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表1。

HMGB1的隔室特定功能
核心DNA结合:转录调控[14]
稳定染色质[15]
染色体组装[16]
细胞复制[14]
DNA修复[17]
细胞内PKR/炎症小体激活[13]
自噬:自噬诱导需要C106[18]
    诱导自噬需要二硫键半胱氨酸[18]
放行途中[1,5]
囊泡形成[19]
细胞外的膜结合:神经突起生长[20]
        血小板活化[21]
细胞外:促血管生成[22]
    抗菌剂[23]
    全半胱氨酸减少:炎症、趋化因子样、趋化性[24,25]
    氧化全半胱氨酸:非易燃[24,26]
    二硫键半胱氨酸:炎症、类细胞因子、细胞因子诱导[,26]
    赖氨酸高乙酰化:炎症,细胞因子诱导[13]

HMGB1在单元内部和外部具有单独的角色。HMGB1在细胞核中高度表达,调节染色质结构和基因转录。HMGB1也存在于胞浆中,参与炎症小体激活和自噬。细胞外HMGB1已成为该领域的研究热点,因为它参与多种免疫反应,包括神经突起生长、血小板活化以及细胞因子和趋化因子样活性。