Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA。

You can also watch ourAPA vidcast serieson the，on thePurdue OWL YouTube通道。

通用亚太经合组织指南

Your essay should be typed and double-spaced on standard-sized paper（8.5“x11”），with1“margins on all sides。  入口，入口炉膛加热器（also known as the“压路头”）at the top of every page。For a professional paper，this includes your paper title and the page number.For a student paper，this only includes the page number.To create a炉膛过热器，炉膛过热器，insert page numbers flush right.Then type“TITLE OF YOUR PAPER”in the header flush left using all capital letters.The压路头isa shortened version of your paper's title and cannot exceed50 characters including spacing and punctuation。

Font

The7th edition of the APA Publication Manual requires that the chosen font be accessible（i.e。，legible）to all readers and that it be used consistently throughout the paper.It acknowledges that many font choices are legitimate，and it advises writers to check with their publishers，instructors，or institutions for guidance in cases of uncertainty。

为解决方案，it does recommend a few fonts that are widely available.These include sans serif fonts such as11-point Calibri，11-point Arial，and10-point Lucida Sans Unicode as well as serif fonts such as12-point Times New Roman，11-point Georgia，10-point Computer Modern。

主罩段

Your essay should includefourmajor sections：the标题页单击功能区上，Abstract单击功能区上，主车身，and参考，参考。

标题页

Note：APA7provides slightly different directions for formatting the title pages of professional papers（e.g.，those intended for scholarly publication）and student papers（e.g。，those turned in for credit in a high school or college course）。

铁轨外壳连接titleof the paper，theauthor's name，and theinstitutional affiliation.A professional paper should also include theauthor note.A student paper should also include thecourse number and name单击功能区上，instructor name，andassignment due date。

类型yourtitlein upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page.The title should be centered and written in boldface.APA recommends that your title be focused and succinct and that it should not contain abbreviations words that serve no purpose.Your title may take up one or two lines.All text on the title， and throughout your paper，should be double-spaced。

Beneath the title，type theauthor's name：first name，middle initial（s），and last name.Do not use titles（Dr.）or degrees（PhD）。

Beneath the author's name，type theinstitutional affiliation，which should indicate the location where the author（s）conducted the research。

A professional paper should include theauthor notebeneath the institutional affiliation，in the bottom half of the title page.This should be divided up into several paragraphs，with any paragraphs that are not relevant omitted.The first paragraph should include the author’s name，the symbol for the ORCID iD， and the URL for the ORCID iD.Any authors who do not have an ORCID iD should be omitted.The second paragraph should show any change in affiliation or any deaths of the authors.The third paragraph should include any disclosures or acknowledgements，such astudy registration，open pracks and， disclosure of related reports and conflicts of interest，and acknowledgement of financial support and other assistance.The fourth paragraph should include contact information for the corresponding author。

Astudent paper should not include an author note。

Note again that page headers/page numbers（described above for professional and student papers）also appear at the top of the title page。In other words，a professional paper's title page will include the title of the paper flush left in all capitals and the page number flush right，while a student paper will only contain the page number flush right。

Student APA title page

Title page for a student paper in APA7style。

专业paper APA title page

Title page for a professional paper in APA7style。

Abstract

Begin a new page.Your abstract page should already include the炉膛加热器（described above）。On the first line of the abstract page，center and bold the word“Abstract”（no italics，underlining，or quotation marks）。

Beginning with the next line，write a concise summary of the key points of your research.（Do not indent.）Your abstract should contain at least your research topic，research questions，participants，methods，results，data analysis，and conclusions.You may also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings.Your abstract should a single paragraph， double-spaced.Your abstract should typically be no more than250words。

You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract.To do this，indent as you would if you were starting a new paragraph，typeKeywords:（italicized），and then list your keywords.Listing your keywords will help researchers find your work in databases。

Abstracts are common in scholarly journal articles and are not typically required for student papers unless advised by an instructor.If you are unsure whether or not your work requires an abstract，consult your instructor for further guidance。

APA Abstract Page

Abstract page for a student paper in APA7style。

火花塞，火花塞Sample APA Paperresource to see an example of an APA paper.You may also visit our其他资源page for more examples of APA papers。

How to Cite the Purdue OWL in APA

工业资源

The page template for the new OWL site does not include contributors'names or the page's last edited date.However，select pagesstill include this information。

In the absence of contributor/edit date information，treat the page as a source with a group author and use the abbreviation“n.d.”for“no date”：

Purdue Online Writing Lab.（n.d.）。 Title of resourcePurdue Online Writing Lab。http://Web OWL resource for address for OWL resource

Purdue Online Writing Lab.（n.d.）。 General Writing FAQs。Purdue Online Writing Lab。https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/general_writing_faqs.html

The generic APA citation for OWL pages，which includes author/edit date information，is this：

Contributors'names.（Last edited date）。 前厅，前厅.Site Name。http://Web OWL resource for address for OWL resource

Note：This page reflects the latest version of theAPA发布手册（i.e.，APA7），which released in October2019.The equivalent resource for the older APA6stylecan be found here。