Process procedures are determined by words, charts and other carriers to guide product processing and workers' operationProcess documents。It isEnterprise planThe basic basis for organizing and controlling production is the guarantee of the enterpriseproduct quality, improvelabour productivityImportant guarantee of.In machinery manufacturing enterprises, there are three main forms of process procedures: (1)ProcessCard (orRoutingCards).It is prepared according to parts, specifying the process route, process name, equipment used andProcess equipmentIt is a general and comprehensive document guiding the processing of parts.(2)Process card。It is prepared according to the parts in different workshops (process stage), which specifies the processes that the parts will go through in a workshop (process stage), as well as the equipment, process equipment and processing specifications used in each process. It is the basis for each workshop to prepare for work and organize production.(3) Process card.It is prepared according to each process of parts, and specifies the operation methodtechnical requirementAnd precautions, and attached with processing sketches, are process documents used to guide workers to operate specifically.[1]
A part with the same requirements can be processed by several different processes, but there is always one process that is the most reasonable under given conditions. People fix the content of the process in the form of a document to guide production. This document is called "process specification".The process procedure is composed ofTechnical documentsThe main part ofMaterial quota. The main basis for the design and calculation of man hour quota is the production regulations that directly guide workers' operationProduct cost、labour productivityRaw material consumption is directly related.The quality of process procedure preparation.To guaranteeproduct qualityThe first one plays an important role together.
8. Special equipment characteristics and quality standards.
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Although the specific format of the process procedures used by enterprises is not uniform, their contents are largely the same.Generally speaking, the forms of process procedures can be divided into the following categories according to their content details:;
Process card
This is the simplest and most basic form of process procedure, which gives a rough description of the whole process of parts manufacturing.The card is prepared according to the parts, indicating the processing route of the parts, the equipment and main tooling used in each process, andMan hour quota。
Process card
It is generally prepared by workshop and parts according to the process stage of parts, includingProcessAll contents of the card only describe the processing steps of the parts in more detail.The blank propertyProcessing sequenceRequirements for equipment and process equipment required for each processCutting amount, inspection tools and methods, and man hour quota are specified, and sometimes a sketch of parts is required.
Operation card
This is the most detailed process procedure, which is prepared for the purpose of guiding workers to operate. It is generally in the order of parts divisionnumber。The card includes the process sketchClampingDetailed description of mode, cutting amount, inspection tools, process equipment and man hour quota.
The process procedure applied in actual production depends on the productProduction typeIt depends on the specific conditions of the processed parts.Generally, single piecesmall serial productionOnly the process flow card is prepared for general parts of, and the content is relatively simple. Some key parts can be preparedProcess card；mass productionCommon parts ofProcess cardFor key partsOperation Card；For most parts in mass production, complete and detailed process procedure documents are required, and process cards are often required for each process.
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Process procedure
In the workshopProduction processIt includes the main processes of directly changing the shape, size, location and nature of the workpiece, as well as the auxiliary processes of transportation, storage, knife grinding, equipment maintenance, etc.In the production process, the main process of gradually changing the shape, size, location and nature of the production object in a certain order to make it the expected product is called the process.The whole processing process through which parts pass in turn is calledRoutingOr process flow.Technicians determine and useProcess documentsPrescriptiveMachining processThe process is called machining process procedure.
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Process procedure
The machining process procedure is a process document that specifies the machining process and operation method of products or parts.Therefore, machining process regulations play an important role in machining, mainly including the following aspects:
Guide production
Machining workshopPlanning and scheduling of production, operation of workers, processing quality inspection of parts,Processing costThe accounting of is based on the process specification.Process procedures are often used as a common basis to deal with problems in production.Such as handlingquality accident The responsibilities of relevant units and personnel shall be determined according to the process procedures.
When the workshop wants to produce new parts, it is necessary to first formulate theMachining processProcedure, and then prepare for production according to the process procedure.For example, in the processing of new partsKey processAnalysis and research of;Prepare the required knives, clamps and measuring tools (outsourcing or self manufacturing);Purchase or manufacture of raw materials and blanks;The purchase of new equipment or the modification of old equipment must be carried out according to the process.
Technical documents of new plant (workshop)
When building (rebuilding or expanding) batch or mass machining workshops (sections), the type and quantity of machine tools required and the layout in the workshop shall be determined according to the process procedures, and then the workshop area, power and lifting equipment configuration, and the type of work of the workers required shall be determinedTechnical grade, quantity, etc.
In addition, the advanced process procedures also play a role in communication and promotionadvanced manufacturing technology Role of.Typical processThe procedure can shorten the process of factory exploration and trial production.Therefore, the formulation of process procedures plays a very important role in the production and development of the factory, and is the basic technical document of the factory.
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1. The designed process procedures must ensure the processing quality and assembly quality of machine parts, and meet the requirements of the design drawingstechnical requirement。
2. The process should have a highproduction efficiencySo that the product can be put on the market as soon as possible.
·5、manufacturerProduction conditions, including the specifications, performance and current technical status of machine tools and process equipment, the technical level of workers, the ability of the factory to manufacture process equipment, and the ability of the factory to supply power and gas.
·6. Used for process procedure design and process equipment designDesign ManualAnd relevant standards.
It emphasizes: product name, dosage form, prescriptionProduction processOperation requirements, materialsIntermediate productsQuality standards, technical parameters and storage precautions of finished products, calculation method of material balance, requirements for finished product containers and packaging materials, etc.
Post operation method
It emphasizes: production operation methods and requirements, review and recheck of key operationsProduct quality standardAnd control, safety andlabor protection，equipment maintenance , cleaning, exception handling and reporting, process hygiene and environmental hygiene.
Standard Operating Procedures
It emphasizes: title, number, preparer and preparation date, reviewer and review date, approver and approval date, issuing departmentdate of manufactureDistribution department, title and body.
