Generally, companies have firewall or even hardware level isolation for internal and external networks, but they generally have a way to connect, either directly across network segments or by providing a springboard machine.
To access the intranet IP through the public IP, you need to set port forwarding or configure a NAT server.First, enable port mapping on your router, such as pointing a port of the public network to a specific IP and port of the intranet.Then, if there are services running on that machine in the intranet (such as HTTP or SSH), ensure that the firewall allows external connections.If you are not familiar with these steps, you can find friends who understand the network to help or search some tutorial videos for settings.Remember security first, only open necessary services to prevent unauthorized access