaptive improvements were made to the control system of the grid wing hydraulic system, the first stage of the rocket still turned into the sea when the landing force was too large.To make matters worse, on June 28, the rocket exploded directly in the launch of a cargo spaceship. Not only did the scheduled recovery test go to naught, but the normal launch mission had to be suspended before the failure inspection of the rocket was completed. The re launch and recovery test were far from expected. Taikong Exploration Technology Co., Ltd. used this rare time to improve the rocket design and improve the manufacturing quality,At the end of the year, it finally returned to the launch market with the greatly improved Falcon 9 V1.1FT (full thrust version).Not only that, after repeated efforts, the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States issued a permit at the last moment to allow the first stage of the rocket to fly back to the first landing site at Cape Canaveral. The new version of the Space Exploration Technology Company's Falcon 9 rocket also did not fall short of expectations. It launched in the morning of December 22 and then successfully landed on the landing site,This is the first carrier rocket that flew back to the launch site after taking part in the orbital launch, and a new era has begun.[34]
Fall into the sea
On December 26, 2023, according to media reports, SpaceX's Falcon 9 booster B1058 fell into the sea in the latest transportation mission, ending its mission.[220]
Launch failed
On July 13, 2024, it was reported that SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket grounded after a rare flight error and was waiting for the results of the accident investigation.[246]
On July 26, 2024, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said in a statement on July 25 that the latter might resume flight operations during the continuing investigation of the abnormal conditions that occurred during the launch of the SpaceX "Falcon 9" rocket on July 11.FAA believes that this abnormal situation does not involve public security issues.[247]
Successfully recycled
On March 15, 2024 local time, SpaceX launched 23 "Star Chain" satellites into space with a "19 handed" Falcon 9 carrier rocket, and the first stage of the rocket was successfully recovered again.This is the highest record for the reuse of the first stage of Falcon 9 carrier rocket.[230]
On April 23, 2024 local time (Tuesday), SpaceX successfully launched 23 satellite chains with Falcon 9 carrier rocket at the Florida launch site, and achieved the 300th rocket booster landing after launchRecycling.[237]
Landing failure
At 15:48 on August 28, 2024, SpaceX used Falcon 9 (B.1062) carrier rocket to launch a total of 21 Starlink 8-6 satellites at Cape Canaveral.This is also the 23rd flight mission of the B.1062 booster.After successfully putting 21 satellites into orbit, the rocket had an accident when it landed on the unmanned recycling ship "A Shortfall of Gravitas" in the Atlantic Ocean.It overturned and exploded for some reason during recovery, which is also the first landing failure of Falcon 9 since February 2021, and also means that the record of continuous successful recovery of Falcon 9 core level has ended at 267 times.[253]
Temporary grounding
On August 28, 2024 local time, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced that the mission of SpaceX's Falcon 9 spacecraft would be suspended, and asked to investigate the mission failure of the spacecraft that day.
It is reported that Falcon 9 was temporarily grounded due to failure in a routine mission, which is the second time that SpaceX will be grounded in 2024.A spokesman for the Federal Aviation Administration said that no public injuries or public property losses were reported, but the Federal Aviation Administration requested an investigation.[254]
world record
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From March 2, 2019 to March 19, 2022, the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of Space Exploration X has carried out 12 missions, setting the Guinness World Record for the first stage rocket with the most missionsRecord.[193]
Overall evaluation
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Falcon 9 is an important step for SpaceX to build reusable rockets. The company hopes to reduce rocket launch costs by reusing rockets[183]。（China Military Online Review）
The cost of the Falcon 9 carrier rocket of the Space Exploration Technology Company is about 62 million dollars. Reuse means that the cost of a single launch will be greatly reduced.Elon Musk, CEO of American Space Exploration Technology Corporation, said, "This means that the most expensive first stage of orbital rockets can be launched again and again, and eventually it will bring about a huge revolution in aerospace."[214]。（China Online Review）
Falcon 9 has realized the recovery of the primary rocket. If the secondary rocket recovery is realized later, the rocket launch cost can continue to be reduced.The low-cost rocket technology represented by Falcon 9 carrier rocket is an important link to promote the development of global commercial aerospace.[217]（Xinhua Online Review）
