Outline design is a design process based on user interaction anduser demand To form an interactive framework and a visual framework, and the results often reflect the layout of interactive controlsinterface elementIt is presented in the form of group and overall board type page frame diagram of the interface.This is aUser researchBuild a bridge between and design, so that user research and design can be seamlessly combined, transforming user goals and needs into concreteInterface designAn important phase of the solution.[1]
The main task of the outline design is torequirement analysisSystem expansion obtainedUse Case DiagramConvert tosoftware structure anddata structure。The specific task of designing the software structure is:complex system Divide modules according to functions and establish modulehierarchical structureAnd call relationship, determine the interface between modules andinterfaceEtc.dataStructural designIt includes the description of data characteristics, the determination of data structure characteristics, and the design of database.Obviously, the preliminary design establishes the target systemlogical model, not related to the computer.
Chinese name
Outline design
Establishment
Logical model of the target system
Methods
Modularization method, function decomposition method
b. List the task proposer, developer, user of the project and the computing station (center) that will run the software.
definition
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List the definitions of special terms used in this document and the original phrases of foreign acronyms.
reference material
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List relevant reference documents, such as:
a. ApprovedPlan AssignmentOr contract, approval of superior authority;
b. Other published documents belonging to the project;
c. Documents and data quoted everywhere in this document, including those usedsoftware developmentStandards.List the title, document number, publication date and publishing unit of these documents, and indicate the source of these documents.
overall design
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Requirements
Explain the main input and output items of the system and the functional performance requirements of processing.
Operating environment
Briefly describe the operating environment of the system (includinghardware environment And supporting environment).
Concept and processing flow
Explain the basic design concept and processing flow of the system, and try to use the form of chart.
Explain the problems that have not been solved in the preliminary design process but that the designer thinks must be solved before the system is completed.
interface design
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User interface
Explain the commands to be provided to the user and their syntax structure, as well as the answer information of the software.
External interface
Explain the arrangement of all interfaces between the system and the outside world, including interfaces between software and hardwareSupport softwareInterface relationship between.
Internal interface
Describe eachSystem ElementsArrangement of interfaces between.
Operational design
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Operation module combination
Describe various operation module combinations caused by applying different external operation controls to the system, and describe the internal modules andSupport software。
Operation control
Explain the methods and operation steps of each external operation control.
Run Time
Explain the time that each combination of running modules will take up various resources.
data structure
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Key points of design
Give eachdata structureName ofidentifier And every one of themdata item, recordsDocumentThe identification, definition, length of and system, and the hierarchical or tabular relationship between them.
Key points of physical structure
Give each of the data structures used in this systemdata itemStorage requirements, access methods, access units, access physical relationships (indexes, devicesStorage area), design considerations and confidentiality conditions.
Relationship with procedure
Describe each data structure and the form of accessing these data structures:
Describe possible workarounds after the failure, including:
a. Backup technology describes the backup technology to be used, the technology to establish and start the replica in case of loss of the original system data, such as periodically turning the diskInformation recordTape is a backup technology for disk media;
b. Efficiency reduction technology describes the backup technology to be adopted, and uses another system or method with lower efficiency to obtain some parts of the required results, such as aAutomatic systemThe efficiency reduction technology of can beManual operationAnd manual recording of data;
c. Recovery and restart technology Description of the recovery and restart technology to be used to make the software fromFailure pointThe method of resuming execution or making software run again from the beginning.
System maintenance design
Explain the arrangements made in the internal design of the program for the convenience of system maintenance, including the inspection points and special modules specially arranged for the inspection and maintenance of the system in the program.The corresponding relationship between each program can be as followsMatrixThe form of;
Graphic Tools
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(1) Hierarchy diagram.Hierarchical diagrams are used to describe thehierarchical structure。A rectangular box represents a module, and the lines between the boxes represent the calling relationship.As shown in the figure, the top box represents the main control module of the text processing system, which calls the lower module to complete all functions of text processing.Each module in the second layer completes one of the main functions of text processing.
Outline design
(2)HIPO Diagram。HIPO diagram isIBMThe "hierarchy diagram plus input/processing/output diagram" invented by the company.Hierarchical charts with numbers are called H-charts.On the basis of the hierarchy diagram, each box is numbered except the top box.Each box in the hierarchy diagram has a corresponding IPO diagram (representing theProcessing)。The number added to each IPO diagram shall be consistent with the number of the (corresponding) hierarchy diagram.IPO diagram is the abbreviation of input/processing/output diagram.
(3)Structure diagram。The structure diagram is the implementation software proposed by YordonStructural designThe structure diagram is similar to the hierarchy diagram. A box represents a module, and the name or main functions of the module are indicated in the box.The line (arrow) between the boxes indicates the calling relationship of the module.Annotated arrows are used to indicate the information passed back and forth during module invocation. The tail is empty, indicating that data is passed, and the solid indicates that control is passed.