Aliphatic hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbons with aliphatic properties

Collection

zero Useful+1

zero

synonym Open chain hydrocarbon (Open chain hydrocarbon) generally refers to aliphatic hydrocarbon

Aliphatic hydrocarbons refer to those with Aliphatic compounds Basic attribute hydrocarbon 。 Because this kind of organic compound It was first extracted from fat, so it is also called aliphatic hydrocarbon. Aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives (including Halohydrocarbon ）They are called aliphatic compounds. In aliphatic compounds, carbon atom With straight chain Branched chain Or ring arrangement, called linear chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon and Alicyclic hydrocarbon 。

Chinese name: Aliphatic hydrocarbon
Foreign name: aliphatic hydrocarbons
Discipline: Chemistry

Interpretation: Hydrocarbons with basic properties of aliphatic compounds
Features: contain carbon And hydrogen
Source: Oil, gas, coal, etc

catalog

seven classification method

definition

Announce

edit

Molecular structure diagram of n-heptane

have Aliphatic compounds Basic attribute hydrocarbon It's called fat hydrocarbon 。

Features

Announce

edit

The molecule contains only carbon and hydrogen, and the carbon atoms are connected with each other Chaining Or ring, carbon atom Intercross covalent bond A class of compounds that connect to form a chain or ring of carbon frames.^[1]

explain

Announce

edit

Aliphatic hydrocarbon is Carbon skeleton Chain like Hydrocarbons 。

purpose

Announce

edit

Aliphatic hydrocarbons are generally important components of oil and natural gas. C1~C5 low carbon aliphatic hydrocarbon is petrochemical industry Basic raw materials, especially ethylene and propylene And C4, C5 conjugated alkene It is widely used in petrochemical industry.^[1]

physical property

Announce

edit

Aliphatic physical property , such as boiling and melting points relative density With carbon in the molecule Atomic number The density is less than that of water, and the state at room temperature changes from Gaseous Gradually become liquid and solid. Generally, hydrocarbons with a carbon atom number of 1-4 are gaseous, 5-16 are liquid, and above 17 are solid. （ Neopentane Is gaseous).

chemical property

Announce

edit

main chemical property Is on the carbon atom hydrogen atom Be enlivened by others atom Substituted reaction, at high temperature Broken chain 、 dehydrogenation Generate lower carbon number alkane ， olefin Of Pyrolysis reaction 。 C6～C8 Straight chain alkane Can be dehydrogenated Cyclization Formation of benzene series aromatic hydrocarbon Reaction. Olefins Diene 、 Alkyne The chemical property of is active and can be used Mark up , replace oligomerization 、 copolymerization , polymerization, oxidation and other reactions, the most useful in industry is Addition reaction and polymerization 。^[1]

classification method

Announce

edit

According to the type of bond between carbon atoms—— Single bond 、 double bond 、 Triple bond , separable alkane or Paraffinic hydrocarbon 、 olefin 、 Alkyne 。 Containing double or triple bonds is called Unsaturated hydrocarbon 。 Carbon chain It is a straight chain called straight chain hydrocarbon Side chain It is called side chain hydrocarbon.^[1]

Novice on the road

Growth task Getting Started with Editing Edit Rule Edit by myself

I have questions

Content query Online Service Official post bar Feedback

Complaints and suggestions

Report bad information Failed to appeal through entries Complaint of infringement information Blocking query and unblocking

Jinggong Network Anbei No. 1100000200001