Doctor of LawHigher EducationThe doctoral degree in the system belongs to the final degree.
The objects and categories of the award of Juris Doctor vary from country to country.In the United States and other countries, Doctor of Juris Science (J.S.D for short) or Doctor of Philosophy in Law (Ph.D. in Law for short) is a research-oriented degree awarded to personnel who have completed doctoral training.
In China, Doctor of Law is a kind of academic doctoral degree. The scope of award includes not only legal science, but also political science, sociology, ethnology, Marxism, public security science and other social sciences.
LawPhD candidateMainly divided intojurisprudence, legal history, constitutional law and administrative lawcriminal jurisprudence、Civil and Commercial Law, procedural law, economic law, environmental and resource protection law, international law and other majors, mainly cultivating students for legal teaching, scientific research and judicial practice departmentsSpecialists。
Notice of the Ministry of Education on Issuing the List of the Ninth Batch of Disciplines and Specialties Authorized for Academic Degrees Degree [2003] No. 57:
Beijing
Peking University
Beijing
Renmin University of China
Beijing
China University of Political Science and Law
Hubei province
WuHan University
Chongqing City
Southwest University of Political Science and Law
Beijing
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Notice of the Ministry of Education on Issuing the Tenth List of Disciplines and Specialties Authorized for Academic Degrees (Degree [2006] No. 3):
Jilin University
Law
East China University of Political Science and Law
Law
Nanjing Normal University
Law
Xiamen University
Law
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
Law
Notice of the Ministry of Education on Issuing the List of First level Disciplines Authorized by the Doctoral and Master's Degrees in 2010 (Degree [2011] No. 8):
First level discipline authorized for doctoral degree
Law
Southeast University
ministry of education
First level discipline authorized for doctoral degree
Law
Notice of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council on Issuing the Special Evaluation Results and Handling Opinions of 2014 Academic Degrees Authorization Points (Xue [2016] No. 5):
The evaluation result is "unqualified"Degree authorization point, revocation of degree authorization from the date of the voluntary document:
Tongji University is unqualified in law
South China University of Technology Law unqualified
The second level doctoral program in legal theory of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee was upgraded to the first level doctoral program in law
Notice of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council on Issuing the List of Academic Degrees Authorized Points Cancelled and Added by Dynamic Adjustment in 2017 (Xue [2018] No. 3):
Notice of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council on the Issuance of the List of Degree Authorizing Points Cancelled and Added by Dynamic Adjustment in 2018 (XU [2019] No. 8), Notice of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council on the Issuance of the List of Degree Authorizing Points Cancelled and Added by the Existing Independent Degree Authorizing Review Units in 2018 (XU [2019] No. 11):
Notice of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council on the Issuance of the List of Degree Authorizing Points to be Cancelled and Added for Dynamic Adjustment in 2019 (Xue [2020] No. 3):
The institutions with second level doctoral programs in law have basically been upgraded to first level doctoral programs in the Notice of the Ministry of Education on Issuing the List of First level Disciplines Authorized for Doctor and Master's Degrees in 2010 (Degree [2011] No. 8), the Central Party School (Degree [2018] No. 9 upgraded to first level doctoral programs), andFuzhou University、Xi'an Political CollegeThe second level doctoral program in law has not become the first level doctoral program:
ten thousand and thirty-six
University of International Business and Economics
030105
Civil and commercial law (including labor law and social security law)
-
-
030109
International Law (including public international law, private international law and international economic law)
ten thousand and forty-one
People's Public Security University of China
030106
Procedural law
ten thousand one hundred and forty
Liaoning University
030107
Economic Law
ten thousand one hundred and fifty-one
Dalian Maritime University
030109
International Law (including public international law, private international law and international economic law)
ten thousand two hundred and twelve
Heilongjiang University
030105
Civil and commercial law (including labor law and social security law)
ten thousand two hundred and forty-six
Fudan University
030105
Civil and commercial law (including labor law and social security law)
-
-
030109
International Law (including public international law, private international law and international economic law)
ten thousand two hundred and forty-eight
Shanghai Jiaotong University
030103
Constitutional Law and Administrative Law
ten thousand two hundred and eighty-four
Nanjing University
030107
Economic Law
ten thousand two hundred and eighty-five
Suzhou University
030103
Constitutional Law and Administrative Law
ten thousand three hundred and thirty-five
Zhejiang University
030101
Legal Theory
-
-
030103
Constitutional Law and Administrative Law
ten thousand three hundred and fifty-seven
Anhui University
030107
Economic Law
ten thousand three hundred and eighty-six
Fuzhou University
030108
Law of Environment and Resource Protection
ten thousand four hundred and twenty-two
Shandong University
030101
Legal Theory
-
-
030103
Constitutional Law and Administrative Law
-
-
030105
Civil and commercial law (including labor law and social security law)
ten thousand four hundred and twenty-three
Ocean University of China
030108
Law of Environment and Resource Protection
ten thousand four hundred and fifty-nine
Zhengzhou University
030103
Constitutional Law and Administrative Law
ten thousand five hundred and thirty
Xiangtan University
030102
Legal history
-
-
030106
Procedural law
ten thousand five hundred and thirty-two
Hunan University
030107
Economic Law
ten thousand five hundred and forty-two
Hunan Normal University
030109
International Law (including public international law, private international law and international economic law)
Name of University Doctoral Program Name of Degree Awarded Discipline
Service of Northwest University of Political Science and LawNorthwest ChinaStable Development and National Security Law
In addition, whether andPolitical Theory(0302), sociology (0303), ethnology (0304) and other law (03) doctorates, and several law doctorates in schools areInterdisciplinary，Degree pointIt is not in the first level doctoral program of law (0301) but under other first level doctoral programs, such as Xi'an Jiaotong University, the professional doctor of legal governance (1204J1), the doctor of management (1204), andGuangxi University for Nationalities, under the doctoral program of the first level discipline of ethnologyEthnic jurisprudenceSecondary disciplineDoctor degree, but because the degree code of ethnology is (0304), which belongs to the category of law (03), it is also awarded the degree of Doctor of Law.
Degree certification
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The doctor's degree is a sign of the education level andacademic levelThe academic title of the highest level of knowledge of the profession that meets the specified standards.Among the bachelor's degree, master's degree and doctor's degree, the doctor's degree is the highest level.
China's doctoral degree is awarded by the State Councilscientific research institutionGrant.Postgraduates of institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions, or withPostgraduates with equivalent academic qualificationsThe doctoral degree can be granted to those who have passed the course examination and thesis defense of the doctoral degree, passed the examination and reached the specified academic level.
Length of schooling
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The general period of study for a doctor of law is at least three years, which must include the completion of certain credits of the designated courses, and after passing the qualifying examination, students must write a doctoral thesis and pass the thesis defense. After obtaining the recognition of the college, they can be awarded the degree of a doctor of law of the college system.
American Doctor of Law
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US Principal Name
Respond to local conditionssystem of educationDifferent from the tradition of the college, the name of the degree of Doctor of Law in each college is also different. Generally, there are:
Chinese name
English name
abbreviation
Brief description of general educational system
Doctor of Law
Doctor of Laws
LL.D.
The name of the department is directly applied to the name of the degree.
Doctor of Philosophy of Law
Doctor of Philosophy in Law
Ph.D.
Traditional colleges with the name of Doctor of Philosophy as the research doctoral degree are more common in British institutions, including universities in Hong Kong and Australia.
Doctor of Law and Literature
Doctor of Letters in Law
D.Litt.
A college under the tradition of naming a non science research doctoral degree as a Doctor of Literature.
Doctor of Legal Science
Doctor of Judicial Science
S.J.D./J.S.D.
The naming of the doctoral degree initiated by the American Law School has also been seen in universities in Canada, Hong Kong, Australia and other places, because the law education in many places has learned from the American law education.
Derivative Problems of American Juris Doctor
Because of AmericanLegal educationThe first one providedBasic degreeIt is called "Juris Doctor (J.D.)", and the degree is not a doctor's degree, but it does mean "Doctor of Law" when translated into Chinese, because it has caused trouble for many non English speaking areas.However, since "Doctor of Law" in many languages has long been defined as "Doctor of Law" in the society of that language, many places where this problem occurs are also JD. Name.But for JD. Before naming, there were many regions or colleges to clearly distinguish JD. The official name of the degree will be used as a hard translation with the real Doctor of Law degree, for example, the official name of the degree will be used to translate SJ. D. Defined as "lawDoctor of Science”(As shown in the above table), although the four names mentioned in the above table are all Doctor of Laws in the sense, they are hard translated in many placesAll haveestablished by the people through long social practice.
In Chinese, whether mainland China or ChinaHong Kong, ChinaTaiwan, all of them have experienced JD. In order to avoid confusion, both mainland China and Taiwan have studied solutions. Now, J.D.'s officialChinese translationIt is "Professional Law Diploma".
