synonymSaint Vincent(Saint Vincent) generally refers to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines（English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines), bySaint Vincent Islandas well asGrenadinesComposed of, is located in the eastCaribbeanLesser AntillesA volcanic island country in the south.The main island is about 29 kilometers long, the widest part is about 18 kilometers, and the national area is about 389 square kilometers, of which the area of Saint Vincent Island is about 344 square kilometers.As of October 2022, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines can be divided into six parishes, with the capital located inKingston。By 2022, the national population will be 104000.
In 1498, when Columbus sailed to America for the third time, he landed on the main island on January 22, Saint Vincent's Day, hence the name Saint Vincent.In January 1958, the United Kingdom incorporated Saint Vincent and the Grenadines into the West Indian Federation until its dissolution in May 1962.In October 1969, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines achieved the status of "internal autonomy" and became an associated state of Britain.After negotiations with the British government in September 1978, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gained independence on October 27, 1979.[1]
Agriculture and tourism are the pillars of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' national economy.In 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic will have a serious impact on Saint Economy.The tourism industry of Saint Louis has been hit hard, and the government is facing serious financial difficulties.Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 2022gross domestic product948 million dollars,GDP per capita$8546.[6]
The first inhabitants of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines were CaribbeanIndian。
In 1498,ColumbusThe third voyage to America landed on the main island on January 22, Saint Vincent's Day, hence the name Saint Vincent.More than a century later,CaribbeanStill working on Saint Vincent Island.
In 1627,King of EnglandGrant Saint Vincent to the Earl of Carlisle.Since then, the British and French colonists have repeatedly contested Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.In 1783, according toTreaty of VersaillesDegenerate intoBritish colonies。But the Caribbean did not succumb.
In 1795, a large-scale uprising broke out. They burned the manor, attacked the barracks, executed colonial officials, and determined to recover the lost land.In 1796, the uprising was brutally suppressed by the British army.Most Caribbean people (about 5000) have been exiled to the Gulf of Honduras in Central AmericaRoatan Island。
The Royal Family of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
In order to develop sugarcane plantations, the colonial authorities in the 18th century brought in a large number of people from AfricaBlack slaves。In 1838, slavery was abolished.Plantation economyIt was hit unprecedentedly.Since 1846, the colonists have come from PortugalMadeira IslandsandIndiaA large number of laborers were brought in.In the second half of the 19th century,Sugar industryProduction has rebounded.At the beginning of the 20th century, banana planting began to develop;In the late 1950s, bananas became the main agricultural products and export commodities.
In January 1958, Britain incorporated Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesWest Indian Federation。Until the dissolution of the Federation in May 1962.
In October 1969, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines achieved the status of "internal autonomy" and became an associated state of BritainCommonwealthMember States.The Queen of England appoints the Governor to act as administrator.Since he came to power in 1974, Kato, the leader of Saint Vincent's Secret Service Party, has made several demands for independence.
After negotiations with the British government in September 1978, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gained independence on October 27, 1979.[1]
On June 7, 2019, the United Nations General Assembly elected Estonia, Niger, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Tunisia and Vietnam as non permanent members of the Security Council in 2020 and 2021.[4]
geographical environment
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Regional location
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines location
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines consists of the main island Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is a volcanic island country, located in the East Caribbean SeaWindward IslandsIn, inBarbadosAbout 160 kilometers to the west.NorthingSaint LuciaAbout 40 km.The main island is about 29 kilometers long, the widest part is about 18 kilometers, and the national area is about 389 square kilometers, of which the area of Saint Vincent Island is about 344 square kilometers.[2]
topographic features
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines runs through the mountains all over the country. There are many volcanoes in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The highest peak isSufriel Volcano, about 1234m above sea level.[2]
Climatic characteristics
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesTropical monsoon climate。The annual average temperature is 23~31 ℃, and the annual precipitation is about 2500 mm.There are many islands in the north of the island countryhurricane。[2]
natural resources
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Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is very small, so natural resources are extremely scarce, with only a small amount of geothermal resources and forest resources.According to the inventory in 2016, the total area of natural forests in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is about 13000 square meters.
administrative division
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Zoning
Location of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
As of October 2022, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines can be divided into six parishes: Charlotte ParishGrenadine District(Grenadines Parish), Saint Andrew Parish, Saint David Parish, Saint George Parish, Saint Patrick Parish.[2][6]
capital
Kingston（Kingstown）。[8]It is the national capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the political, cultural and economic center with a population of about 24500.[3][6]
National symbol
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Country name
St. Vincent and the Grenadines.[2]
national flag
Flag of Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesLaunched on October 21, 1985, the national flag is rectangular, with a length to width ratio of 3:2.The flag is composed of three vertical rectangles, blue, yellow and green, from left to right. The yellow rectangle has three green diamond patterns.Blue represents the ocean, green represents the earth, and yellow represents the sun.[2]
national emblem
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines National Emblem
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines National EmblemLaunched in 1979, the National Emblem is composed of four colors of the national flag, with "Peace and Justice" written on the ribbon at the base.On the green land, a woman in blue stood in front of the altar with an olive branch, symbolizing peace;Another woman in blue knelt down in front of the yellow altar to pray, symbolizing justice.This pattern shows that the island country believes in Christianity and Catholicism, and life lives in longing.Above the national emblem is a bunch of cotton branches bearing pure cotton peaches, which is the main crop of the country.[2]
Population and nationality
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By 2022, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has a population of 104000, a life expectancy of 76.2 years, and a population growth rate of 0.34%.Among them, 66% are black and 19% are mixed race.English is the common language.Most residents believeProtestant ChristianityandCatholicism。[6]
Politics
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regime
Since the independence of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the New Democratic Party and the United Labour Party have been in power alternately.The political situation is generally stable.In December 2015, the leader of the United Labour PartyRalph Gonsalves(Ralph GONSALVES) led the United Labour Party to win the general election and served as Prime Minister for the fourth time in a row.[2]
constitution
The current Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines came into force on October 27, 1979, when it became independent.[6]
parliament
The Parliament of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a unicameral system with a five-year term.There are 21 members of Parliament.Fifteen members of the House of Representatives are elected by universal suffrage, and six senators are appointed by the Governor on the nomination of the Prime Minister and the leader of the opposition party, with a term of office of five years.Current SpeakerRochelle Ford(Rochelle FORDE), took office in November 2020.[6]
government
The current government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines was formed in November 2020.Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister and Minister of National Security, Law and Information, and Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Transport, Engineering, Land and PlanningDaniel, Montgomery(Montgomery DANIEL), Frederick STEPHENSON, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Camillo Gonsalves, Minister of Finance, Economic Planning and Information Technology, Saboto CAESAR, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, Rural Transport, Industry and Labor, etc.[10]
judicial
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is subject to the jurisdiction of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, and the power of final adjudication belongs to the British Privy Council.[6]
party
（1）United Labour Party(United Labour Party): the ruling party.In September 1994, it was formed by the merger of the Saint Vincent Secret Service Party and the National Unity Movement Party.He came to power in 2001.Party leaderRalph Gonsalves。
（2）New Democratic Party(New Democratic Party): Opposition party.It was founded by James Mitchell in December 1975.He was in power from 1985 to 2001.leaderGodwin Freddie（Godwin FRIDAY）。[2]
Dignitaries
The Head of State of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is the King of EnglandKing Charles III , the king appointed the governor to act on his behalfHead of Stateduty.[7]
governorSusan Dorgan。He took office in August 2019.
prime ministerRalph Gonsalves。Born on August 8, 1946, he led the United Labour Party to win the general election in March 2001 and became Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines for the first time.He was re elected in December 2005 and again on December 13, 2010.[2]
Economics
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survey
Agriculture and tourism are the pillars of the national economy.In 2023, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines will recover strongly from the impact of the volcanic eruption and the COVID-19 epidemic. The main economic data in 2023 are as follows:
GDP: 1.04 billion US dollars.
GDP per capita: 9380 US dollars.
GDP growth rate: 6.2%.
Currency name: Eastern Caribbean Dollar.
Exchange rate: 1 USD ≈ 2.70 EC dollars.
Inflation rate: 4.6%.
(Source: International Monetary Fund)[10]
Industry
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has a small amount of agricultural products, clothing, leather, oil extraction and soap processing.Small manufacturing industry develops slowly, mainly producing cement, flour and furniture.[10]
Agriculture
The arable land of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines accounts for about 18% of the total land area.It mainly grows bananas, kudzu root, sweet potatoes, sugar cane and coconut, and is the main production place of kudzu powder.[10]
tourism
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines tourist area is mainly concentrated in the Grenadines Islands with high-quality beaches.[6]
Finance
In 2016, the fiscal revenue of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines government was EC $523 million and the expenditure was EC $576 million.[3]
foreign trade
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines mainly imports food and machinery, and exports bananas, vegetables and kudzu powder.The main trading partners are the United Kingdom, Trinidad and Tobago, the United States and China.[10]
Foreign aid
In 2016, it received about 48 million dollars of assistance, including 8 million dollars of Kuwaiti loans for the construction of tourism facilities.In 2016,european unionIt provided about 35 million dollars of assistance.[1]
Culture
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language
The official language of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is English, which is also the common language.[1]
Religion
Most residents believe in Christianity and Catholicism.Among them, British Anglicans accounted for 47%, Methodists for 28%, Roman Catholics for 13%, and others for 12%.[2]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has no regular army, and the national defense is headquartered inBarbadosIs responsible for the regional security system.[6]
traffic
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highway
The national highway is about 829 kilometers long, including 580 kilometers of asphalt roads and 249 kilometers of non asphalt roads.[2]
water transport
Kingston, the capital, has a deep-water port.[2]
air transport
There are 6 airports in total.ET JOSHUA International Airport in Kingston, the capital, has passenger and cargo flights to countries in the Caribbean Community and European and American countries.[2]
Sociology
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education
Primary education is compulsory in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.The adult literacy rate is 96 per cent.Education expenditure accounts for about 7% of GNP.[6]
media
Press and Publication:Major newspapers include Saint Vincent's Weekly, Star, Voice of Saint Vincent, Justice, Official Gazette and New Age.
Radio broadcast:There are 9 FM radio stations, includingRadio Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesIt is the only state-run radio station.There are 1 TV broadcasting station and 1 cable TV operator respectively.[2]
medical care
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has relatively poor medical conditions.There are 5 hospitals, 27 health centers, 74 clinics and 180 ambulance stations in China.According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines in 2016 accounted forgross domestic product3.8%, calculated according to purchasing power parity, the per capita medical and health expenditure is 172 dollars.From 2012 to 2016, there were 2 doctors, 17 nurses and midwives, 1 dentist and 1 pharmacist per 10000 people on average, and 18 hospital beds per 10000 people.[2]
People's livelihood
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesHuman Development Index It ranks 54th in the United Nations Development Programme.Life expectancy is 76.2 years old, and the population growth rate is 0.34% (source: World Bank).The high standard of living in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is mainly dependent on overseas remittances.Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is the successorLesothoAfter that, the second person in the world receives the most overseas remittances.[2]
International Relations
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foreign policy
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines pursues a foreign policy of safeguarding national dignity and regional unity.It has close relations with the United States, Britain, Canada and other Caribbean countries.Advocate Caribbean integration.It is a member of the United Nations, the Caribbean Community, the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, the Association of Caribbean States, the Bolivarian Union of the Americas and other international and regional organizations.[10]
external relations
Relations with China
As of 2016, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines still has no diplomatic relations with China.However, when Saint Vincent and the Grenadines became independent in 1979, Chinese Premier Hua Guofeng sent a message of congratulations and announced the recognition of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' independenceBarbadosThe ambassador also participated in the independence ceremony as a government representative.On August 15, 1981, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines established so-called "diplomatic relations" with the authorities of Taiwan Province of China.[1]
According to the statistics of the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China, in 2023, the bilateral trade volume between China and Saint Vincent will be 26.04 million US dollars, up 22.9% year on year, which is basically Chinese exports.[9]
Relations with Britain
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is very close to British diplomacy and often receives British funding.
Relations with the United States
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines also has close relations with the United States.In November 1991, Prime Minister Mitchell visited the United States.[1]
