Shamash，Ancient two river valleyHelios, usually he and his father LunaXin(Sin, Sumerian“Nanna”）, Sister VenusIshtar(Ishtar, Sumerian“Inanna ”）It is regarded as the triple god of stars.
The prototype of Shamash is Sumerian Utu, which means "bright" and "day" in Sumerian;In Akkadian, "Shamash" means "sun";Semite is called "Shams" and "Sharps", which have similar meanings.He is the god of justice and is regarded as "the judge of heaven and the world";He overcame the night and cold, and his brilliance cracked the hearts of all those who advocate evil, just like the ubiquitous "law net".
Every morning, the scorpion man of the east corner mountain will open the huge door, and the sun god will jump out of the mountain and start the day trip to the sky.He ascended into the sky in the golden chariot given by Brunei.When the night falls, the sun god hides in the underground of the west corner, passes through the low passage, and rushes to the mountain of the east corner.The next morning, Shamash rose again for a trip to heaven.
He also failed to deal with his sister Ishtar's marriage.It is said that Ishtar liked the "god of agriculture"EnqimuduHowever, he forced her to marry Tammuz, the "shepherd god". As a result, Ishtar became very dissolute and liked to rape his lover. Later, he sold his husband to Hades.
Different from the Egyptian and Greek myths, the worship of the moon god in the ancient two river basins preceded the worship of the sun god. They did not regard the sun god as the highest god, nor regarded the sun god as the agricultural protection god, so there were few myths and legends about the sun god.
Shamash, the god of justice
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Hammurabi Code Stone Carving
Shamash is also the god of justice, famous《code of hammurabi 》Embodied in relief.
The upper part of the relief of the Code of Hammurabi depicts a relief painting of the code granted by Shamash, the sun god and justice god, to King Hammurabi.
Hammurabi on the stone tablet, wearing a crown and robes, raised his right hand and was standing in front of the sun god to swear.The sun god sits on the throne, wearing a spiral hat.The long beard of the sun god is also the same as the traditional style of this era, which is woven into a very neat long beard braid.He bared his right shoulder and wore a robe. His right hand solemnly held the magic symbol as a symbol of power, and his left hand held the magic ring.This is a sacred "authorization" scene, which can also be called "God given fiefdom ceremony".
The throne of Shamash is very similarBabylon, CubaThe shape of a temple pagoda (Kikulata).Temple pagoda is the earliest architectural form in the sacrificial activities in the two river basins. As a "divine house", it is for ordinary people to worship.In the prosperous period of Sumerian art, a large number of brick pagodas with steps and similar to watchtowers have been built.The throne of Shamash is carved into the temple tower style, which means that the highest god is on the throne.
The standing king looks slightly smaller than the god on the throne.As a relief, it is handled on the top of the "Code Stone Tablet", which is very harmonious.This kind of combination of national codes and art is quite creative. It is an example of the ancient monument of merit.
