{“id”：“https://openalex.org/W3207091856“，”doi“：”https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.194“，”title“：“为什么人们不使用字符级机器翻译？“，”display_name“：”为什么人们不使用字符级机器翻译？“，”“publication_year”：2022，“publication_date”：“2022-01-01”，“ids”：{“openalex”：“https://openalex.org/W3207091856“，”doi“：”https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.194“，”mag“：”3207091856“}，”language“：”en“，”primary_location“：{”is_oa“：true，”landing_page_url“：”https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.194，“pdf_url”：https://aclantology.org/2022.findings-acl.194.pdf，“源”：{“id”：https://openalex.org/S4363605144“，”display_name“：”计算语言学协会的调查结果：ACL 2022“，”issn_l“：null，”issn“：null，”is_oa“：false，”isin_doaj“：false，”is_core“：false，”host_organization“：nul，”host_organization_name“:nullhttps://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by“，”version“：”publishedVersion“，”is_accepted“：true，”is_published“：true}，”type“：”article“，”type_crossref“：“procesdings-article”，”indexed_in“：[”crossref“]，”open_access“：{”is_oa“：true，”oa_status“：”hybrid“，”oa_url“：”https://aclcollectory.org/2022.findings-acl.194.pdf“，”any_repository_has_fulltext“：true}，”authorships“：[{”author_position“：”第一“，”作者“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/A5061045500“，”display_name“：”Jind\u0159ich Libovick\u00fd“，”orcid“：”https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-4090}，“机构”：[{“id”：https://openalex.org/I21250087“，”display_name“：”查尔斯大学“，”ror“：”https://ror.org/024d6js02“，”country_code“：”CZ“，”type“：“教育”，”世系“：[”https://openalex.org/I21250087“]}]，”国家“：[”CZ“]，”is_corresponding“：false，”raw_author_name“：”Jind\u0159ich Libovick\u00fd“，”raw _ afiliation_strings“：[“捷克共和国布拉格查尔斯大学数学与物理学院”]，”affiliations“：[{”raw _affiliation_string“：”捷克共和国普拉格查尔斯大学数理学院“，”institution_ids“：]”https://openalex.org/I21250087“]}]}，{”author_position“：”middle“，”author“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/A5027452875“，”display_name“：”Helmut Schmid“，”orcid“：”https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8003-7708}，“机构”：[{“id”：https://openalex.org/I8204097“，”display_name“：”路德维希·马克西米利安大学\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen“，”ror“：”https://ror.org/05591te55“，”country_code“：”DE“，”type“：“教育”，”世系“：[”https://openalex.org/I8204097“]}]，”国家“：[”DE“]，”is_corresponding“：false，”raw_author_name“：”Helmut Schmid“，”raw _affiliation_strings“：[“德国慕尼黑LMU信息与语音处理中心”]，”从属关系“：[{”raw _affiliation_string“：”德国慕尼西LMU信息和语音处理中心“，”institution_ids“：[https://openalex.org/I8204097“]}]}，{”author_position“：”last“，”author“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/A5101957153“，”display_name“：”Alexander Fraser“，”orcid“：”https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-682X}，“机构”：[{“id”：https://openalex.org/I8204097“，”display_name“：”路德维希·马克西米利安大学\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen“，”ror“：”https://ror.org/05591te55“，”country_code“：”DE“，”type“：“教育”，”世系“：[”https://openalex.org/I8204097“]}]，”国家“：[”DE“]，”is_corresponding“：false，”raw_author_name“：”Alexander Fraser“，”raw _affiliation_strings“：[“德国慕尼黑LMU信息与语音处理中心”]，”从属关系“：[{”raw _affiliation_string“：”德国慕尼西LMU信息和语音处理中心“，”institution_ids“：]”https://openalex.org/I8204097“]}]}]，”institution_assertions“：[]，”countries_distinct_count“：2，”institutions_disting_count”：2，“corresponding_author_ids”：[]、“correspending_institution_ids“：[].”apc_list“：null，”apc_payed“：null，”fwci“：3.209，”has_fulltext“：true，”fulltext_origin“：”pdf“，”cited_by_count：17，“citation_normalized_percentile”：{“value”：0.9998 73，“is_in_top_1_percent”：真，“is_in_top_10_percent“：true}，”cited_by_percentile_year“：{”min“：96，”max“：97}，“biblio”：{“volume”：null，“issue”：nul，“first_page”：null，“last_page”：null}，《is_retracted》：false，“is_paratext”：false、“primary_topic”：{“id”：“https://openalex.org/T10028“，”display_name“：”自然语言处理“，”score“：1.0，”subfield“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/subfields/1702“，”display_name“：”人工智能“}，”字段“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/fields/17“，”display_name“：”Computer Science“}，”domain“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/domains/3“，”display_name“：”物理科学“}}，”主题“：[{”id“：”https://openalex.org/T10028“，”display_name“：”自然语言处理“，”score“：1.0，”subfield“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/subfields/1702“，”display_name“：”人工智能“}，”字段“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/fields/17“，”display_name“：”Computer Science“}，”domain“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/domains/3“，”display_name“：”物理科学“}}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/T10181“，”display_name“：”统计机器翻译与自然语言处理“，”score“：1.0，”subfield“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/subfields/1702“，”display_name“：”人工智能“}，”字段“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/fields/17“，”display_name“：”Computer Science“}，”domain“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/domains/3“，”display_name“：”物理科学“}}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/T12031“，”“display_name”：“口语系统的对话行为建模”，“score”：0.995，“subfield”：{“id”：“https://openalex.org/subfields/1702“，”display_name“：”人工智能“}，”字段“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/fields/17“，”display_name“：”Computer Science“}，”domain“：{”id“：”https://openalex.org/domains/3“，”display_name“：”物理科学“}}]，”关键词“：[{”id“：”https://openalex.org/keywords/robustivity网站“，”display_name“：”健壮性（进化）“，”score“：0.78415835}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/keywords/machine翻译“，”display_name“：”机器翻译“，”score“：0.529818}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-machine-translation网站“，”display_name“：”神经机器翻译“，”score“：0.528314}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/keywords/language-modeling“，”display_name“：”Language Modeling“，”score“：0.50449}]，”concepts“：[{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C203005215，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798“，”display_name“：”机器翻译“，”level“：2，”score“：0.7929812}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C63479239，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546“，”display_name“：”健壮性（进化）“，”level“：3，”score“：0.78415835}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C41008148，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198“，”display_name“：”计算机科学“，”level“：0，”score“：0.76865804}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C2780861071，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934“，”display_name“：”字符（数学）“，”等级“：2，”分数“：0.6606517}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C204321447，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642“，”display_name“：”自然语言处理“，”level“：1，”score“：0.4989667}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C154945302，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660“，”display_name“：”人工智能“，”level“：1，”score“：0.49585637}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C177148314，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084“，”display_name“：”Generalization“，”level“：2，”score“：0.48770484}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C28490314，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436“，”display_name“：”语音识别“，”level“：1，”score“：0.38542527}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C33923547，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395“，”display_name“：”数学“，”等级“：0，”分数“：0.0736675}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C55493867，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094“，”display_name“：”生物化学“，”level“：1，”score“：0.0}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C185592680，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329“，”display_name“：”Chemistry“，”level“：0，”score“：0.0}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C2524010，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087“，”display_name“：”Geometry“，”level“：1，”score“：0.0}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C104317684，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187“，”display_name“：”Gene“，”level“：2，”score“：0.0}，{”id“：”https://openalex.org/C134306372，“wikidata”：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754“，”display_name“：”数学分析“，”level“：1，”score“：0.0}]，”mesh“：[]，”locations_count“：3，”location“：[{”is_oa“：true，”landing_page_url“：”https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.194，“pdf_url”：https://aclantology.org/2022.findings-acl.194.pdf，“源”：{“id”：https://openalex.org/S4363605144“，”display_name“：”计算语言学协会的研究结果：ACL 2022“，”issn_l“：null，”issn“：null，”is_oa“：false，”is_in_doaj“：false，”is_core“：false，”host_organization“：null，”host_organization_name“：null，”host_organization_lineage“：[]，”host_organization_lineage_names“：[]，”type“：”conference“｝，”license“：”cc-by“，”license_id“：”https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by“，”version“：”publishedVersion“，”is_accepted“：true，”is_published“：true}，{”is_oa“：true，”landing_page_url“：”https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08191，“pdf_url”：https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.08191，“源”：{“id”：https://openalex.org/S4306400194“，”display_name“：”arXiv（康奈尔大学）“，”issn_l“：null，”issn“：null，”is_oa“：true，”is_in_doaj“：false，”is_core“：false，”host_organization“：”https://openalex.org/I205783295“，”“host_organization_name”：“康奈尔大学”，“host_organization_lineage”：[“https://openalex.org/I205783295“]，”host_organization_lineage_names“：[”Cornell University“]，“type”：“repository”}，“license”：null，“licence_id”：null，“version”：“submittedVersion”，“is_accepted”：false，“is_published”：false}，{“is_oa”：true，“landing_page_url”：“https://hdl.handle.net/11346/BIBLIO@id=-2571158230167726880“，”pdf_url“：”http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/biblio/attachments/2022-libovicky-p43954117952271095.pdf，“源”：{“id”：https://openalex.org/S4306401077“，”“display_name”“：”“形式应用语言学研究所（\u00daFAL）”“，”submittedVersion“，”is_accepted“：false，”is_published“：false}]，”best_oa_location“：{”is_oa“：true，”landing_page_url“：”https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.194，“pdf_url”：https://aclantology.org/2022.findings-acl.194.pdf，“源”：{“id”：https://openalex.org/S4363605144“，”display_name“：”计算语言学协会的调查结果：ACL 2022“，”issn_l“：null，”issn“：null，”is_oa“：false，”isin_doaj“：false，”is_core“：false，”host_organization“：nul，”host_organization_name“:nullhttps://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by“，”version“：”publishedVersion“，”is_accepted“：true，”is_published“：true}，”sustainable_development_goals“：[{”id“：”https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4“，”display_name“：”素质教育“，”score“：0.86}]，”grants“：[]，”datasets“：【】，”versions“：【]，”referenced_works_count“：80，”referrenced_works“：[”https://openalex.org/W1993666847","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2116492146","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W222053410","https://openalex.org/W2250342921","https://openalex.org/W2512924740","https://openalex.org/W2531207078","https://openalex.org/W2595715041","https://openalex.org/W2741029840","https://openalex.org/W2749861397","https://openalex.org/W2756888147","https://openalex.org/W2757141711","https://openalex.org/W2758488395","https://openalex.org/W2758514087","https://openalex.org/W2758685863","https://openalex.org/W2759409226","https://openalex.org/W2760102862","https://openalex.org/W2885588803","https://openalex.org/W2888520903","https://openalex.org/W2898962441","https://openalex.org/W2902798232","https://openalex.org/W2903193068","https://openalex.org/W2933138175","https://openalex.org/W2949888546","https://openalex.org/W2949973181","https://openalex.org/W2952328691","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2963223057","https://openalex.org/W2963250244","https://openalex.org/W2963251942","https://openalex.org/W2963324947","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963532001","https://openalex.org/W2963887123","https://openalex.org/W2964010678","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W2970015022","https://openalex.org/W2970279348","https://openalex.org/W2970558573","https://openalex.org/W2970692082","https://openalex.org/W2970999217","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2984171820","https://openalex.org/W2988094279","https://openalex.org/W3005389111","https://openalex.org/W3034407863","https://openalex.org/W3035207248","https://openalex.org/W3039986555","https://openalex.org/W3082274269","https://openalex.org/W3098824823","https://openalex.org/W3099180151","https://openalex.org/W3102657423","https://openalex.org/W3104636952","https://openalex.org/W3105214104","https://openalex.org/W3106096614","https://openalex.org/W3116114994","https://openalex.org/W3118026775","https://openalex.org/W3119067070","https://openalex.org/W3120929527","https://openalex.org/W3120985925","https://openalex.org/W3121090600","https://openalex.org/W3129014787","https://openalex.org/W3135427360","https://openalex.org/W3169483174","https://openalex.org/W3172246349","https://openalex.org/W3173571438","https://openalex.org/W3174150157","https://openalex.org/W3174418826","https://openalex.org/W3176846585","https://openalex.org/W3183146492","https://openalex.org/W4287115969","https://openalex.org/W4287548861","https://openalex.org/W4287727391","https://openalex.org/W4288025088","https://openalex.org/W4289440907","https://openalex.org/W4297734170","https://openalex.org/W4300466035","https://openalex.org/W4385245566“]，”related_works“：[”https://openalex.org/W4385863891","https://openalex.org/W4379525811","https://openalex.org/W3198474835","https://openalex.org/W2610387714","https://openalex.org/W2435130738","https://openalex.org/W2167662847","https://openalex.org/W1974878518","https://openalex.org/W1569841287","https://openalex.org/W1512718085","https://openalex.org/W1484029852“]，”abstract_inverted_index“：{”We“：[0,46]，”present“：[1]，”a“：[2]，”文学“：[3,26]，”and“：[4,98]，”经验主义“：[5]，”调查“：[6]，”that“：[7,27,49,99]，”critical“：[8]，”assesses“：[9]，”the“：[10,13,25]，”state“：[11]，”of“：[12]，”art“：[14]，”in“：[15,24,40,43,55]，“字符级”：[16,28,56,60]，“建模”：[17,53]，“用于”：[18]，“机器”：[19]，“翻译”：[20100]，“（MT）。”：[21]，“尽管”：[22]，“证据”：[23]，“系统”：[29,62,72]，“是”：[30,36,89]，“可比”：[31]，“与”：[32,51105]，“子字”：[33]，“系统”：[34]，“它们”：[35]，“虚拟”：[37]，“从未”：[38]，“使用过”：[39]，“竞争”：[41]，“设置”：[42]，“WMT”：[44]，“竞赛”。“：[45]，“经验性”：[47]，“显示”：[48,73,92]，“偶数”：[50]，“最近”：[52]，“创新”：[54]，“自然”：[57]，“语言”：[58]，“处理”，：[59]，“MT”：[61,71]，“静止”：[63]，“奋斗”：[64]，“到”：[65,91]，“匹配”：[66]，“他们的”：[67]，“基于子命令的”：【68】，“对等方。”：[69]，“字符级别”：[70]，“两者都不”：[74]，“更好”：[75,79]，“域”：[76]，“健壮性”：[77]，“也不“：[78]，”形态学“：[80]，”泛化“：[81]，”尽管“：[82]，”存在“：[83]，“经常”：[84]，“所以”：[85]，“有动机”：[86]，“然而”：[87]，“我们”：[88]，“能”：[90]，“稳健性”：[93]，“朝向”：[94]，“源”：[95]，“侧面”：[96]，“噪声”：[97]，“质量”：[101]，“做”：[102]，“不”：[103]，“降级”：[104]，“增加”：[106]，“波束”：[107]，“大小”：[108]，“at”：[109]，“解码”：[110]，“时间”：[111]}，“引用_by_api_url”：“https://api.openalex.org/works？filter=cites:W3207091856“，”counts_by_year“：[{“年份”：2024，”cited_by_count“：2}，{“年”：2023，”ciped_by_cunt“：9}，”{“年度”：2022，“cited_by_count”：5}]，”updated_date“：”2024-09-19T06:46:52.079889“，”created_date:“2021-10-25”}