Zengshang Temple is located in JapanTokyo MetropolitanA Pure Land Sect temple in Zhiyuan Park, Gangqu District. The mountain number isSanyuan Mountain, official full name isTrilateral marginShan Guangdu Temple is added.[1]One of the seven main mountains of the Japanese Pure Land SectEdo Bakufu One of the spiritual temples of the Tokugawa family.[2]The predecessor of Zengshang Temple was the disciple of You Konghai, alsoEntered the Eight Schools of Tang DynastyZongrui, one of theMusashiThe shell mound ofChiyoda DistrictAnd Jiweijing Town, formerly known asGuangming Temple, ofZhenyan SectTemple of.In the 4th year of Mingde's reign (1393), Master Sheng Cong, the eighth ancestor of the Pure Land Sect, became the master of the Pure Land Sect, and the temple was renamed Zengshang Temple.[3]
Chinese name
Zengshang Temple
Foreign name
ぞうじょうじ
Location
No. 35, 7, 4 chome, shiga park, tokyo metropolitan area
founderShengcongVenerable Master became a monk in Chiba Temple when he was young. He was originally a monk of Zhenyan Sect.In 1385, in Beizhong Village, Fengdao County, the Musashi StateGuangming TempleDuring the period of Buddhism, he was enlightened by the sage of the seventh ancestor of the Pure Land Sect,Give upZhenyan SectIn December 1393, he inherited the orthodoxy of Pure Land Sect and became the eighth ancestor of Pure Land Sect.Later, the purpose of Guangming Temple was changed to Pure Land Sect, and the name of the temple was changed to Zengshang Temple.
TianzhengIn the 18th year (1590), Venerable Monk Cunying, the twelfth abbot, was accepted by the Edo Shogunate for the first timeThe Grand General of YizhengTokugawa Kakam's conversion, the construction and expansion of the Great Kalan, was designated asDechuan Jialing Templeone of.Also designated asEighteen sandalwood forests in GuandongThe first, Zengshang Temple is becoming more and more prosperous.
In the third year of Qingchang (1598)Edo CityThe temple site was moved to Zhi.Tokugawa Jiakang also donated three relief doorsthe collection of sutrasAnd the establishment of the main hall.At that time, the imperial court also sealed the book, which should be given the title of "Puguangguan Wise National Master" by the Venerable Master, and granted the permanent purple clothes (cassocks).
At that time, Zengshang Temple had the same sectarian status as that in KyotoZhien AcademyEqually, the territory of the temple is as high as more than 10000 stones. There are 48 monasteries in the temple, and more than 100 Xueliao, which was called "temple style" at that timeMillion stone”。
Enpou June 24, 1680, whenEdo Bakufu Fourth generation generalTokugawa JiagangWhen he died of illness and held a funeral in Zengshang Temple, Tadao Uto, who was performing the police duty, stabbed another man with a knife because he was dissatisfied with his pursuit of Nagai, which is known as "the knife wound incident of Zhizengshang Temple" (the knife wound incident of Zhizengshang Temple).
In 1867, the last general of the Edo shogunateTokugawa Yoshinobu Return the regimeMeiji EmperorJapan officially entered the Meiji era, and at the same timeMeiji Restoration。To emphasizeGod of Heavenly IlluminationThe emperor of future generations is the highest ruler of Japan, strongly advocating Shinto, and in order to further distinguish Shinto from Buddhism, a separation order between God and Buddha was issued.
This causedJapanese BuddhismRejected and destroyed, although the originalGod Buddha Separation OrderThe intention was not to reject Buddhism, but it triggeredAbolish Buddhism and destroy BuddhismThe Zengshang Temple was set on fire and destroyed by anti Buddhists in 1874 and 1909 due to its coexistence with gods and Buddhas. Therefore, the hall was burned twice.
Also becauseGod Buddha Separation OrderDue to the influence of, the territory of the temple has been greatly reduced, and the vacant part of about 200000 Ping Temple has become the Zhiyuan Park.The "An State Hall" in the temple, which was originally dedicated to the statue of the Tokugawa family, was renamed Zhi after breaking away from Zengshang Temple due to the separation order of gods and BuddhasDongzhao Palace。
In the 8th year of Meiji (1875), Zengshang Temple was listed as the Daben Mountain of Pure Land Sectito hirobumi When new believers joined, the revival and construction of Zengshang Temple began.Dazheng EraThe hall to be burned was rebuilt, and other destroyed halls were also started to be prepared and rebuilt.
However, in the 20th year of Showa (1945), due to the impact of the Pacific War, Zengshangsi area was hit by air strikes, and all the rehabilitation and reconstruction were destroyed in a flash.
The temporary hall was established in the 27th year of Showa (1952) after the war.It took about four years since the 46th year of Showa (1971) to rebuild the new hall at a cost of about 3.5 billion yen.In April of the first year of Heisei (1989)ShengcongVenerable Master 550 replied to the tabooKaishan HallRebuild asCiyun Pavilion。
Main facilities
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Hall of Zengshang Temple
audience hall
The old hall was destroyed several times, and was completed in Zhaohe 49 (1974).The main worshippers areAmitabhaTathagata was made in the Muromachi period. The two sides of the statue are dedicated to the Tang Dynasty eminent monk Shandao, who founded the Pure Land Sect, and the founder of the Japanese Pure Land SectMaster Faran。
JapanTokyo MetropolitanThe oldest building in the temple is also the largest gate in East Japan, which belongs to the middle gate of Zengshang Temple.Thanks to the assistance of TokugawaEdo Bakufu Chief Foreman ofNakai ZhengqingBuilt in the 8th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1622), this gate can be said to be the only surviving building of many buildings built by Zengshang Temple in the early Edo period, and one of the main buildings not destroyed during the war.
The three liberties in the name mean libertiesBuddhismSaidThree poisons"Greed, anger and ignorance".The second floor of the door is not open to the outside, and there are offerings insideThree BuddhasLike andSixteen Arhats Like.[4]
An Guodian
Inside the front is the Black Buddha, which is said to have been made by Yuan Xin, a monk in the peaceful era（AmitabhaTathagata), the opening ceremony is held publicly in January, May and September every year, which is called the "Prayer Meeting of the True Five Nine Black Ones".
General's Tomb in Dechuan
Originally worshipped General Tokugawa's family, the Edo shogunateTokugawa shogunate Lingmiao was designated as a national treasure before the Pacific War, but it was almost completely destroyed due to two air raids on March 10 of the 20th year of Showa (1945) and on May 25 of the same year.In the 33rd year of Showa (1958), the originalBurialThe body of was excavated and cremated here.
This place is not open to the public. The second generation of the Edo shogunate is mainly buried insideHideki Tokugawa, the sixth generationTokugawa Ienobu , the seventh generationTokugawa Kiji, the ninth generationTokugawa Ieshige , Twelve DynastiesTokugawa Ieyoshi And the 14th generationTokugawa Iemochi And other six generals of previous dynasties and some of their relatives.
Black Gate
It was originally the Abbot's Gate, which was painted with black paintTaoshanStyle building, composed of three generations of generalsIemitsu Tokugawa It was built during the reign of Qing'an (1684-1652). It was one of the main buildings that were not destroyed during the war.In the 55th year of Zhaohe (1980), it moved to the current position and became one of the side doors of Zengshang Temple.
the collection of sutras
The Sutra Pavilion, built with the help of Tokugawa Kakang, is one of the buildings that were not destroyed in the war.The center of the interior is an octagonal structure. Inside, there are various scriptures donated by Tokugawa Kakang in the Song, Yuan and Korean dynasties. Most of them are important cultural properties designated by the Japanese state.
Bell Tower Hall
The original Bell Tower Hall was built in the 10th year of Kuanyong (1633). It was rebuilt after the war.The Brahma Bell placed on the clock tower was cast in the first year of Yanbao (1673). Because it was too large, it was cast seven times in total. It is known as the largest bell in East JapanEdo Period One of the three famous clocks.
This gate is the front door (main gate) of Zengshang Temple. The old gate was originallyEdo CityOfBig hand doorBecause of the expansion of Edo City, Zengshang Temple was rebuilt in this area of Zhiba, donated by Tokugawa Kakang as the gate of Zengshang Temple.
But this old gate was built in 1923Great Kanto earthquake The old gate was also burned down due to air raids.The gate here was rebuilt with steel and cement in the 12th year of Zhaohe (1937). Because of this gate, the place name is also taken as the gate.
Dechuan Jialing Temple
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Dechuan Jialing Temple
Originally, there was a Taide Temple built in the temple leader to offer sacrificesHideki Tokugawa、Oeyo Sacrifice the wife of Tokugawa Xiuzhong (the mother of Tokugawa Kakuang) in the Holy Temple, and sacrifice in the Holy Temple of WenzhaoyuanTokugawa Ienobu 、 Sacrifice at Youzhang TempleTokugawa KijiOthers include TokugawaTokugawa Ieyoshi 、Tokugawa Iemochi The pagoda of.However, most of these buildings were burned down in the air raid in 1945. The remaining buildings are as follows, which have been designated as important cultural property.
The main gate (Sohr Gate) of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Temple of the Emperor of Tokyo was moved to the garden tower of the Royal Prince Hotel in Shiga Park, Tokyo Metropolitan District.The Chi'e Gate, T-Gate and Yucheng Gate of the Temple of Taide Temple were all moved to the Zhashan Budong Zun, 2213 times of the Shangshankou, Suoze City, Saiyu County.
The Ertian Gate of the Lingmiao of Zhangyuan and the main gate of the Lingmiao of Taide were moved to the Prince Hotel in Zhiyuan (Tokyo).
The entrance to the existing tomb of the Dechuan family in Zengshang Temple is the door of the original Lingmiao Olympic Academy of Wenzhao Academy,Oeyo Some of the remains of the temple were also moved toSickle barnOfJianchang Temple。The original relics of Wenzhao Temple and Youzhang Temple are the Prince Hotel in Tokyo, while the Taide Temple and Youzhang Temple are the garden towers of the Prince Hotel in Tokyo.
Current situation and impact
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Since its inception, Zengshang Temple has been one of the main strongholds of the Pure Land Sect in the eastern countries of Japan.Edo period Due to the relationship between General Tokugawa, Zengshang TempleJapanese BuddhismThe middle lift is light and heavy.More because the current dynasty designatedEighteen sandalwood forests in GuandongFirst of all, there were countless believers who had been educated. Zengshang Temple was a very important temple in the religious and political circles at that time.
But also becauseEdoAs a result of the attention paid by the generals, other religions are inevitably oppressedMeiji RestorationAt times, he was attacked by anti Buddhists.
althoughGod Buddha Separation OrderHowever, Zengshang Temple can still become one of the main Buddhist temples in Tokyo.stayTokyo MetropolitanThere are many buildings in the port area, but because of the protection of cultural products, Zengshang Temple can be regarded as one of the main green spaces in the port area.Recently, some people around the Zhiyuan Park proposed to build a super high-rise building of more than 114 meters, but many local residents objected because of environmental and cultural protection.
Because of the time zone, if high-rise buildings are built, they will inevitably bring sunshine shadow to Zengshang Temple. Therefore, nearby residents believe that the construction of high-rise buildings in this area will be incompatible with the local environment.Zengshang Temple, which has a history of hundreds of years, has more than 30 sub temples around its current location, many of which are cultural properties designated by the Japanese state, forming a unique historical culture in this region.
Culture
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National designated cultural property (designated date, type and name)
