The Ministry of Defense is the nationalcentral governmentThe military department in charge of national defense and military affairs in China.Usually subordinate toHead of Government, there are also direct reportsarmed forcesThe supreme commander.
The central governments of most countries in the world haveMilitary administration, but the name, authority and organization are not exactly the same.In terms of name, most countries are called the Ministry of National Defense, while a few countries are called the "Ministry of the People's Armed Forces", "Ministry of Military Affairs"“Defense Agency”Or other names.
Chinese name
Ministry of Defense
Foreign name
Ministry of National Defence
Nature
Government departments
Alias
Ministry of Military Affairs, Department of Defense, etc
The Ministry of DefensePolitical systemEvolutionmilitary forceEnhancement andDefense needsAnd its emergence and development.In ancient times, many countries had officials in charge of military affairs, which gradually developed into institutions in charge of military affairs.
In China, military officials have long been in charge, such asWestern Zhou DynastySima of the Qing Dynasty, Tai Wei of the Han Dynasty, etc. These officials have full-time assistants or assistant agencies.
During the 17th and 19th centuries, some European countries and the United States successively establishedarmy departmentThe Ministry of the Navy.At the end of the Qing Dynasty, China also set up the Army Headquarters and the Navy Headquarters,Split palmArmy and Navy affairs.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the war and the expansion of the military scale, in order to meet the needs of mobilizing and organizing national forces in all aspects and unified leadership and command of various services, some countriescentral governmentEstablish a centralized and unified military department.In 1919, Germany adopted the name Ministry of Defense.the Second World WarLater, most countries established the Ministry of National Defense or similar institutions.
In 1946, the Chinese Kuomintang government established the Ministry of National Defense.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the first session of the First National People's Congress in September 1954 decided to establish the Ministry of National Defense.The Ministry of National Defense is subordinate to the State Council and is the department of the State Council that leads and manages national defense construction.Reason for specific workthe Chinese People's Liberation ArmyAll headquarters shall handle it separately, and the Central Military Commission shall handle it from January 2016.
The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates that,defence secretaryIt shall be decided by the National People's Congress on the basis of the nomination of the Premier of the State Council;When the National People's Congress is not in session, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall make a decision on the nomination of the Premier of the State Council.
All central governments in the modern world have military departments, but their names, terms of referenceSubordinationNot consistent with the organization.In terms of name, most countries refer to the Ministry of National Defense, while North Korea refers to the peoplearmed forcesMinistry of Defense, known as the Ministry of Defense,LibyaKnown as the General Committee for Defense,Switzerlandcallfederalnational defensecivil defenceSports Department，CubaIt is called the Ministry of Revolutionary Armed Forces.
In terms of office power, the Ministry of Defense of most countries is the highestMilitary administration, fully responsible for national defense constructionBattle CommandMatters are usually handled by the highestMilitary command organimplementation;Some are the highest military command organs;Some are both the highest military administrative organ and the highest military command organ;Some are only responsibleMilitary budget, military productionEquipment procurementAnd other administrative matters;Some are only responsible for military diplomatic affairs.
In terms of subordination, most of them are led by the head of the government (cabinet), and some are directly under the supreme commander of the armed forces.In terms of organization, there is generally one minister and several deputy ministers, and the ministers are usually the government (cabinet) and national defensedecision-making bodyThe important members of the group are civilian officials or military officers, and some of them are the Supreme Commander of the armed forces or heads of government (cabinet);The Ministry generally has staff officers, equipment development, rear service and other organs, and some also havepolitical workAgency and other consultation and coordinationWork department。
U.S. Department of Defense
In the ministries of defense around the world,U.S. Department of DefenseIt is the leadership and command of the President of the United StatesUS Armed ForcesIs the highest military organ responsible for the formulation and implementation of defense policies and plans, andOverall management, and viaJoint Chiefs of StaffConduct operational command over the whole army.By the system of the Ministry of Defense, the system of the ServiceCommand systemIt consists of three parts.
