synonymrecording room(Studio) generally refers to the recording studio (dedicated recording place)
The studio is also called the studio, which is used by people to create specific recordingsEnvironmental acousticsThe special recording place built according to the conditions is the recording place for recording films, songs, music, etc. The acoustic characteristics of the recording room play a very important role in recording production and the quality of its products.People can classify them according to their needs. For example, they can be classified as natural according to the basic characteristics of sound fieldreverberationThe recording studio, strong sound absorption (short reverberation) recording studio and active end quiet end (LEDE) recording studio can also be divided into dialogue recording studio, music recording studio, sound recording studio, mixed recording studio, etc. from the perspective of use.
Condenser microphoneThe studio uses professional condenser microphone, which is very sensitive and needs 48V power supply.The singer needs to keep a certain distance from the microphone.One microphone can actually meet the general recording needs. If your studio is large and you have the opportunity to record choruses and musical instruments, you should consider buying more than one microphone.
Microphone amplifierIn fact, microphone amplifiers have a lot to do with the sound quality recorded in the studio.But a good amplifier is expensive, and many investors are discouraged. In fact, if your capital allows, you'd better buy one. Although you don't buy one, you can also use the gain on the mixer to achievesignal amplificationHowever, with or without professional microphone amplifiers, the sound quality is far from the same.
Boss VE Vocal effectors are mainly used to add effects to your recorded songs.Although effects can also be added in software, the sound quality calculated by software is far less warm and broad than that calculated by hardware.
headset
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Schematic Diagram of Studio Work
Earphones include professionals for sound recordersMonitor headphonesAnd headphones for singers.All right, it is used by the sound engineer for mixing, and the ordinary one is used by the singer for recording.Because when recording a band or singing a chorus, every musician or singer needs to wear a pair of headphones
Headphone distributorAlthough the headphone distributor will not affect the sound quality of recording in the studio, it is indispensable.Because all earphones of recording artists must be connected to the headphone distributor, otherwise there is no way for the earphones to make sound.One headphone distributor can connect 4-12 headphones.
Microphone blowout preventerThe microphone blowout preventer is designed to prevent the singer's breath from being sprayed onto the condenser microphone to produce a "popping" sound.
Microphone holderA shelf that supports the microphone for stability
Intercom microphone
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Intercom microphoneThe intercom microphone is placed in the control room for the communication between the recorder and the singer.
VODThis is a must for entertainment recording studios, and is used by singers to order songs.The monitor is placed in the recording room so that the singer can read the subtitles.
Necessary wire materialProfessional audio cable.
Video SynchronizerIt is mainly used for recording production in professional recording studio in the later stage of film and television.Ordinary recording studios are not available.
Recording softwareSeveral necessary effector plug-ins (it is better to select hardware effector to connect with software to obtain the best effect)Multi track recordingSoftwarePro Tools, Sampling, Nuendo/Case, etc.
The main points of the studioscope of business: recording songs (divided into public oriented and professional singer oriented)Music production, dubbing, soundtrack, audio editing, singer packaging
Studio decoration
Ordinary houses cannot be used as recording studios because they adopt scientific acoustic architectural techniques.
The glass is soundproofVacuum glassIncluding doors and windows.For example, the door should be sealed with cowhide tendons.
The floor should be made to be suspended. First lay a layer of keel, then lay the floor, and finally lay the carpet.
1. StudioSoundproof doorThe window standard adopts the National Standards of the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television GYJ26-86;
2. StudioNoise control standardThe National Standards of the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television GYJ42-89 "Allowable Noise Standard for Technical Buildings of Radio and Television Center" shall be adopted;
3. Studio reverberationTime standardThe standard GYJ26-86 "Reverberation Time and Frequency Characteristics of Recording Room" recommended by the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China shall be adopted;
4. The fire protection standard of the recording studio adopts the National Standard of the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television GYJ33-88 "Fire Protection Standard for the Design of Radio and Television Engineering Buildings";
5. Air conditioningLighting standardsThe Standard GYJ43-90 of the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China "Environmental Requirements (Temperature, Humidity, Illumination) for Technical Rooms of Radio and Television Centers" shall be adopted;
6. StudioElectrical installationThe standard is Code for Construction and Acceptance of Electrical Equipment Installation Engineering (GBJ232-82);
7. The recording studio adopts the Construction and Specification for Generic Cabling Works of Buildings and ComplexGB50312-2000；
The recording studio should be shortreverberationThe appropriate reverberation time shall be selected according to the indoor volume, and the frequency characteristics of the reverberation time shall be straight.
The noise of the studio comes from many aspects.The existing noise from outside the recording studio can be mainly divided into two categories. The first category comes from outside the recording studio buildings, such as those generated by passing vehicles, aircraft, etctraffic noise ；Another kind of noise comes from inside the building but outside the recording studio, such as loud conversation and noise during commuting;There are also some from the recording studioInternal noiseMainly fromair conditioning systemWhen the light control system and the recording studio are working, the moving noise of the camera and the walking noise of the staff, etc.
Noise propagation:
There are three main ways for noise to be transmitted into the recording studio. One is that the noise acts on the wall, floorceilingAnd produce vibrationAcoustic energyRadiate into the recording studio;Second, the sound is transmitted into the recording studio through the air through the gaps left during construction, unsealed holes, etc;The third is to enter the studio through solid sound transmission through the wall, top, or rigid connection between the ground and the outside.
Noise control:
The sound insulation of this studio is mainly caused by the surrounding walls, windows and doors.
The following methods are mainly used for sound insulation of the above problems:
Mainly due to differentSound insulationMulti material composite sound insulation wall (multi damping light sound insulation wall) and external window sealing can basically isolate the impact of external noise on the recording studio.
The entrance and exit doors should becompound materialNational standard soundproof door.
Through the above processing, the space of standard recording studio can be basically achievedbackground noise It meets the national standard requirements of the pickup space.
The reverberation time is when the sound grows steadily in the room,sound sourceWhen the sound is suddenly stopped, the sound in the room will decay from the steady state until it reaches one millionth of the original sound energy. This period is called "reverberation time", that issound fadeTime required for 60dB.In the design of the pickup space, the appropriate reverberation time can make the music rich and the language bright, full and infectious.Too short reverberation time makes the voice dry and weak, and too long reverberation time makes the voice messy and lacks sound qualityrhythmAnd intensity, therefore, in the space of different properties and requirements, it is necessary to select an "optimal" reverberation time.The processing method is mainly to effectively absorb the high, medium and low "impurity" frequencies in the sound, remove the dross and retain the essence.According to the characteristics of the studio space, as well as the good sensitivity of existing equipmentPlasticityhandle.
During design, fire-resistant and sound permeable fabric facing shall be adopted for absorption of high, medium and low frequency partsSound-absorbing structureThe perforated panel facing sound absorption structure with slot wood can effectively absorb the sound of different frequency bands.After the preliminary design is completed, the corresponding Sabin formula can be used to calculate the reverberation time, and then the SAIJIA acoustic simulation software developed by Saijia Acoustics can be used for auxiliary design, checking and adjustment.
4、 Description of material selection:
Acoustic design of recording studio,Materials usedMust meet the requirements of international or domestic industriesGreen and environmental protection, flame retardant materials.In view of the particularity of the recording studio as a TV technology room, in order to ensure the quality, especially the acoustic indicators, the selected materials must have good decorative and acoustic absorption characteristics.
3. The whole door frame and door seam are required to be sealed without gapsBlanket It shall be flat, with fewer barge interfaces, and the sound insulation of the door shall be more than 35dB.
4. The finish of the whole door shall be coordinated with the interior color, and the specific color shall beConstruction unitAndConstruction unitdetermine.
5. DooryHardware accessories(Loose leaf, handle and lock) shall be firm and reliable special products, and SC professional sound insulation lock shall be selected.
