Democratic Party[12]yesU.S.AOne of the two major political parties.The predecessor of the Democratic Party was founded in 1791, when it was called the Republican Party.Renamed in 1794Democratic Republican Party。
On June 13, 2019, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) of the United States announced that 20 Democratic presidential candidates would hold a televised debate in late June, and another four were not qualified to participate.[4]
The origin of the Democratic Party can be traced back toThomas JeffersonandJames MadisonCreated in the 1790sDemocratic Republican Party(Democratic Republican Party), also referred to as the Republican Party at that time, to highlight its supportRepublicanismPrinciple of.Democratic and Republican Party formed the main political force of the first party system in history.Democratic Republicans specifically opposeAlexander HamiltonLeadingruling party-Federalist PartyIn contrast to its policy, the Federalist Party advocated a strongcentral governmentRelax the interpretation of the Constitution and a government ruled by elites.Jeffersonians (before 1801) supported France in the war between Britain and France, and opposed the signing of peace with BritainJay treaty (Jay Treaty), for fear that it will encourage the monarchical forces in the United States.Democratic Republicans will be independent farmers（Owner farmer）As the mainstay of the Republic, it despises cities, banks and factories.Jefferson and his friend Madison established the state power of local states as the core idea of the party in 1798.Democratic and Republican PartySouthern United StatesAnd the west have the most support, but the six states in the northeast have little influence.
Democratic Republican PartyIn the election of 1800, he won both the President and the Congress, and appointedHenry Clay Served as the powerful speaker of the House of Representatives.The Federalist PartyWar of 1812Collapse at the end.
Andrew Jackson, the first Democratic president (1829-1837)
Andrew Jackson was the first president of the Democratic Party (1829-1837).
The so-called Second Party System is the Democratic Party and their main opponents -Whig PartyThe confrontation between.According to the Democratic Party, the state of New YorkPennsylvania、Virginiaas well asBorder areasThey established a national alliance, but theyNew EnglandIt still has little influence.Like the Jeffersonians, the Democratic Party strongly opposed "aristocratic" meritocracy and banking, and appealed their public opinion base to the "people".By the 1920s,The right to voteThere are no restrictions on property of a certain scale, so white men in almost all regions can participate in voting.
The Democratic Party is a complexPolitical alliance, supported by farmers from rural areas across the country and labor groups in urban areas.The main topic of the Democratic Party in the 1830s was to establish a stronger party mechanism, oppose the country andcentral bankAnd oppose those modernization policies that achieve industrial development at the expense of taxpayers.Unlike the vertical division of labor in industry, the Democratic Party strongly supportsNew agricultureOne example of this is the expansion of land, the expulsion of western Indians and the acquisition of large tracts of land after 1846.
Martin Van BurenHe won the presidency in 1836, but the economic depression in 1837 made him lose the re-election.James Knox Polk He won the election in 1844 and ledUS Mexico War, reduced tariffs, established treasury branches, andWashington StateThe state of Oregon and the southwestern region were incorporated into the country, after which he retired and was not re elected.In the election of 1848, a faction called Free Soil Party opposedSlaveryIt expanded moderately and finally broke with the Democratic Party.The Democratic Party passed a mediation in 1850Slave owning stateAndFree StateThe bill only delayed the outbreak of the conflict.As the WhigsExclusivismThere were internal differences on the issue, and the Democratic Party was elected easily in 1852Franklin Pierce, and 1856James BuchananServe as President.
Civil War and Reconstruction
The leader of the Democratic Party in the Senate - fromIllinoisIn 1854, Stephen Douglas, despite strong opposition, implemented the Kansas Nebraska addition（Kansas-Nebraska Act), becomingAmerican Civil WarOne of the causes of.At that time, the structure of political alliances, politicians and voters was greatly changed, and new political issues and policies emerged in large numbers. This period was known as the Third Party System in history.The Whig Party was then completely dissolved.While the Democratic Party continued to develop, many northern pro slavery Democrats (especially the Liberal Soil Party since 1848) joined the newly established Republican Party.fromKansasThe dispute over slavery eventually led to the split of the Democratic Party, and most Democrats in the north finally chose to support itStephen A. Douglas 。
In the presidential election of 1860, Douglas failed to obtain two-thirds of the nomination votes in the Democratic nomination convention.After a heated debate, the Democratic Party elected Douglas in the north and John Bracken in the southRichie(John C. Breckinridge) to run for president and vice president.In the civil war, it is not allowed toparty politicsHowever, party disputes are still quite common in the north.After the war broke out, Douglas tried to reorganize the Democrats in the north to support the Union, but he died in June 1861, and the Democratic Party immediately lost its prominent national leader.There was a great split within the Democratic Party due to different views on the war.In the 1862 congressional elections, the Democratic Party still maintained a certain performance, but by 1864presidential electionThe militant candidate nominated by the Democratic PartyGeorge Brinton McClellan(George B. McClellan) The general did not agree with the originally set moderate policy, and most of the militant Democrats voted for himLincoln。In the election of 1866, the Republican Party won a two-thirds majority in the Congress and completely mastered the national policy.Ulysses Grant He led the Republican Party to win big victories in 1868 and 1872.
The economic depression that broke out in the United States in 1873 enabled the Democratic Party to regain the majority position in the Congress in the election in 1874.After the Civil War, white southernersReconstruction periodThe Democrats also benefited from their dissatisfaction and resentment towards the Republicans.When the reconstruction period ended, African Americans in the southern states were again deprived in the 1890sCitizenshipThe South also became the largest Democratic Party in the next centuryTicket warehouse。In many areas of the South, only the Democratic Party dominates. Winning the Democratic Party's nomination convention is often equal to winning the election.
Gold plating period (1877-1896)
Grover Cleveland
National elections remained balanced in the 1880s.Although the Republican Party firmly controlled the White House before 1884, the Democratic Party still maintained a considerablecompetitiveness。At that time, the Democratic Party was led by factions who supported the business class, and they had solid support in the SouthMidwest AmericaThe rural areas ofReedDescendants andIrelandAmerican American support.They also controlled the House of Representatives during that period.In the 1884 presidential election, the Democratic reformist governor of New YorkGrover Cleveland Won the presidential election.He lost re-election in 1888, but was re elected in 1892.ClevelandIs the conservative leader of the Democratic Party, representing businessmen, banks, andRailway CompanyAgainstImperialismAnd overseas expansion, he also supportsgold standardSystem, and fight against corruptionTaxAnd customs duties.Democratic conservatives wereWilliam Jennings BryanDefeated.
Progressive period (1896-1932)
In the presidential election of 1896, the political ecology was greatly changed, and the historic Fourth Party System began.Agricultural Democrats demand the opening of silver coinsFree casting, eliminated Grover Cleveland and nominatedWilliam Jennings Bryan Run for president.Brian swore at the nomination meeting to promote the gold and silver standardMonetary system, claiming to fight against the eastern currencyinterest group。But he still lost the election to the Republican PartyWilliam McKinley 。
The Republican Party controlled the presidency for 28 years in the next 36 years, and dominated most of the Northeast andCentral and western regions, and half of the western region.Brian has solid support in the south and the Great Plains. He was nominated for the presidential election again in 1900, but lost again to McKinley and again in 1908William Howard Taft 。The conservative Democrats won the nomination convention in 1904, but still lost to the Republican PartyTheodore Roosevelt。By 1908, Brian had abandoned the idea of free silver coinage and anti imperialism and supported the mainstream progressive policies at that time, especially“Antitrust legislation”And the anti commercial monopoly act.
Wilson
Taking advantage of the split within the Republican Party, the Democratic Party controlled the Congress in 1910, and nominated reformist intellectuals in 1912 and 1916woodrow wilson the president elect.WilsonThe Congress successfully passed a series of progressive laws, including the systematic anti trust lawClaytonAntitrust legislation(Clayton Antitrust Act)income taxNew policies for farmers and 8-hour working hours for railway workers.The most important thing is to createFederal Reserve SystemA national central bank has been established.He also outlawed child labour through the Supreme Court.promulgationprohibition order of alcoholic beverageNo. 18 ofConstitutional amendment, and the establishment of womenVoting rightsThe 19th Amendment to the Constitution was passed during his term of office, but the two amendments were also the result of the mediation of the two parties.Wilson ended long-standing disputes over tariffs, currencies, and antitrust policies that dominated the next 40 years.
Wilson led the United States to winthe First World War, and signed a contract including the establishment ofLeague of NationsInsideTreaty of Versailles。But in 1919, Wilson's political fortunes and his health began to decline, and the political situation began to reverse.The Senate refused to join the Versailles Treaty and the League of Nations. At the same time, the nationwide strike tide and violence also caused a lot of unrest.The Democratic Party also split into a north-south confrontation due to the prohibition of alcohol.In the end, the Republican Party won the presidential election in 1920, 1924, and 1928 due to the differences within the partyoverwhelming victory。However, during this period, Al Smith consolidated Catholicmeans of monopolizing ticketssupport.
The economic panic madeFranklin Delano RooseveltHe won an overwhelming victory in the election in 1932.Roosevelt put forward a set of vague political opinions in the election campaign, promised to abolish the prohibition of alcohol, and criticizedHerbert Hoover 's ruling failure.Roosevelt launched a series of huge government plans: the New Deal within 100 days of taking office.These plans focus on smoothing, restoring and reforming the American economy, that is, lifting unemployment and agricultural depression, restoring economic development to the level before the Great Panic, and reforming the system to avoid the recurrence of depression in the future.
The election in 1932 made the Democratic Party obtain the majority in both houses and governors of each state. The election in 1934 further consolidated the majority position.A series of plans in 1933 werehistorianIt was called "the first wave of new policies", and the first wave of new policies basically represented the general public opinion at that time;Roosevelt tried to further extend the New Deal to business and labor, farmers and consumers, urban and rural areas.By 1934, however, Roosevelt's policy had become increasingly controversial.Roosevelt tried to shift the Democratic Party's support base from business to farmers and workers.The New Deal is basically a series of responses to economic difficultiesGovernment regulationAnd system.Also in this period, the meaning of two ancient terms in the United States was completely changed. "Liberal" and "liberalism" began to represent the position of supporting the New Deal, and the classical meaning of these two words was labeled as "conservative" and "conservative".The conservatives in the Democratic Party were angered by the New Deal. Under the leadership of Ai Smith, they formed the American Liberty League in 1934 to try to fight back, but it was too late.
After taking control of the Congress in 1934, Roosevelt continued to launch the legislative plan known as the "Second New Deal".This wave of new policies has greatly enhanced the influence of trade unionssocial welfareNationalization and substantial expansion, more regulation of commerce (especially transportation andCommunication industry）, and improve theBusiness profitTax on.With these policies, he established a new voter structure composed of different groups for the Democratic Party, called“New Deal Alliance”, including trade unions and ethnic minorities (most noteworthy:catholic, Jews, and, for the first time, blacks).In addition to the 1952 and 1956 elections, the New Deal Alliance dominated the US political circles for decades, until 1968.
After his overwhelming victory in the 1936 election, Roosevelt announced that he would expand the Supreme Court, which conflicted with his New Deal plan.A fierce conflict broke out in the Democratic Party, Roosevelt's Vice PresidentJohn Nance Garner He began to oppose him.Finally, the Republicans and conservative Democrats in Congress formed an alliance and together blocked almost all legislative proposals in Roosevelt's next term.Because of the threat of conservatives in the party, Roosevelt tried to carry out the party cleansing, but in the end he failed.
From this period, the term "liberalism" began to represent social welfare, trade unions, and the regulation of commerce in the United States.Those who oppose the New Deal - those who attach importance to long-term economic impact and supportEnterprise spiritAnd low taxesSmall governmentSome people began to call themselves "conservatives".
Truman (1945-1953)
Truman
Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945,Harry S. Truman After taking over, the conflict within the Democratic Party covered by Roosevelt began to emerge.Former Vice PresidentHenry Agard Wallace condemnTrumanHe is a war monger and criticizes his effortsTruman Doctrine、marshall plan,, and NATO.However, Wallace's supporters and the extreme left wing of the party were finally expelled, andFederation of Industrial Trade Unions(CIO) was also used by the young anti communist group in 1946-1948Hubert Humphrey Waiting for crowd out.The Republican Party also strongly criticized Truman's policy, and recaptured the Congress in the 1946 election, reversing theMinority Status.
Kennedy
Many Democratic leaders were also prepared to overthrow Truman, but they had no replacement.Truman also made a counterattack. He boldly convened the Republican controlled Congress in July and sent out a pile of bill reviews that he expected would cause great trouble to Republican lawmakers.Finally, as expected, the Republican Congress was deadlocked and made no progress. Truman took the opportunity to criticize them as "useless" throughout the country.Then in the 1948 presidential election, there was a big reversal. Truman defeatedThomas E. Dewey And was re elected, while the Democratic Party also recaptured the Congress.However, many of Truman's policies, such as the national health care system, were still blocked by congressional conservatives.In 1952,Dwight EisenhowerDefeated the governor of IllinoisAdlai Stevenson And recaptured the White House for the Republicans.Four years later, Eisenhower defeated againStevenson。In Congress, the Democratic Party was shrouded in the shadow of the war hero and often had to compromise with Eisenhower.In 1958, due to the proper organization of labor, the Democratic Party got an unexpected performance in the congressional elections.
senatorJohn KennedyWon the presidential election in 1960 and defeated the vice presidentRichard Nixon。Although Kennedy was in power for only a thousand days or so, he stillCubaLaunched the Bay of Pigs invasion and tried to stop the construction of the Berlin Wall. At the same time, 16000 soldiers were sent toSouth Vietnamto serve asThe Republic of VietnamA military adviser to the army.He also warmed up the relationship between the United States and the Soviet UnionSpace raceLet Americans land on the moon in 1969.stayCuban Missile CrisisLater, he tried to ease the tense relationship between the two countries.Kennedy also promoted civil rights and racial integration.On November 22, 1963, President KennedyDalasHe was assassinated and killed.The quick Vice PresidentLyndon Johnson He took office as the 36th President of the United States.Johnson is a firm supporter of the New Deal. He defeated the Democratic conservatives in Congress and passed a series of important progressive bills, known as the "Great Society" bill.Johnson also successfully passed the mainCivil Rights Act, the beginning of racial integration in the southern United States.At the same time, Johnson also escalated the Vietnam War, which led to conflicts within the Democratic Party, and finally lost the 1968 election.
Civil Rights Movement (1963-1968)
President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
African Americans who have firmly supported the Republican Party since the Civil War began to gradually support the Democratic Party in the 1930s, mainly because of the Democratic Party's New Deal poverty relief measures, welfare policies, and the First LadyEleanor Roosevelt Support for civil rights.In many metropolises, such asChicagoOften, an entire party headquarters originally affiliated with the Republican Party is transformed into the Democratic Party in an instant.However, in the late 1960s, the New Deal Alliance began to collapse. As more and more Democratic leaders expressed their support for the civil rights movement, the Democratic Party's traditional conservative white vote source in the south and Catholic support in northern cities began to collapse.After Truman expressed his support for civil rights and the abolition of apartheid laws at the 1948 Congress, many southern Democrats voted for itSouth CarolinaGovernor ofStrom Thurmond（Strom Thurmond）。
The Democratic Party's support for civil rights issues peaked when Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964Richard NixonUnder the leadership of the Communist Party of China, they began to implement their southern strategy, with the goal of resisting the erosion of local state rights by the federal government, and appealed to the support of conservatives and moderate southern whites.
1968 was a difficult year for the Democratic Party and the United States as a whole.Although the New Year offensive launched by the Vietnamese Communist Party in January failed in tactics, it brought a great blow to American public opinion.senatorEugene McCarthy (Eugene McCarthy) won support on the university campus with the appeal of anti war, and won the nomination primary of New Hampshire.Surprisingly, Lyndon Johnson gave up his candidacy on March 31, followed by the younger brother of former President KennedyRobert Kennedy Declare your candidacy.Just as he made good progress in the primary electionLos AngelesHe was assassinated suddenly.At that time, there was a fierce student anti war demonstration outside the Democratic Congress. Under the isolation of Chicago police, the Congress finally nominated Vice President Hubert·HumphreyCandidates fromMinnesotaHumphrey is a staunch New Deal supporter.meanwhileAlabamaDemocratic governor ofGeorge Wallace (George Wallace) decided to stand for election independently, and finally the election became a trilateral competition.Richard Nixon of the Republican Party won by a narrow margin, but the Democratic Party still controlled the Congress.
The 1968 election marked the beginning ofpolitical standThe turning point on the, exceptTexasAll the other southern states chose to vote for Nixon, the Republican Party, or Wallace, who left the party.From then on, the Democratic PartyvoteThe foundation began to turn to the north and east metropolitan areas, which is consistent with the traditional history of the partyDramaticThe reverse of.
Transformation era (1969-1992)
In the 1972 presidential election, the Democratic Party nominatedSouth DakotaSenator ofGeorge McGovern(George McGovern) participated in the election, McGovern took his clear anti war stance as a call, and advocated that immediatelyVietnam?Withdraw the army and guarantee the minimum income of all Americans.McGovern tried to fight against Nixon's policy, but was dragged down by his running mate Thomas Eagleton, who proved that Eagleton was suffering frommelancholiaAnd has also acceptedelectroshock therapyAfter that, the Democratic Party urgently replaced the candidate, but it has damaged the public image of McGovern.The final election became Nixon's overwhelming victory, and McGovern only wonMassachusetts。However, the Democratic Party still maintains a majority position in the Congress and most state legislatures.
watergate eventThe scandal was soon destroyedNixonThe Democratic Party has a glimmer of hope because of its presidential term of office.stayGerald Ford Nixon was pardoned shortly after he took office in 1974, which enabled the Democratic Party to write a great article about this and strongly criticized the "corruption" of the Republican Party, which made them benefit greatly in the elections in the next few years.1976presidential electioninJimmy CarterSurprisingly elected as a dark horse.
James Earl Carter
Some of President Carter's policies include the establishment of the national energy policy, the consolidation of government institutions, and the creation of two new government departments - the Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Education.Carter tried to deregulate industries such as transportation, aviation, railway, finance, communications, and oil, so he abandoned the New Deal's economic control policy for a long time.He consolidatedSocial welfare systemAnd appointed a record number of women and people from ethnic minorities to important government departments and judge positions. He also issued manyenvironmental protectionAct.stayforeign affairsOn the other hand, Carter's achievements include mediationyom kippur war The Camp David peace treatythe Panama Canal Treaty ,, andThe People's Republic of ChinaEstablish formaldiplomatic relations, simultaneously withSoviet UnionconductStrategic arms limitation negotiations。In addition, the Carter administration also emphasized human rights as the main axis of foreign policy.
Despite these efforts, Carter finally failed in the reform of the national health insurance plan or the tax system, which he promised during the election.At the same time, domesticinflationIt also climbed sharply.beyond seas,Iranian hostage crisis(November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981) took 52 Americans hostage and detained them for 444 daysmilitary meansThey all ended in failure.The Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 also made the American public more aware of Carter's incompetence and vulnerability.In the 1980 election, although Carter was re elected through the Democratic nomination convention, he was finally re elected by the Republican Party in NovemberRonald Wilson Reagan (Ronald Wilson Reagan) Defeat.Meanwhile, the Democratic Party also lost 12 Senate seats, which was the first time since 1954 that the Republican Party regained the Senatecontrol power。However, the House of Representatives still has a Democratic majority.
The reasons that led to the election of Republican President Ronald Reagan also included that many Democrats began to support conservative policies at that time.These voters, known as "Reagan Democrats", were still Democrats before and after Reagan's term. Most of them were white people from the Northeast and Midwest, attracted by Reagan's social conservatism and his hardline foreign policy.In the presidential election in 1984, the former vice president, the candidate recommended by the Democratic PartyWalter Mondale He was still a staunch supporter of the New Deal, and Reagan finally won an overwhelming victory in 49 states.In the 1988 election, Michael Dukakis, governor of Massachusetts, abandoned the New Deal color and changed to publicAdministrative expertsThe image ofGeorge Herbert Walker Bush Defeated with an overwhelming victory.
The Democratic Party still maintains a majority in the Congress, although the Republican Party controlled the Senate from 1980 to 86.The Democratic Party often conflicts with Reagan on many issues, and they oppose Reagan's fundingNicaraguaContras overthrew the leftist government.The Democratic Party failed to prevent Reagan from reducing the income tax rate significantly, and they supported Reagan'sMilitary budgetHowever, he opposed Reagan's drastic reduction of social welfare programs.The Democratic controlled Congress finally passed most of Reagan's proposed tax cuts and defense increasesBudgetBut rejected other budget reduction proposals.As a result, the federalbudget deficitAnd the national debt soared to the unprecedented record.
In order to recover from three consecutive overwhelming failures (1980, 1984, 1988), some conservative Democrats began to try to shift the Democratic Party to the position of the middle.Reserved onCenter leftAt the same time, it also attracted some voters who held moderate or conservative views on various issues. From then on, the Democratic Party began to mix more diverse political views.
Clinton (1993-2001)
Clinton
In 1992, after 12 years, the Democratic Party was finally elected a president.presidentBill Clinton It began to try to balance the federal budget for the first time since Kennedy, and continued to maintain theAmerican economy。In 1994, the U.S. economy reachedunemployment rateandInflation rateThe lowest level in 25 years.Clinton also signed the Brady Bill of gun control, which stipulates that handgun sales must wait for five days;He also legislated to ban the sale of many forms of semi-automatic firearms (until 2004).His Family and Medical Leave Act covers 40 millionU.S. Population, provide labor for 12 weeksStay without payHolidays to take care of children or sick people.He helped recoverHaitiOfdemocratic systemAnd actively mediateIsraelandPalestineAnd reached aNorthern IrelandThe first cease-fire in history also contributed toDardenThe signing of the Dayton Agreement endedYugoslaviaNearly four years of war and massacre.Clinton was re elected in 1996, becoming the first Democratic president to be re elected for two consecutive terms since Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1944.
However, the Democratic Party lost its majority in both houses of Congress in 1994.Clinton vetoed two Republican proposalsWelfare systemThe reform proposal was accepted for the third time in 1996.And reformJudicial system's privateSecurities litigationThe Private Securities Litigation Reform Actveto powerI also passed.The trade unions, which have gradually lost their influence since the 1960s, found that their own influence within the Democratic Party was also gradually declining;Despite the strong opposition of the trade union, Clinton stillCanadaandMexicoSignedNAFTA。
When the Democratic Party gradually turned to the centrist position, some Democrats from the centrist or conservative background began to highlight, and also made some achievements in the partyLeadershipAnd influence.Some liberals and progressives feel that they are isolated by the Democratic Party, and that the Democratic Party no longer cares about the issues of the general people and the left wing.
The 21st century (presidential election in 2000)
In the 2000 presidential election, the Democratic Party nominatedClintonVice President ofAlbert Gore As a candidate.Gore and his Republican opponent -George Walker Bush There are political differences on many issues, but Gore's close relationship with Clinton has also attracted criticism from the left, including the Green Party candidateRalph Nader And claimed that Gore andBushThere is no difference.Goregeneral electionWon more than 500000 votes from Bush, but becauseElectoral college systemAnd lost.Many Democrats criticized Al Gore's defeat because of Nader's vote grabbing effect.Despite Al Gore's failure, the Democratic Party regained five seats in the Senate, bringing the gap between the original 45-55 and the Republican Party to 50-50A drawStatus (kept by the Republican Vice Presidentveto power ）。However, the draw did not last long. The Republican Party again won the majority position in the Senate in 2002 and 2004, and the Democratic Party once had only 44 seats left, the lowest since the 1920s.
On September 11AttacksAfter that, the political focus of the United States began to turn to the issue of national defense and security.Except for one member who voted against it, all other Democratic and Republican members chose to authorize the 2001 invasionAfghanistan。Democratic leaders of the Senate and the House of Representatives also supported the signing of the USA PATRIOT Act and the invasion in 2003Iraq。In 2003, when the Democratic Party disagreed on whether to invade Iraq, some Democrats gradually expressed their concern aboutWar on TerrorThey also criticized some domestic laws derived from the American Patriotic Law for eroding civil rights andCivil liberties。
Because Enron and other companiesfinancial fraud Under the influence of the scandal, Democrats in Congress pushed forward a bill to reform and supervise business accounting affairs, hoping to avoid further fraud.This led to the joint approval of the two parties in 2002Sarbanes Oxley Act。The Democratic Party also supported someEconomic recoveryPolicy.
A senator from MassachusettsJohn Kerry It was the Democratic Party's presidential candidate in 2004.
Preparations for the 2004 presidential election began as early as the end of 2002, and Gore announced that he would no longer seek nominations.Howard Dean （Howard Dean）Participated in the Democratic Party's primary election in an anti war stance.Senator John of Massachusetts·KerryHe was also nominated because he was considered more "qualified" to run than Dean.
Due to the outsourcing of many American industries, the unemployment rate of American workers has gradually increased, and some Democrats, such as Howard Dean, have begun to change their attitude towardsfree tradePosition.In 2004, the Bush administration was slow to findWeapons of mass destructionThe evidence of, the increase in US military casualties, and the uncertain prospect of the war on terror have all become hot topics in the election.In that year, the Democratic Party emphasized easing the unemployment rate, solving the Iraqi crisis, and fighting terrorism more effectively.
In the election, Kerry won the general electionElectoral CollegeThey all lost, and the general election lost three million votes.The Republican Party also added three seats in the Senate and four seats in the House of Representatives.It was also the first time since 1952 that the Democratic Party's leader in the Senate had failed in the presidential election.Democrats inLouisiana、New Hampshire,, and Montana won the gubernatorial election but lostMissouriThe governor ofGeorgiaParliamentary elections.
After the election, many analysts believed thatKellyOur campaign strategy is rather poor.Including improper handling of the yacht veterans' quest for truth, taking the initiative to oppose same-sex marriage, and Kelly'sIraq WarHis contradictory attitude is the cause of his failure.Other reasons include the stable employment market at that timestock market, and prosperouseconomic environment。
reverse
After the 2004 election, many Democrats began to think about changing the direction of the party, and many different strategies were proposed.Some Democrats suggested that the party should move towards a more centrist and right-wing line in order to regain its seats in both houses and the 2008 elections;Some people advocate turning the political party to the left to become a firmer opposition party.
These controversies were also reflected in the election of the chairman of the Democratic National Committee in 2005,Howard Dean In the end, Dean claimed to decentralize the central system of the Democratic Party and support the party headquarters in local states, even in Republican controlled states.
When the 109th Congress began, the Democrats choseHarry Reid (Harry Reid) as the leader.Reid tried to rally Democratic lawmakers' positions on some issues, and he also prevented the Republican Party from privatizing the welfare system.In 2005, the Democrats saved their lives in Virginia andNew JerseyGovernor of.However, the Democratic Party has lost its important townNew YorkMunicipal mayor election.
RepublicanAbramovAfter the relevant lobbying scandal broke out, the Democratic Party seized the opportunity to hype it as a campaign issue in 2006.President Bush's slow response to Hurricane Katrina has also become one of the issues.The public's views on the Iraq war are also shared with the Republican Partynegative effectAt the same time, many conservatives also believe that Bush has made government spending out of control, which has led to a continuous decline in Bush's presidential approval.
The Democratic Party won the majority position in the House of Representatives in the 2006 mid-term elections in the United States, and also dominated the Senate. The 110 term Congress began in 2007 (the Senate has 49 non party members who are Democrats, 49 Republicans, and 2 Democrats).This is the first time in 12 years that the Democratic Party has won the majority position in the House of Representatives.The Democratic Party's victory is mainly due toIntermediate votersVote for the conservative candidate of the Democratic Party [8].The Democratic Party has also made progress in the governor election, and its seats in the state legislatures have also increased.Not only did the Democratic Party nominateCaliforniaLance Pelosi, the first womanUnited States House of RepresentativesSpeaker.It also used the advantage of the number of people to make the proposal of withdrawing troops from Iraq succeed in the House of Representatives.
The area with the highest support of the Democratic Party was originally the southern part of the United States - that is, the states that had participated in the secession of the Allied countries before, but changed to the northeast (New England), the central and western regions in the north, andThe Great LakesArea, plusAtlanticThe coast includes California andHawaiiWithin the region.The Democratic Party also has high support in major cities, including New York City, Los Angeles, ChicagoPhiladelphia、boston、Detroit、San Francisco, Dallas, andWashington DC。Democrats in some southern states like Virginia andFloridaThey also performed well.
Finally, November 4, 2008US Eastern TimeAt 11:00 p.m., the results showed that Obama had been elected the 44th President of the United States.[2]
Joseph Biden
2019
On April 13, 2019,United States House of RepresentativesChairman of the Fund raising Committee, DemocratRichard Neal A new deadline was set for the National Taxation Bureau again: April 23 local timeTuesdayBefore 17:00, provide President Trump's tax paymentDeclarationOtherwise, it will be regarded as rejecting the request of Congress.Neil's request is the first time in 45 years that the House Ways and Means Committee has asked the IRS for an incumbent presidentTax information。[5]
December 9, 2022, United StatesArizonaSenator Kristen Sinama announced that she had withdrawn from the Democratic Party and become an independent.
organizational structure
The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is responsible forOrganization and coordinationDemocraticCampaign。Although DNC is also responsible for supervising the process of compiling Democratic political opinions, it mainly focuses on the election campaign andOrganizational strategy, not the wholepublic policy。In the presidential election, it is responsible for leading the process of the National Congress, including the primary election stage, fundraisingcivil mediationTest and coordinate campaign strategies.After the election of the nominee, according to the provisions of the Election Fund Raising Law, campaign fund raising activities that exceed a certain amount can only be carried out within the framework of the political party.
The chairman of the National Committee (Howard Dean) is elected by the members of the Committee every four years.When the president is a member of the Democratic Party, the members of the committee usually support the candidate selected by the president as the chairman.Howard Dean was elected Party Chairman after defeating many opponents at the beginning of 2005. He advocated that the Democratic Party should not only focus on those whose support is close to that of the Republican Party“Swing state”And put forward the so-called "fifty states strategy".His goal is to enable the Democratic Party to win elections in every state and at every level, and to have a sound party headquarters in every constituency in the country.
According to the Democratic Party's Constitution, the National Congress is actually the highest authority of the Democratic Party, not the National Committee, which is only responsible for organizing ordinary political party activities [17].The National Committee is composed of representatives of the Democratic Party headquarters in each state. The total number of 200 representatives is divided according to the population of each state. The representatives are usually elected by the primary elections of each state or the local party headquarters. Some elected representatives will also hold other positions, and some are representatives of the Democratic Party in various regions.
the Democratic Party of the United Statescongresscampaign forThe Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) is responsible for assisting local elections for the House of Representatives. It raised more than 10 million yuan in the 2005-2006 elections;The current chairman of the DCCC is the Illinois RepresentativeRahm Emanuel （Rahm Emanuel）。In addition, there is the Democratic Senate Campaign Committee, which also raises a lot of funds for candidates from all over the country in the Senate election. The chairman is the senator from New YorkChuck Schumer （Chuck Schumer）。
Other smaller fundraising organizations include the Democratic Congressional Election Committee, a group responsible for local state parliamentary elections.The Democratic National Committee also has two youth organizations: the Young Democrats of America and the College Democrats.
Each state has an independent party headquarters, which is composed of elected committee members (usually elected officials and representatives of major constituencies), and they elect the chairman of the party headquarters.County, town, city and district committees are usually composed of people elected at the local level, and state and local committees are usually based on theirJurisdictionCoordinate election activities, supervise local grand assembly or primary election and cadre meeting, and sometimes nominate candidates according to local state laws.Although they usually seldom obtain fundraising funds, in 2005, Dean, the party chairman, started a new plan to assist the party headquarters of these local states with funds from the National Committee, and employ full-time party headquarters employees.Dean was quite dissatisfied with the continuous demands of the Senate and House Election Committees to concentrate funds on states with close elections, so he decided to distribute all funds equally to the states, regardless of their elections.
Congress
Introduction to the Democratic National Congress of the United States
In 1824, the Democratic Party proposed to hold the National Congress. In 1832, the first National Congress of the Democratic Party was held inMarylandBaltimoreAt the meeting, representatives from all over the country will vote to select candidates for president and vice president.
Democratic National CongressIt is held every four years, every presidential election year.It has three main functions: nominating presidential and vice presidential candidates;Discuss and adopt the party's election platform;Make party rules.Over the years, the Democratic National Congress system has undergone tremendous changes.Today, the candidates for president and vice president are usually determined before the meeting. Delegates only complete the voting form at the meeting, and will not change the results of previous presidential primaries.The conference focuses on integrating the power of the Democratic Party, stimulating the enthusiasm of voters to vote, building momentum for presidential candidates and raising fundsCampaign funds。
The 49th session in 2020
August 17-20, 2020,[6]The 49th Democratic National Congress will be held.The theme of the conference is "United States";The host city is located in the Midwest of the United StatesWisconsinOfMilwaukeeCity.sufferCOVID-19 epidemicThe main activities will be held online and remotely.The Congress will nominate the former Vice President of the United StatesJoe Biden And the current Senator of CaliforniaKa mala Harris It is the Democratic Party's presidential candidate and vice presidential candidate in the US general election in 2020.[6]
Sign name
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Thomas Nast The painting "A live donkey kicks a dead lion".
In the 1790s,Federalist PartyThe term "Democrat" and "Democrat" were deliberately used to humiliate Jeffersonians.However, by the 1830s, the term had gradually changed from a derogatory word to the name of the party, and the party began to formally call itself the "American Democratic Party".By the end of the 19th century, "Democrats" had also become the abbreviation of the party.
Donkey is the most common symbol of the Democratic Party, although the Democratic Party has never officially adopted it [20].The origin of this sign is not clear, and there are several theories to explain it.According to the first theory, the symbol of the donkey came from the 1828 presidential election, which was highly competitive and the two sides exposed each other's wounds,Andrew Jackson 's opponent set up a play depicting Jackson asMale donkey(Jackass) teased him and called him "Andrew Donkey", but Jackson readily accepted the nickname.
The second theory claims that on January 15, 1870Thomas Nast (Thomas Nast)《Harpers》A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion marked the Democratic Party as a "donkey" for the first time in a weekly titled "A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion".Since then, the donkey has become the symbol of the Democratic Party, while the elephant has become the symbol of the Republican Party.
Happy Days Are Here AgainParty Song。This song is inFranklin RooseveltThe song played when he was nominated as the presidential candidate at the Democratic Party Congress in 1932 is still an unofficial representative song of the Democratic Party today.
The Democratic Party also often names all kinds of fundraising celebration days held by the party as Jefferson Jackson Day, in memory of the two early presidents whom the Democratic Party is most proud of - Andrew Jackson and Thomas Jefferson.
Comparison of the old and new party emblems of the Democratic Party
Although the two major parties (as well as other small parties) in the United States are accustomed toFlag of the United StatesThe traditional red, white and blue colors are their propaganda and representative colors. Since 2000, blue has become the representative color of the Democratic Party, while red has become the representative color of the Republican Party.Year 2000Election DayFor the first time in history, all major TV news channels have distinguished the votes of Democrats and Republicans in blue and red on the graph of election results. Since then, the distinction between blue and red has also beenmainstream mediaIt is widely used.Blue was also adopted by Democratic supporters and the Democratic Party itself in 2006Midterm electionsLi also named the election plan "Red to Blue Plan".
In the United States, "Democratic" and "Democratic" have also become the pronouns of the Democratic Party and its candidates.Since the 1920s, some Republicans have deliberately emphasized the full name "Democratic Party" to satirize the fact that the Democratic Party is "undemocratic". Therefore, many Democrats tend to avoid this full name.In addition, the Democratic Party of the United States has launched a new party emblem before the mid-term elections on November 2, 2010, replacing the donkey party emblem that has been used for more than 100 years (see the bottom left).The new party emblem (see the top left) is a simple capitalEnglish letter"D" represents the Democratic Party, with a circle on the outside. The color is still blue, which has been used for many years. The words "Democrats" are written in blue below, and the slogan "Change That Matters" is written in red.
Major factions
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New Democratic Party
althoughcentristDemocrats have different positions on various issues, and they usually support mixed political views and positions.Compared with other democratic parties, they usually support the use ofmilitary force, including the war in Iraq, and more willing to cutWelfare system, support benefitsInstitutional reformAnd tax reductions.The centrists maintain that their position is consistent with that of most Americans.Because they are more willing to support Republican policies and accept financial assistance from commercial companies,ProgressivismTwenty five percent of Democrats called these new Democrats "Republican Lite.".
Centrist Democratic Leadership Committee
One of the most influential factions of the Democratic Party is the Democratic Leadership Council (DLC)Non profit organizationThis organization supports the centrist position of the Democratic Party.Members of the organization usually call themselves "New Democrats".Since 1984Walter Mondale After the disastrous defeat in the presidential election against Ronald Reagan, some Democratic leaders set up the Democratic Leadership Committee to reform the Democratic Party's policies, hoping to win back the White House.They strongly supported the PresidentBill Clinton , think he reflectsThe third roadFeasibility and success.The DLC has no formal control over the Democratic National Committee.Many progressive Democrats believe that the DLC should take responsibility for the Democratic Party's failure in the 1994 and 2002 congressional elections.Howard Dean, the current chairman of the Democratic Party, is the first party chairman who has no formal connection with the DLC since 1992.However, many commentators believe that DLC is still a powerful faction, because they ensure that Democratic candidates and political opinions will not be divorced from the interests of the business community.
Democratic political figures with deep connections include former President Bill Clinton, ConnieDickState SenatorJoe Lieberman（Joseph Lieberman）、New YorkSenator Hillary Clinton, former Vice President Albert Gore (until 2000), formerVirginiaGovernorMark Warner （Mark Warner）。The current chairman of DLC isIowaGovernor Tom Wilsack.
Liberals (New Deal Liberalism)
Liberals (New Deal Liberalism) belong to the left within the Democratic Party.Although their influence gradually shrank after the rise of centrist forces such as Bill Clinton, they once dominated the Democratic Party for decades before that.And othersconservativeLiberal Democrats generally support Fair Trade and its non conservativeeconomic policyThey are also known for supporting civil liberties.Liberal Democrats also often overlap with progressive Democrats.
The prominent liberal Democrats include Ted Kennedy, a Massachusetts senator, and Lance Pelosi, the current leader of the Democratic House of Representatives.
Progressivism
Many progressive Democrats are from the 1960sAnti Vietnam War MovementThe emerging new leftists, such as George McGovern, who was running for president at that time;Others include the current chairman of the Democratic PartyVermontGovernor Howard Dean and othersThe Green PartyA discontented person.Progressive Democratic candidates in the bigMetropolitan area（Southern United States(other than) extremely highSupportAt the same time, it is also widely supported by African Americans.The common propositions of the Progressive Democrats include opposing the Iraq war, the economy andSocial conservatismOppose the influence of commercial companies and consortia on the government, support the health insurance system for the whole people, launch large-scale government public construction, and move the Democratic Party towards a firmer opposition position.Compared with other democratic parties, progressive Democrats are the most hostile to the Republican Party and advocate social and economic equality.
The Progressive Caucus (CPC) is a group of progressive DemocratsUnited States CongressOrganization of.It is the largest faction of the Democratic Party in the House of Representatives, although it has no members of the Senate.CPC supports the national health insurance systemfair tradeAgreement, minimum living income bill, all labor unions and strikesCollective bargainingTo revoke many provisions of the U.S. Patriotic Law, establish a "Department of Peace" in the federal government, legalize same-sex marriage, implement a strict election fundraising reform bill, withdraw troops from Iraq completely, combat corporate crime andCorporate interestsIncrease the income tax rate for those who think they are "rich", reduce the tax rate for those who think they are "poor", and increase the spending and scale of the federal government's welfare system.
Democratic for America (DFA) also supports progressive candidatespolitical organization It was founded by Howard Dean, the current chairman of the Democratic Party, when he participated in the presidential nomination campaign before;The chairman of DFA is James H. Dean, the younger brother of Howard Dean.DFA ObjectionAmerican politicsThe extreme right wing of the Communist Party of China, and claimed to reform the Democratic Party "from the bottom".Progressive Democrats of America is another faction that holds progressive ideas in the Democratic PartyOhioa member of the House of RepresentativesDennis Kucinich （Dennis Kucinich）Founded in 2004 when it was seeking the presidential nomination, this organization is considered to be one of the most progressive, but its overall influence on the Democratic Party is not great.
Labour Union
Since the 1930s, trade unions have become one of the most important coalitions of the Democratic Party.Trade unions provided a large amount of money, grass-roots political organizations, and workers who voted for the Democratic Party.American trade unionsprivate economyThe number of some members has dropped from 35% to 8% in the past 50 years, but it still has some influence in some industrial states.Trade unions that are still important in the 21st century includeGovernment employeesOur trade unions include teachers, police, nurses, and prison guards, as well as some service workers, such as hotels and security services.
These traditional industrial unions usually supportTrade protectionism, collective bargaining, andhealth insuranceSystem.Trade union relatedgive prominence to politicsIncluding the Ohio senatorByron Dorgan （Byron Dorgan）、South DakotaRepresentative Sherrod·BrownSherrod Brown, the current party chairman Howard Dean is also involved in the trade union.Most members of this faction are also closely linked to the Progressive faction.
conservative
The Democratic Party also has some conservative elements, mostly from southern states and border areas.Since the 1980s, as the Republican Party gradually regained its support in the southern region, the number of these people in the Democratic Party began to decline sharply.In the House of Representatives, they formed a group called“Blue DogThe organization "Blue Dog Democrats", which combines fiscal and social conservatism, is mostly from the southern region, and they are usually easier to compromise with the Republican Party than other Democrats.They formed a united voting coalition in the past, and had the strength of more than 40 representatives, which enabled them to control the legislative results.2006 US midterm electionsIt also added several new members for the Blue Dog Democrats [15].The prominent conservative Democratic senators includeNebraskaBen NelsonLouisianaMary LandrieuColoradoOfKen Salazar (Ken Salazar) et al.
Anti abortion Democratic groups and candidates are on the increase.Some of these candidates come from the public opinion of their local states.Although some of these anti abortion Democrats are more conservative than other Democrats on the whole, most of them still belong to the mainstream centrist position on other issues.The largest anti abortion group of the Democratic Party is Democracy for Life.
Libertarianism
Civil libertarians also often support the Democratic Party, because they believe that the Democratic Party's position on some issues, such as civil rights and the separation of church and state, is more ideal than the Republican Party's, or it may be because they believe that the Democratic Party is more in line with their ideas on economic issues than the Liberal Party.They oppose gun controldrug control, trade protectionism, consortium subsidies, government borrowing, and foreign policy interventionism.Democratic Freedom Caucus is the organization representing this faction.
The Democratic Party supports the minimum wage system and increases business control to help the poor working class.Party leaders such as Nancy Pelosi claimed that increasing the minimum wage was one of the most important agenda of the Democratic Party in the 110th Congress.Many initiatives to increase the minimum wage in local states were also supported by the Democratic Party, and all six state initiatives were passed.
The Democratic Party opposes the government's tax cuts on the oil industry and advocates the development of a domestic regenerationenergy policy。Many Democratic governors also focus on this issue, such asMontanaThe governor then supported the wind farm and the "pollution-free coal fuel" plan.
The Democratic Party advocates an "affordable and high-quality health care system", and many Democrats demand more efforts in this fieldgovernment intervention。Many Democrats support a national health care system to solve the high cost of modern health careCost risk。In 1951, the PresidentHarry S. Truman A national health insurance system was proposed, but it ended in nothing.Some Democrats, like senatorsTed Kennedy Ted Kennedy called for the establishment of a "caringmedical insurance。”
environmental protection
Democrats usually supportEnvironmentalism, and claimnatural resourcesAnd strict environmental protection laws to fight against pollution.The Democratic Party supports the preservation of endangered biological and environmental areas, and advocates land management andPollution sourceControl of.The most controversial issue supported by the Democratic Party isGlobal warmingEspecially before the Democratic Partyvice presidentAlbert Gore , strongly advocatinggreenhouse gasesStrict control.On the other hand, Republicans doubt the truth of the global warming theory and worry about the impact of these regulations on the industry.
Most Democrats have long supported a government supportedSchool education system(AsWestern EuropeMost countries), and should be open to all American students of the right age, or at least increase the state subsidies for students, such as scholarships or tuition deductions [10] [11].
Social issues
discrimination
The Democratic Party advocates that all Americans should have equal opportunities, regardless of their gender, age, racesexual orientation, religion, occupation or national origin.Therefore, most Democrats support the implementation of affirmative action policy to encourage the employment of minority and vulnerable groups, so as to improve equality in employment, but the Democrats oppose the adoption of strict employmentquota system 。The Democratic Party also supports the establishment of a bill prohibiting employers from refusing to hire certain people on the grounds of physical or mental disability.
Democrats are divided on the issue of same-sex marriage.Some Democrats supportSame-sex partnerBetweenCivil unionSome people prefer legal marriage, while others oppose same-sex marriage for religious reasons.But almost everyone agrees that discrimination based on gender orientation is wrong.Democratic National CommitteeChairman ofHoward Dean In some supporthomosexualityUnder the proposal of 30% of Democrats, it is informally stipulated that at least 5-10% of the Democrats must be homosexuals in the 2008 Congress.
The Democratic Party believes that all women should achieveFertility controlAnd support the government to prepare contraceptives for poor women.In the political opinions of 2000 and 2004, the Democratic Party advocated that abortion should be made "safe, legal and rare" - that is, to avoid government interference in the choice of abortion so as to legalize abortion, reduce the number of abortions through awareness of production and contraception, and encourage the adoption of children.
The Democratic Party also opposes revoking the decision of Roe v. Wade, which approved the right of abortion in 1973.be based onrights of privacyandGender equalityMany Democrats believe that women should have the right to choose whether to reproduce or not without government intervention.They claim that every woman has the right to judge whether abortion is moral according to her conscience.Many Democrats believe that the government should prepare funds and channels for abortion for poor women.
However, there are also anti abortion groups in the Democratic Party, such as Democrats for Life, and a considerable number of Democrats also hold this issueneutralizing attitude 。Some people believe that abortion should be reduced and at least made legal.senatorHillary ClintonAt the beginning of 2005, she said that she believed that those who opposed abortion should find a controversial "common ground" to avoid unnecessary pregnancy and abortion.
Stem cell research
Almost all Democrats support stem cell research,John Kelly It also supports the establishment of "the strictest ethical standards" byfederal governmentFinancing leads stem cell research."We will not miss any opportunity that can save lives and reduce human suffering," he explained
Mask
May 11, 2022, USApew research center (Pew Research Center) released a new survey, which shows that 57% of American adults believe that flying andPublic transportationShould be required to wear a mask, howeverAmerican partiesHowever, there are great differences. The Democratic Party and other parties supporting the Democratic Party agree, while the Republican Party opposes wearing masks.[10]
Diplomatic issues
Invasion of Afghanistan
In 2001,senateandHouse of RepresentativesDemocrats voted almost unanimously to authorizeAfghanistanTo fight against those "responsible for the recent terrorist attacks on the United States"（NATO）Dominate this aggression.
In 2002, Democratic senators decided whether to authorize the invasionIraqWhile most House Democrats chose to voteNegative vote。Since then, many Democrats have expressed their regret for supporting the authorized invasion. For example, Senator John Edwards called the invasion a mistake.exceptpeople's representativeIn addition, there are many prominent critics of the Iraq war in the Democratic Party.
Unilateral policy
Democrats usually opposeUnilateralismWe believe that even when the United States is threatened by national defense and security, it should not launch a war without the support of other countries.They believe that the United States should take action only when it has a solid alliance and broad international support on the diplomatic stage, as John Kelly did in the 2004 presidential electionforeign policyHe also condemned the unilateral policy as the cause of the failure of the United States in Iraq.
Generally speaking, the modern Democratic Party tends to be more liberal andNeoliberalism, andNon realism, althoughRealismTheory also has some influence on the Democratic Party.
Legal issues
Extort confessions
The Democratic Party opposes the US military interrogating the arrested prisoners by extorting confessions, and opposes the classification of military prisoners as "illegalCombatant”(Unlawfully comfortable), think they should also enjoyGeneva Convention Rights granted.The Democratic Party believes that extorting confessions is against humanity and will reduce America's international moralityJustificationAnd will also have other adverse effects.
American Patriotic Act
Except fromWisconsinAll Democratic senators voted for the originalU.S.AUSA PATRIOT Act.But public opinion began to care about the "invasion of privacy" andCivil libertiesThe Democratic Party disagreed on whether to extend the bill in 2006.Most Democratic senators still chose to continue the bill, but most Democratic representatives voted against it.
rights of privacy
Democrats advocate that individuals should have the right to privacy, and usually support those who limit the surveillance of U.S. law enforcement and intelligence agenciesUS citizenAct.Some Democrats support itConsumer Protection Law, limiting the consumer personal data that commercial companies can obtain.
Most Democrats believe that the government should not regulate the agreed non-commerciala sexual behavior(between adults), thinking that it isprivacyTransaction for.
Crime and firearms control
Democrats often focus onCrime preventionOn the issue of prevention of crime, he believes that crime prevention can save taxpayers' taxes and reduce unnecessary costs such as prison, police and medical expenses.They advocate improving community security and increasing more police patrols to achieve this goal.In the policies proposed by the Democratic Party in 2000 and 2004, it was pointed out that the fight against gangs and drug trafficking was a method of crime prevention.The Democratic Party's policy also proposes to avoidFamily ViolenceIt advocates strict punishment and protection of criminalsvictim。
In order to reduce crime and murder, the Democratic Party proposed various controls on firearms, especially the 1968 Firearms Control Act, the 1993 Brady Bill Act, and the 1994Crime controlAct.However, many Democrats, especially those from rural areas, the South and the West, opposed the control of firearms and believed that the failure of the Democratic Party in 2000 was due to the loss of support from rural areas on this issue [14].Therefore, in the 2004 election, the only political opinion put forward by the Democratic Party to support gun control by name was to request the extension of the 1994 assault weapons ban.
Successive presidential elections
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Previous US Presidential Elections (Democratic Party)
[4] Republican PresidentAbraham LincolnAfter being assassinated on April 15, 1865Andrew JohnsonHe succeeded the President of the United States on the same day.
